See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

BARON VON See also:

• CHRISTIAN
• CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM (1608-1663)

CHRISTIAN See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

CHARLES JOSIAS See also:

• BARON VON CHRISTIAN CHARLES JOSIAS BUNSEN (1791-186o,)
• BUNSEN, ROBERT WILHELM VON (1811-1899)

BUNSEN (1791-186o,)  , Prussian diplomatist and See also:

• SCHOLAR, SCHOLARSHIP

scholar, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born on the 25th of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1791 at Korbach, an. old See also:

• TOWN

town in the little See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German principality of Waldeck . His See also:

• FATHER

father was a See also:

• FARMER, RICHARD (1735–1787)

farmer who was driven by poverty to become a soldier . Having studied at the Korbach See also:

• GRAMMAR (from Lat. grammatica, sc. ars; Gr. ypaµ)

grammar school and See also:

• MARBURG
• MARBURG, COLLOQUY OF (Marburger Religionsgesprach)

Marburg university, See also:

• BUNSEN, CHRISTIAN CHARLES JOSIAS, BARON VON (1791-186o,)
• BUNSEN, ROBERT WILHELM VON (1811-1899)

Bunsen went in his nineteenth See also:

• YEAR

year to See also:

• GOTTINGEN

Gottingen, where he supported himself by teaching and later by acting as See also:

• TUTOR (Lat. tutor, guardian, tueri, to watch over, protect)

tutor to W . B . See also:

• ASTOR, JOHN JACOB (1763-1848)

Astor, the See also:

• AMERICAN

American See also:

• MERCHANT (O. Fr. marcheant, modern marchand; from Lat. mercari, to trade, merx, goods, merchandise)

merchant . He won the university See also:

• PRIZE, or PRIZE OF WAR (Fr. prise, from prendre, to take)

prize See also:

• ESSAY, ESSAYIST (Fr. essai, Late Lat. exagium, a weighing or balance; exigere, to examine; the term in general meaning any trial or effort)

essay of the year 1812 by a See also:

• TREATISE

treatise on the Athenian See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

Law of See also:

• INHERITANCE

Inheritance, and a few months later the university of See also:

• JENA

Jena granted him the' honorary degree of See also:

• DOCTOR (Lat. for " teacher ")

doctor of See also:

• PHILOSOPHY (Gr. gthos, fond of, and vo4 (a, wisdom)

philosophy . During 1813 he travelled with Astor in See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

South See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany,. and then turned to the study of the See also:

• RELIGION
• RELIGION, FOLKLORE, CUSTOM

religion, See also:

• LAWS

laws, See also:

• LANGUAGE (adapted from the Fr. langage, from langue, tongue, Lat. lingua)

language and literature of the See also:

• TEUTONIC
• TEUTONIC (GERMANIC) LANGUAGES

Teutonic races . He had read See also:

• HEBREW

Hebrew when a boy, and now worked at Arabic at See also:

• MUNICH (Ger. Munchen)

Munich, See also:

• PERSIAN
• PERSIAN, SYRIAN, EGYPTIAN AND TURKISH

Persian at See also:

• LEIDEN

Leiden, and Norse at See also:

• COPENHAGEN (Danish Kjobenhavn)

Copenhagen . At the See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close of 1815 he went to See also:

• BERLIN
• BERLIN, CONGRESS AND TREATY OF
• BERLIN, ISAIAH (1725–1799)

Berlin, to See also:

• LAY

lay before See also:

• NIEBUHR, BARTHOLD GEORG (1776–1831)
• NIEBUHR, KARSTEN (1733-1815)

Niebuhr the See also:

• PLAN
• PLAN (from Lat. planes, flat)

plan of See also:

• RESEARCH (O. Fr. recerche, from recercher, re- and cercer, mod. chercher, to search; Late Lat. circare, to go round in a circle, to explore)

research which he had mapped out . Niebuhr was so impressed with Bunsen's ability that, two years later, when he became Prussian See also:

• ENVOY (Fr. envoye, " sent ")

envoy to the papal See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court, he made the See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young scholar his secretary . The intervening years Bunsen spent in assiduous labour among the See also:

• LIBRARIES

libraries and collections of See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris and See also:

• FLORENCE
• FLORENCE (Ital. Firenze, Lat. Florentia)

Florence . In See also:

• JULY

July 1817 he married Frances See also:

• WADDINGTON, WILLIAM HENRY (1826–1894)

Waddington, eldest daughter and co-heiress of B .

