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BRUSA, or BROUSSA (anc. Prusa)

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Originally appearing in Volume V04, Page 691 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BRUSA, or BROUSSA (anc. Prusa)  , the See also:capital of the See also:Brusa (Khudavendikiar) vilayet of See also:Asia See also:Minor, which includes parts of See also:ancient See also:Mysia, See also:Bithynia, and See also:Phrygia, and extends in a See also:south-easterly direction from See also:Mudania, on the See also:Sea of See also:Marmora, to Afium-Kara-See also:Hissar on the See also:Smyrna-See also:Konia railway . The vilayet is one of the most important in See also:Asiatic See also:Turkey, has See also:great See also:mineral and agricultural See also:wealth, many mineral springs, large forests, and valuable See also:industries . It exports cereals, See also:silk, See also:cotton, See also:opium, See also:tobacco, See also:olive-oil, See also:meerschaum, See also:boracite, &c . The See also:Ismid-See also:Angora and Eskishehr-Konia See also:railways pass through the See also:province . See also:Population of the province„ 1,600,000 (Moslems, 1,280,000; Christians, 317,000; See also:Jews, 3000) . The See also:city stretches along the See also:lower slopes of the Mysian See also:Olympus or Kechish Dagh, occupying a position above the valley of the Nilufer (Odrysses) not unlike that of Great See also:Malvern above the vale of the See also:Severn . It is divided by ravines into three quarters, and in the centre, on a bold See also:terrace of See also:rock, stood the ancient Prusa . The See also:modern See also:town has clean streets and See also:good roads made by Ahmed Vefyk See also:Pasha when Vali, and it contains mosques and tombs of great historic and architectural See also:interest; the more important are those of the sultans See also:Murad I., Bayezid (Bajazet) I., Mahommed I., and Murad II., 1403-1451, and the Ulu Jami' . The mosques show traces of See also:Byzantine, See also:Persian and Arab See also:influence in their See also:plan, See also:architecture and decorative details . The circular See also:church of.St See also:Elias, in which the first two sultans, See also:Osman and Orkhan, were buried, was destroyed by See also:fire and See also:earthquake, and rebuilt by Ahmed Vefyk Pasha . There are in the town an See also:American See also:mission and school,and a See also:British orphanage . Silk-See also:spinning is an important See also:industry, the export of silk in 1902 being valued at £620,000 .

There are also manufactories of silk stuffs, towels, bumf's, carpets, See also:

felt See also:prayer-carpets embroidered in silk and See also:gold . The hot See also:iron and See also:sulphur springs near Brusa, varying in temperature from 112° to 178° F., are still much used . The town is connected with its See also:port, Mudania, by a railway and a road . There is a British See also:vice-See also:consul . Pop . 75,000 (Moslems, 40,000; Christians, 33,000; Jews, 2000) . Prusa, founded, it is said, at the See also:suggestion of See also:Hannibal, was for a See also:long See also:time the seat of the Bithynian See also:kings . It continued to flourish under the See also:Roman and Byzantine emperors till the loth See also:century, when it was captured and destroyed by Saif-addaula of See also:Aleppo . Restored by the Byzantines, it was again taken in 1327 by the Ottomans after a See also:siege of ten years, and continued to be their capital till Murad I. removed to See also:Adrianople . In 1402 it was pillaged by the See also:Tatars; in 1413 it resisted an attack of the Karamanians; in 1512 it See also:fell into the See also:power of See also:Ala ed-Din; and in 1607 it was burnt by the rebellious Kalenderogli . In 1883 it was occupied by the Egyptians under See also:Ibrahim Pasha, and from 1852–1855 afforded an See also:asylum to Abd-el-Kader . See L.-de Laborde, Voyage de l'Asie Mineure (See also:Paris, 1838) ; C .

Texier, Asie Mineure (Paris, 1839) .

End of Article: BRUSA, or BROUSSA (anc. Prusa)
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