BERNHARD See also:

• ERNST, HEINRICH WILHELM (1814–1865)

ERNST VON See also:

• BERNHARD ERNST VON BULOW (1815-1879)
• BULOW, BERNHARD HEINRICH KARL MARTIN, PRINCE VON (1849– )
• BULOW, DIETRICH HEINRICH, FREIHERR VON (1757–1807)
• BULOW, FRIEDRICH WILHELM
• BULOW, HANS GUIDO VON (1830-1894)

BULOW (1815-1879)  , Danish and See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German statesman, was the son of Adolf von Billow, a Danish See also:

• OFFICIAL (Late Lat. QJicialis, for class. Lat. apparitor, from officium, office, duty)

official, and was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at Cismar in See also:

• HOLSTEIN
• HOLSTEIN, FRIEDRICH VON (1837–1909)

Holstein on the 2nd of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1815 . He studied See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law at the See also:

• UNIVERSITIES

universities of See also:

• BERLIN
• BERLIN, CONGRESS AND TREATY OF
• BERLIN, ISAIAH (1725–1799)

Berlin, See also:

• GOTTINGEN

Gottingen and See also:

• KIEL

Kiel, and began his See also:

• POLITICAL

political career in the service of See also:

• DENMARK
• DENMARK (Danmark)

Denmark, in the See also:

• CHANCERY

chancery of See also:

• SCHLESWIG (Dan. Slesvig)

Schleswig-Holstein-See also:

• LAUENBURG

Lauenburg at See also:

• COPENHAGEN (Danish Kjobenhavn)

Copenhagen, and afterwards in the See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office . In 1842 he became councillor of See also:

• LEGATION (Lat. legalio, a sending or mission)

legation, and in 1847 Danish See also:

• CHARGE
• CHARGE (through the Fr. from the Late Lat. carricare, to load in a carrus or wagon; cf. " cargo ")

charge d'affaires in the Hanse towns, where his intercourse with the See also:

• MERCHANT (O. Fr. marcheant, modern marchand; from Lat. mercari, to trade, merx, goods, merchandise)

merchant princes led to his See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage in 1848 with a wealthy heiress, See also:

• LOUISE [AUGUSTE WILHELMINE AMALIE LUISE] (1776-1810)

Louise Victorine Rucker . When the insurrection See also:

• BROKE, or BROOKE, ARTHUR (d. 1563)
• BROKE, SIR PHILIP BOWES VERE, BART

broke out in the See also:

• ELBE (the Albis of the Romans and the Labe of the Czechs)

Elbe duchies (1848) he See also:

• LEFT

left the Danish service, and offered his services to the provisional See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government of Kiel, an offer that was not accepted . In 1849, accordingly, he re-entered the service of Denmark, was appointed a royal See also:

• CHAMBERLAIN (0. Fr. chamberlain, chamberlenc, Mod. Fr. chambellan, from O. H. Ger. Chamarling, Chamarlinc, whence also the Med. Lat. cambellanus, camerlingus, camerlengus; Ital. camerlingo; Span. camerlengo, compounded of 0. H. Ger. Chamara, Kamara [Lat.
• CHAMBERLAIN, JOSEPH (1836— )
• CHAMBERLAIN, JOSHUA LAWRENCE (1828– )
• CHAMBERLAIN, SIR NEVILLE BOWLES (1820-1902)

chamberlain and in 185o sent to represent the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein at the restored federal See also:

• DIET

diet of See also:

• FRANKFORT

Frankfort . Here he came into intimate See also:

• TOUCH (derived through Fr. toucher from a common Teutonic and Indo-Germanic root, cf. " tug," " tuck," O. H. Ger. zucchen, to twitch or draw)

touch with See also:

• BISMARCK
• BISMARCK, OTTO EDUARD LEOPOLD VON, PRINCE

Bismarck; who admired his statesmanlike handling of the growing complications of the Schleswig-Holstein Question . With the See also:

• RADICAL (Lat. radix, a root)

radical " See also:

• EIDER
• EIDER (Icelandic, idur)

Eider-Dane " party he was utterly out of sympathy; and when, in 1862, this party gained the upper See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand, he was recalled from Frankfort . He now entered the service of the See also:

• GRAND

grand-See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• MECKLENBURG

Mecklenburg-See also:

• STRELITZ (Strjeltsi)

Strelitz, and remained at the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of the grand-ducal government until 1867, when he became plenipotentiary for the two Mecklenburg duchies in the See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council of the German See also:

• CONFEDERATION (Fr. confederation, Lat. confoederatio, from foedus, a league, foederare, to form a league)

Confederation (Bundesrat), where he distinguished himself by his successful See also:

• DEFENCE
• DEFENCE (Lat. defendere, to defend)

defence of the See also:

• MEDIEVAL

medieval constitution of the duchies against Liberal attacks . In 1873 Bismarck, who was in thorough sympathy with his views, persuaded him to enter the service of See also:

• PRUSSIA
• PRUSSIA (Ger. Preussen; Lat. Borussia)

Prussia as secretary of See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state for foreign affairs, and from this See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time till his See also:

• DEATH

death he was the See also:

• CHANCELLOR (M. Eng. and Anglo-Fr. canceler, chanceler, Fr. chancelier, Lat. cancellarius)

chancellor's most faithful henchman . In 1875 he was appointed Prussian plenipotentiary in the Bundesrat; in 1877 he became Bismarck's See also:

• LIEUTENANT

lieutenant in the secretaryship for foreign affairs of the See also:

• EMPIRE

Empire; and in 1878 he was, with Bismarck and See also:

• HOHENLOHE

Hohenlohe, Prussian plenipotentiary at the See also:

• CONGRESS (Lat. congressus, coming together, from congredi; cum, with, and gradus, step)

congress of Berlin . He died at Frankfort on the loth of See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1879, his end being hastened by his exertions in connexion with the political crisis of that See also:

• YEAR

year . Of his six sons the eldest, Bernhard Heinrich Karl (see below), became chancellor of the Empire .

See the See also:

• BIOGRAPHY (from the Gr. (3ios, life, and yp&4 , writing)

biography of H. von Petersdorff in Allgemeine deutsche Biographic, See also:

• BAND

Band 47, p . 350 .