GOTTFRIED See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

AUGUST See also:

• GOTTFRIED AUGUST BURGER (1748-1794)

BURGER (1748-1794)  , See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German poet, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born on the 1st of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1748 at Molmerswende near See also:

• HALBERSTADT

Halberstadt, of which See also:

• VILLAGE

village his See also:

• FATHER

father was the Lutheran pastor: He was a backward See also:

• CHILD
• CHILD, FRANCIS JAMES (1825-1896)
• CHILD, L
• CHILD, LYDIA MARIA (1802-1880)
• CHILD, SIR FRANCIS (1642-1713)
• CHILD, SIR JOHN (d. 1690)
• CHILD, SIR JOSIAH (163o - 1699)

child, and at the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of twelve was practically adopted by his maternal grandfather, See also:

• BAUER, BRUNO (1809-1882)

Bauer, at See also:

• ASCHERSLEBEN

Aschersleben, who sent him to the Pddagogium at See also:

• HALLE (known as HALLE-AN-DER-SAALE, t0 distinguish it from the small town of Halle in Westphalia)
• HALLE, SIR CHARLES (originally KARL HALLE) (1819-1895)

Halle . Hence in 1764 he passed to the university, as a student of See also:

• THEOLOGY

theology, which, however, he soon abandoned for the study of See also:

• JURISPRUDENCE (Lat. jurisprudenlia, knowledge of law, from jus, right, and prudentia, from providere, to foresee)
• JURISPRUDENCE, COMPARATIVE

jurisprudence . Here he See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell under the See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence of C . A . See also:

• KLOTZ, REINHOLD (1807-1870)

Klotz (1738-1771), who directed See also:

• BURGER, GOTTFRIED AUGUST (1748-1794)

Burger's See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention to literature, but encouraged rather than discouraged his natural disposition to a See also:

• WILD, JONATHAN (c. 1682-1725)

wild and unregulated See also:

• LIFE

life . In consequence of his dissipated habits, he was in 1767 recalled by his grandfather, but on promising to reform was in 1768 allowed to enter the university of See also:

• GOTTINGEN

Gottingen as a See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law student . As he continued his wild career, however, his grandfather withdrew his support and he was See also:

• LEFT

left to his own devices . Meanwhile he had made See also:

• FAIR

fair progress with his legal studies, and had the See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good See also:

• FORTUNE, ROBERT (1813-188o)

fortune to See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form a See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close friend-See also:

• SHIP

ship with a number of See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young men of See also:

• LITERARY

literary tastes . In the Gottingen Musenalmanach, edited by H . See also:

• BOIE, HEINRICH CHRISTIAN (1744-1806)

Boie and F . W . See also:

• GOTTER, FRIEDRICH WILHELM (1746-1797)

Gotter, Burger's first poems were published, and by 1771 he had already become widely known as a poet .

In 1772, through Boie's influence, Burger obtained the See also:

• POST

post of " Amtmann " or See also:

• DISTRICT

district See also:

• MAGISTRATE (Lat. magistratus, from magister, master, properly a public office, hence the person holding such an office)

magistrate at Altengleichen near Gottingen . His grandfather was now reconciled to him, paid his debts and established him in his new See also:

• SPHERE (Gr. vclsa?pa, a ball or globe)

sphere of activity . Meanwhile he kept in See also:

• TOUCH (derived through Fr. toucher from a common Teutonic and Indo-Germanic root, cf. " tug," " tuck," O. H. Ger. zucchen, to twitch or draw)

touch with his Gottingen See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

friends, and when the " Gottinger Bund " or " Hain " was formed, Burger, though not himself a member, kept in close touch with it . In 1773 the ballad Lenore was published in the Musenalmanach . This poem, which in dramatic force and in its vivid realization of the weird and supernatural remains without a See also:

• RIVAL

rival, made his name a See also:

• HOUSEHOLD, ROYAL

household word in See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany . In 1774 Burger married Dorette Leonhart, the daughter of a Hanoverian See also:

• OFFICIAL (Late Lat. QJicialis, for class. Lat. apparitor, from officium, office, duty)

official; but his See also:

• PASSION (post-classical Lat. passio, formed from pati, passus, to suffer, endure)

passion for his wife's younger See also:

• SISTER

sister Auguste (the " Molly " of his poems and elegies) rendered the See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

union unhappy and unsettled his life . In 1778 Burger became editor of the Musenalmanach, and in the same See also:

• YEAR

year published the first collection of his poems . In 178o he took a See also:

• FARM

farm at Appenrode, but in three years lost so much See also:

• MONEY

money that he had to abandon the venture . Pecuniary troubles oppressed him, and being accused of neglecting his official duties, and feeling his See also:

• HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

honour attacked, he gave up his official position and removed in 1784 to Gottingen, where he established himself as Privat-docent . Shortly before his removal thither his wife died (30th of See also:

• JULY

July 1784), and on the 29th of See also:

• JUNE

June in the next year he married his sister-in-law " Molly." Her See also:

• DEATH

death on the 9th of January 1786 affected him deeply . He appeared to lose at once all courage and all bodily and See also:

• MENTAL

mental vigour . He still continued to See also:

• TEACH [THATCH OR THACH], EDWARD (d. 1718)

teach in Gottingen; at the See also:

• JUBILEE (or JUBILE), YEAR OF

jubilee of the See also:

• FOUNDATION (Lat. fundatio, from fundare, to found)

foundation of the university in 1787 he was made an honorary See also:

• DOCTOR (Lat. for " teacher ")

doctor of See also:

• PHILOSOPHY (Gr. gthos, fond of, and vo4 (a, wisdom)

philosophy, and in 1789 was appointed extraordinary See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

professor in that See also:

• FACULTY (through the French, from the Lat. facultas, ability to do anything, from facilis, easy, facere, to do; another form of the word in Lat. facilitas, facility, ease, keeps the original meaning)

faculty, though without a See also:

• STIPEND

stipend .

In the following year he married a third See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time, his wife being a certain Elise See also:

• HAHN, AUGUST (1792–1863)

Hahn, who, enchanted with his poems, had offered him her See also:

• HEART
• HEART, LUNG

heart and See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand . Only a few See also:

• WEEKS, EDWIN LORD (1849-1903)

weeks of married life with his " Schwabenmadchen " sufficed to prove his See also:

• MISTAKE (i.e. take amiss)

mistake, and after two and a See also:

• HALF

half years he divorced her . Deeply wounded by See also:

• SCHILLER, JOHANN CHRISTOPH FRIEDRICH VON (1759-18o5)

Schiller's See also:

• CRITICISM
• CRITICISM (from the Gr. KpiTrlS, a judge, Kpivew, to decide, to give an authoritative opinion)

criticism, in the 14th and 15th See also:

• PART

part of the Allgeme2ne Literaturzeitung of 1791, of the 2nd edition of his poems, disappointed, wrecked in fortune and See also:

• HEALTH

health, Burger eked out a See also:

• PRECARIOUS

precarious existence as a teacher in Gottingen until his death there on the 8th of June 1794 . Burger's See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character, in spite of his utter want of moral See also:

• BALANCE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. bilantia, an apparatus for weighing, from bi, two, and lanx, a dish or scale)

balance, was not lacking in See also:

• NOBLE, SIR ANDREW (1832- )

noble and lovable qualities . He was honest in purpose, generous to a See also:

• FAULT (Mid. Eng. faute, through the French, from the popular Latin use of fallere, to fail; the originallof the Latin being replaced in English in the 15th century)

fault, See also:

• TENDER

tender-hearted and modest . His See also:

• TALENT (Lat. talentum, adaptation of Gr. TaXavrov, balance, ! Recollections of a First Visit to the Alps (1841); Vacation Rambles weight, from root raX-, to lift, as in rXi vac, to bear, 1-aXas, and Thoughts, comprising recollections of three Continental

talent for popular See also:

• POETRY

poetry was very considerable, and his See also:

• BALLADS

ballads are among the finest in the German See also:

• LANGUAGE (adapted from the Fr. langage, from langue, tongue, Lat. lingua)

language . Besides Lenore, Das Lied vom braven Manne, See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

Die Kuh, Der Kaiser and der See also:

• ABT, FRANZ (1819-1885)

Abt and Der See also:

• WILDE, OSCAR

wilde See also:

• JAGER, GUSTAV (1832– )

Jager are famous . Among his purely lyrical poems, but few have earned a lasting reputation; but mention may be made of Das Bliimchen Wunderhold, Lied an den lieben See also:

• MOND, LUDWIG (1839-1909)

Mond, and a few love songs . His sonnets, particularly the elegies, are of See also:

• GREAT

great beauty . See also:

• EDITIONS

Editions of Burger's Samtliche Schriften appeared at Gottingen, 1817 (incomplete) ; 1829–1833 (8 vols.), and 1835 (one vol.) ; also a selection by E . Grisebach (5th ed., 1894) . The Gedichte have been published in innumerable editions, the best being that by A .

Sauer (2 vols., 1884) . Briefe von and an Burger were edited by A . Strodtmann in 4 vols . (1874) . On Burger's life see the See also:

• BIOGRAPHY (from the Gr. (3ios, life, and yp&4 , writing)

biography by H . PNihle (1856), the introduction to Sauer's edition of the poems, and W. von Wurzbach, G . A . Burger (1900) .