Waddington of Llanover, See also:

• MONMOUTHSHIRE

Monmouthshire . As secretary to Niebuhr, Bunsen was brought into contact with the Vatican See also:

• MOVEMENT

movement for the See also:

• ESTABLISHMENT (0. Fr. establissement, Fr. etablissement, late Norm. Fr. establishement, from O. Fr. establir, Fr. etablir, Lat. stabilire, to make stable)

establishment of the papal See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church in the Prussian dominions, to provide for the largely increased See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic See also:

• POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population . He was among the first to realize the importance of this new vitality on the See also:

• PART

part of the Vatican, and he made it his See also:

• DUTY (from " due," that which is owing, O. Fr. deu, dil, past participle of devoir; Lat. debere, debitum; cf. " debt ")

duty to provide against its possible dangers by urging upon the Prussian court the See also:

• WISDOM, BOOK OF, or WISDOM OF SOLOMON (Sept. Io4ia IaXwµwvos; Lat. Vulg. Liber sapientiae)

wisdom of See also:

• FAIR

fair and impartial treatment of its Catholic subjects . In this See also:

• OBJECT

object he was at first successful, and both from the Vatican and from See also:

• FREDERICK
• FREDERICK (Mod. Ger. Friedrich; Ital. Federigo; Fr. Frederic and Federic; M.H.G. Friderich; O.H.G. Fridurih, " king or lord of peace," from O.H.G. fridu, A.S. frith, " peace," and rfh " rich," " a ruler," for derivation of which see HENRY)

Frederick See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William III., who put him in See also:

• CHARGE
• CHARGE (through the Fr. from the Late Lat. carricare, to load in a carrus or wagon; cf. " cargo ")

charge of the See also:

• LEGATION (Lat. legalio, a sending or mission)

legation on Niebuhr's resignation, he received unqualified approbation . Owing partly to the See also:

• WISE, HENRY ALEXANDER (1806-1876)
• WISE, ISAAC MAYER (1819-1900)

wise statesmanship of See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

Count Spiegel, See also:

• ARCH
• ARCH, JOSEPH (1826– )

arch-See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop of See also:

• COLOGNE (Ger. Koln, or officially, since 1900, Coln)

Cologne, an arrangement was made by which the thorny question of " mixed " marriages (i.e. between Catholic and See also:

• PROTESTANT

Protestant) would have been happily solved; but the See also:

• ARCHBISHOP (Lat. archiepiscopus, from Gr. apxceatorcoros)

archbishop died in 1835, the arrangement was never ratified, and the Prussian See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king was foolish enough to appoint as Spiegel's successor the narrow-minded See also:

• PARTISAN, or PARTIZAN

partisan See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

Baron Droste . The See also:

• POPE (Gr. irarraas, post-classical Lat. papa, father)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1688–1744)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1763-1835)
• POPE, JANE (1742-1818)
• POPE, JOHN (1822-1892)
• POPE, SIR THOMAS (c. 1507-1559)

pope gladly accepted the See also:

• APPOINTMENT, POWER OF

appointment, and in two years the forward policy of the See also:

• JESUITS

Jesuits had brought about the strife which Bunsen and Spiegel had tried to prevent . Bunsen rashly recommended that Droste should be seized, but the coup was so clumsily attempted, that the incriminating documents were, it is said, destroyed in advance . The See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government, in this impasse, took the safest course, refused to support Bunsen, and accepted his resignation in See also:

• APRIL

April 1838 . After leaving See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome, where he had become intimate with all that was most interesting in the See also:

• COSMOPOLITAN (Gr. Kbvµos, world, and IroXirgs, citizen)

cosmopolitan society of the papal See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital, Bunsen went to See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, where, except for a See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short See also:

• TERM

term as Prussian See also:

• AMBASSADOR (also EMBASSADOR, the form sometimes still used in America; from the Fr. ambassadeur, with which compare Ital. ambasciatore and Span. embajador, all variants of the Med. Lat. ambassiator, ambassiator, ambasator, &c., derived from Med. Lat. amba

ambassador to See also:

• SWITZERLAND

Switzerland (1839–1841), he was destined to pass the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest of his See also:

