BUBASTIS  , the Graecized name of the See also:

• EGYPTIAN

Egyptian goddess Ubasti, meaning " she of [the See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city] Bast " (B;s-t), a city better known by its later name, P-ubasti, " See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place of Ubasti "; thus the goddess derived her name Ubasti from her city (Bast), and in turn the city derived its name P-ubasti from that of the goddess; the Greeks, confusing the name of the city with that of the goddess, called the latter Bubastis, and the former also Bubastis (later Bubastos) . Bubastis, See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital of the 19th See also:

• NOME

nome of See also:

• LOWER

Lower See also:

• EGYPT

Egypt, is now represented by a See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• MOUND

mound of ruins called Tell Basta, near See also:

• ZAGAZIG (Zalzazik)

Zagazig, including the site of a large See also:

• TEMPLE
• TEMPLE, FREDERICK (1821-1902)
• TEMPLE, RICHARD
• TEMPLE, SIR RICHARD, BART
• TEMPLE, SIR WILLIAM, BART

temple (described by See also:

• HERODOTUS (c. 484-425 B.C.)

Herodotus) strewn with blocks of See also:

• GRANITE (adapted from the Ital. granite, grained; Lat. granum, grain)

granite . The monuments discovered there, although only those in hard See also:

• STONE
• STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
• STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
• STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
• STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
• STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
• STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
• STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
• STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)

stone have survived, are more important than at any other site in the See also:

• DELTA (from the shape of the Gr. letter A, delta, originally used of the mouth of the Nile)

Delta except Tanis and See also:

• COVER (from the Fr. convert, from couvrir, to cover, Lat. cooperire)

cover a wider range, commencing with Khufu (See also:

• CHEOPS

Cheops) and continuing to the thirtieth See also:

• DYNASTY (Gr. &vvaareta, sovereignty, the position of a hevnori7r, lord, ruler, from SuvaaBay to be able, Suvaµas, power)

dynasty . Ubasti was one of many feline goddesses, figured with the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of a lioness . In the great development of reverence for sacred animals which took place after the New See also:

• KINGDOM

Kingdom, the domestic See also:

• CAT
• CAT, CIVET
• CAT, HOUSE

cat was especially the See also:

• ANIMAL
• ANIMAL (Lat. animalis, from anima, breath, soul)

animal of Bubastis, although it had also to serve for all the other feline goddesses, owing no doubt to the scarcity and intractability of its congeners . Her See also:

• HIERATIC

hieratic and most See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form was still lioness-headed, but a popular form, especially in See also:

• BRONZE

bronze, was a cat-headed See also:

• WOMEN

women, often holding in her right See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand a See also:

• LION
• LION (Lat, leo, leonis; Gr. Mew)

lion See also:

• AEGIS (Gr. Aigis)

aegis, i.e. a broad semicircular See also:

• PECTORAL

pectoral surmounted by the head of a lioness, and on the See also:

• LEFT

left See also:

• ARM (a common Teutonic word; the Indo-European root is ar, to join or fit; cf. the Lat. armus, shoulder, and the plural word arma, weapons, Gr. apphs, joint, and the reduplicated apapilKSV, to join)

arm a See also:

• BASKET

basket . The cat See also:

• CEMETERY (Gr. Korrsnri7pwv, from Hoiµav, to sleep)

cemetery on the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side of the See also:

• TOWN

town consisted of See also:

• NUMBERS, BOOK OF
• NUMBERS, PARTITION OF

numbers of large See also:

• BRICK (derived according to some etymologists from the Teutonic bricke, a disk or plate; but more authoritatively, through the French brique, originally a " broken piece," applied especially to bread, and so to clay, from the Teutonic brikan, to break)

brick See also:

• CHAMBERS (the Fr. chambre, from Lat. camera, a room)
• CHAMBERS, EPHRAIM (d. 1740)
• CHAMBERS, GEORGE (1803-1840)
• CHAMBERS, ROBERT (18oz-1871)
• CHAMBERS, SIR WILLIAM (1726-1796)

chambers, crammed with burnt and decayed mummies, many of which had been enclosed in cat-shaped cases of See also:

• WOOD, ANTHONY A2 (1632-1695)
• WOOD, JOHN GEORGE (1827—1889)
• WOOD, MRS HENRY [ELLEN] (1814—1887)
• WOOD, SEARLES VALENTINE (1798—188o)

wood and bronze . Herodotus describes the festival of Bubastis, which was attended by thousands from all parts of Egypt and was a very riotous affair; it has its See also:

• MODERN

modern See also:

• EQUIVALENT

equivalent in the Moslem iestival of the See also:

• SHEIKH, or SHAIKH

sheikh Said el Badawi at See also:

• TANTA

Tanta . The tablet of See also:

• CANOPUS, or CANOBUS

Canopus shows that there were two festivals of Bubastis, the great and the lesser: perhaps the lesser festival was held at See also:

• MEMPHIS

Memphis, where the See also:

• QUARTER (through Fr. from Lat. quartarius, fourth part)

quarter called Ankhto contained a temple to this goddess . Her name is found on monuments from the third dynasty onwards, but a great stimulus was given to her See also:

• WORSHIP (i.e. " worth-ship," O. Eng. weor8scipe)

worship by the twenty-second (Bubastite) dynasty and generally by the increased importance of Lower Egypt in later times . Her See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character seems to have been essentially mild and playful, in contrast to Sokhmi and other feline goddesses . The Greeks equated Ubasti with their See also:

• ARTEMIS

Artemis, confusing her with the leonine Tafne, See also:

• SISTER

sister of Shoou (See also:

• APOLLO (Gr. 'A2r6XXwv,'Airkkhwv)

Apollo) .

The Egyptians themselves delighted in identifying together goddesses of the most diverse forms and attributes; but Ubasti was almost indistinguishable in form from Tafne . The name of her son Iphthimis (Nfr-tm), pronounced Eftem, may mean " All-See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good," and, in the See also:

• ABSENCE (Lat. absentia)

absence of other See also:

• INFORMATION (from Lat. informare, to give shape or form to, to represent, describe)

information about him, suggests a See also:

• REASON (Lat. ratio, through French raison)

reason why he was identified with See also:

• PROMETHEUS

Prometheus . See K . Sethe in Pauly-Wissowa's Realencyclopddie; E . Naville, Bubastis, and Festival See also:

• HALL
• HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
• HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
• HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
• HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
• HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
• HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
• HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
• HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
• HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
• HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
• HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
• HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
• HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
• HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
• HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
• HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
• HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)

Hall of Osorkon II.; Herodotus ii . 67, 137-156; Grenfell and See also:

• HUNT, ALFRED WILLIAM (183o-1896)
• HUNT, HENRY (1i73-1835)
• HUNT, HENRY JACKSON (1819-1889)
• HUNT, JAMES HENRY LEIGH (1784-1859)
• HUNT, ROBERT (1807-1887)
• HUNT, THOMAS STERRY (1826-1892)
• HUNT, WILLIAM HENRY (1790—1864)
• HUNT, WILLIAM HOLMAN (1827-1910)
• HUNT, WILLIAM MORRIS (1824-1879)

Hunt, Hibeh Papyri, i . (F . Li .