• OFFICIAL (Late Lat. QJicialis, for class. Lat. apparitor, from officium, office, duty)

official See also:

• LIFE

life . The See also:

• ACCESSION (from Lat. accedere, to go to, to approach)

accession to the See also:

• THRONE

throne of See also:

• PRUSSIA
• PRUSSIA (Ger. Preussen; Lat. Borussia)

Prussia of Frederick William IV., on See also:

• JUNE

June 7th, 184o, made a See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

change in Bunsen's career . Ever since their first See also:

• MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)

meeting in 1828 the two men had been close See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

friends and had exchanged ideas in an intimate See also:

• CORRESPONDENCE
• CORRESPONDENCE (from med. scholastic Lat. correspondentia, corrcspondere, compounded of Lat. cum, with, and respond ere, to answer; cf. Fr. correspondance)

correspondence, published under See also:

• RANKE, LEOPOLD VON (1795-1886)

Ranke's editorship in 1873 . See also:

• ENTHUSIASM

Enthusiasm for evangelical religion and admiration for the See also:

• ANGLICAN

Anglican Church they held in See also:

• COMMON

common, and Bunsen was the See also:

• INSTRUMENT (Lat. instrumentum, from insincere, to build up, furnish, arrange, prepare)

instrument naturally selected for realizing the king's fantastic See also:

• SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)

scheme of setting up at See also:

• JERUSALEM (Heb. ^S0-r, Yerushalaim, pronounced as a dual)
• JERUSALEM, SYNOD OF (1672)

Jerusalem a Prusso-Anglican bishopric as a sort of See also:

• ADVERTISEMENT, or ADVERTISING (Fr. avertissement, warning, or notice)

advertisement of the unity and aggressive force of Protestantism .

The See also:

• SPECIAL

special See also:

• MISSION

mission of Bunsen to England, from June to See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1841, was completely successful, in spite of the opposition of See also:

• ENGLISH

English high churchmen and Lutheran extremists . The Jerusalem bishopric, with the consent of the See also:

• BRITISH

British government and the active encouragement of the archbishop of See also:

• CANTERBURY
• CANTERBURY, CHARLES

Canterbury and the bishop of See also:

• LONDON

London; was duly established, endowed with Prussian and English See also:

• MONEY

money, and remained for some See also:

• FORTY

forty years an isolated See also:

• SYMBOL (Gr. o-uµ(3oXov, a sign)

symbol of Protestant unity and a See also:

• ROCK
• ROCK (O.Fr. rake, Sp. rota, Ital. rocca; possibly from a Lat. form rupica, from rupes, rock)
• ROCK, DANIEL (1799–187t)

rock of stumbling to Anglican Catholics . During his stay in England Bunsen had made himself very popular among all classes of society, and he was selected by See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

Queen See also:

• VICTORIA
• VICTORIA (or VITTORIA), TOMMASSO LUDOVICO DA (C. I540-C. 1613)
• VICTORIA [ALEXANDRINA VICTORIA]

Victoria, out of three names proposed by the king of . Prussia, as ambassador to the court of St See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James's . In this See also:

• POST

post he remained for thirteen years . His See also:

• TENURE (Fr. tenure, from Lat. tenere, to hold)

tenure of the See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office coincided with the See also:

• CRITICAL (in alphabetical order of authors)

critical See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period in Prussian and See also:

• EUROPEAN

European affairs which culminated in the revolutions of 1848 . With the visionary schemes of Frederick William, whether that of setting up a strict episcopal organization in the Evangelical Church, or that of reviving the defunct ideal of the See also:

• MEDIEVAL

medieval See also:

• EMPIRE

Empire, Bunsen found himself increasingly out of sympathy . He realized the significance of the signs that' heralded the coming See also:

• STORM (in O. Eng..storm, and so in Du. and Low Ger.; in O. H. Ger. and mod. Ger. Sturm; the root is probably that seen in " stir," to rouse, move, disturb, cf. Ger. storen)
• STORM, THEODOR WOLDSEN (1817-1888)

storm, and tried invain to move the king to a policy which would have placed him at the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of a Germany See also:

• UNITED

united and See also:

• FREE

free . He See also:

• FELT (cognate with Ger. Filz, Du. vilt, Swed. and Dan. fill; the root is unknown; the word has given Med. Lat. filtrum, " filter ")

felt bitterly the humiliation of Prussia by See also:

• AUSTRIA
• AUSTRIA, LOWER (Ger. Niederosterreich or Osterreich unter der Enns, " Austria below the river Enns ")
• AUSTRIA, UPPER (Ger. Oberosterreich or Osterreich ob der Enns, " Austria above the river Enns ")

Austria after the victory of the reaction; and in 1852 he set his See also:

• SIGNATURE (through Fr. from Lat. signature, signare, to sign, signum, mark, token, sign)

signature reluctantly to the treaty which, in his view, surrendered the " constitutional rights of See also:

• SCHLESWIG (Dan. Slesvig)

Schleswig and See also:

• HOLSTEIN
• HOLSTEIN, FRIEDRICH VON (1837–1909)

Holstein." His whole See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence was now directed to withdrawing Prussia from the blighting influence of Austria and See also:

• RUSSIA
• RUSSIA (Rossiya)

Russia, and attempting to draw closer the ties that See also:

• BOUND, or BOUNDARY (from O. Fr. bonde, Med. Lat. bodena or butina, a frontier line)

bound her to Great See also:

• BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain . On the outbreak of the See also:

• CRIMEAN

Crimean See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War he urged Frederick William to throw in his See also:

• LOT
• LOT (Lat. Oltis)

lot with the western See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers, and create a diversion in the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north-See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east which would have forced Russia at once to terms . The rejection of his See also:

• ADVICE (Fr. avis, from Lat. ad, to, and visum, viewed)

advice, and the See also:

• PROCLAMATION (Lat. proclamare, to make public by announcement)

proclamation of Prussia's attitude of ", benevolent See also:

• NEUTRALITY

neutrality," led him in April 1854 to offer his resignation, which was accepted . Bunsen's life as a public See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man was now practically at an end .

He retired first to a See also:

• VILLA

villa on the See also:

• NECKAR

Neckar near See also:

• HEIDELBERG

Heidelberg and later to See also:

• BONN

Bonn . He refused to stand for a seat, in the Liberal See also:

• INTEREST

interest, in the See also:

• LOWER

Lower See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

House of the Prussian See also:

• DIET

diet, but continued to take an active interest in politics, and in 1855 published in two volumes a See also:

• WORK

work, See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

Die Zeichen der Zeit: Briefe, ere., which exercised an immense influence in reviving the Liberal movement which the failure of the revolution had crushed . In See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 1857 Bunsen attended, as the king's See also:

• GUEST (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Gast, and Swed. gust; cognate with Lat. hostis, originally a stranger, hence enemy; cf. " host " )
• GUEST, EDWIN (1800–188o)

guest, a meeting of the Evangelical See also:

• ALLIANCE

Alliance at Berlin; and one of the last papers signed by Frederick William, before his mind gave way in See also:

• OCTOBER

October, was that which conferred upon him the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of baron and a See also:

• PEERAGE
• PEERAGE (Fr. pairage, med. Lat. paragium; M.E. Pere, 0. Fr. per, peer, later pair; Lat. Paris, " equal ")

peerage for life . In 1858, at the special See also:

• REQUEST, LETTERS OF

request of the See also:

• REGENT (from Lat. regere, to rule)

regent (afterwards the See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor) William, he took his seat in the Prussian Upper House, and, though remaining silent, supported the new See also:

• MINISTRY

ministry, of which his See also:

• POLITICAL

political and See also:

• PERSONAL

personal friends were members . ; See also:

• LITERARY

Literary work was, however, his See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main preoccupationduring all this period . Two discoveries of See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient See also:

• MSS

MSS. made during his stay in London, the one containing a shorter See also:

• TEXT (Lat. textum, woven fabric, from texere, to weave)

text of the Epistles of St See also:

• IGNATIUS ('Iyvfrior)

Ignatius, and the other an unknown work On all the Heresies, by Bishop See also:

• HIPPOLYTUS
• HIPPOLYTUS, THE CANONS OF

Hippolytus, had already led him to write his Hippolytus and his See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

Age: See also:

• DOCTRINE

Doctrine and Practice of Rome under See also:

• COMMODUS, LUCIUS AELIUS AURELIUS (161-192)

Commodus and See also:

• SEVERUS
• SEVERUS, SULPICIUS (c. 363–c. 425)

Severus (1852) . He now concentrated all his efforts upon a See also:

• TRANSLATION

translation of the See also:

• BIBLE
• BIBLE, ENGLISH

Bible with commentaries . While this was in preparation he published his See also:

• GOD

God in See also:

• HISTORY

History, in which he contends that the progress of mankind See also:

• MARCHES, THE (It. Le Marche)

marches parallel to the conception of God formed within each nation by the highest exponents of its thought . At the same See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time he carried through the See also:

• PRESS (through Fr. presse from Lat. pressare, frequentative of premere, to crush, squeeze, press)

press, assisted by See also:

• SAMUEL

Samuel See also:

• BIRCH
• BIRCH (Betula)
• BIRCH, SAMUEL (1813–1885)
• BIRCH, THOMAS (1705-1766)

Birch, theconcluding volumes of his work (published in English as well as in German) See also:

• EGYPT

Egypt's See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

Place in Universal History—containing a reconstruction of See also:

• EGYPTIAN

Egyptian See also:

• CHRONOLOGY (Gr. xpovo?oyfa, computation of time, xp6vos)

chronology, together with an See also:

• ATTEMPT (Lat. adtemptare, attentare, to try)

attempt to determine the relation in which the language and the religion of that See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country stand to the development of each among the more ancient non-See also:

• ARYAN

Aryan and Aryan races . His ideas on this subject were most fully See also:

• DEVELOPED

developed in two volumes published in London before he quitted England—Outlines of the Philosophy of Universal History as applied to Language and Religion (2 vols., 1854) . In 1858 Bunsen's See also:

• HEALTH

health began to fail; visits to See also:

• CANNES

Cannes in 1858 and 1859 brought no improvement, and he died on November 28th, !86o . One of his last See also:

• REQUESTS, COURT OF

requests having been that his wife would write down recollections of their common life, she published his See also:

• MEMOIRS

Memoirs in 1868, which contain much of his private correspondence .

The German translation ; of these Memoirs has added extracts from unpublished documents, throwing a new See also:

• LIGHT

light upon the political events in which he played a part . Baron See also:

• HUMBOLDT, FRIEDRICH HEINRICH ALEXANDER, BARON
• HUMBOLDT, KARL WILHELM VON (1767-1835)

Humboldt's letters to Bunsen were printed in 1869 . Bunsen's English connexion, both through his wife (d . 1876) and through his own See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long See also:

• RESIDENCE (Latin residere, to remain behind, to dwell, reside)

residence in London, was further in-creased in his See also:

• FAMILY

family . He had ten See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children, including five: sons, See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry (1818–1855), Ernest (1819–1903), Karl ,(1821-1887), Georg (1824–1896) and Theodor (-1832-1892) . Of these Karl (See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles) and Theodor had careers in the German See also:

• DIPLOMATIC

diplomatic service; and Georg, who for some time was an active politician in Germany, eventually retired to live in London; Henry, who was an English clergyman, became a naturalized Englishman, and Ernest, who in 1845 married an Englishwoman, See also:

• MISS

Miss See also:

• GURNEY
• GURNEY, EDMUND (1847—1888)

Gurney, subsequently resided and died in London . The See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form of " de " Bunsen was adopted for the surname in England . Ernest de Bunseh was a scholarly writer, who published various See also:

• WORKS

works both in German and in English, notably on Biblical chronology and other questions of See also:

• COMPARATIVE

comparative religion . His son, See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• MAURICE (1521–1553)
• MAURICE (MAURICIUS FLAVIUS TIBERIUS) (c. 539–602)
• MAURICE [or MAURITIUS], ST (d. c. 286)
• MAURICE, JOHN FREDERICK DENISON (1805-1872)

Maurice de Bunsen (b . 1852), entered the English diplomatic service in 1877, and after a varied experience became See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister at See also:

• LISBON (Lisboa)

Lisbon in 1905 . See also L. von Ranke, Aus dem Briefwechsel See also:

• FRIEDRICH, JOHANN (1836— )

Friedrich Wilhelms TV. mit Bunsen (Berlin, 1873) . The See also:

• BIOGRAPHY (from the Gr. (3ios, life, and yp&4 , writing)

biography in the 9th edition of this See also:

• ENCYCLOPAEDIA

encyclopaedia, which has been See also:

• DRAWN

drawn upon above, was by Georg von Bunsen .