See also:

• ANSON, GEORGE ANSON, BARON (1697-1762)

ANSON See also:

• ANSON BURLINGAME (182o–187o)

BURLINGAME (182o–187o)  , See also:

• AMERICAN

American legislator and diplomat, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in New See also:

• BERLIN
• BERLIN, CONGRESS AND TREATY OF
• BERLIN, ISAIAH (1725–1799)

Berlin, Chenango See also:

• COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

county, New See also:

• YORK
• YORK (HOUSE OF)
• YORK, EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF (1341-1402)
• YORK, EDWARD
• YORK, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF (1763-1827)
• YORK, RICHARD, DUKE

York, on the 14th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 182o . In 1823 his parents took him to See also:

• OHIO

Ohio, and about ten years afterwards to See also:

• MICHIGAN
• MICHIGAN, LAKE
• MICHIGAN, UNIVERSITY OF

Michigan . In 1838–1841 he studied in one of the " branches " of the university of Michigan, and in 1846 graduated at the Harvard See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law school . He practised law in See also:

• BOSTON
• BOSTON, THOMAS (1676-1732)

Boston, and won a wide reputation by his speeches for the See also:

• FREE

Free See also:

• SOIL

Soil party in 1848 . He was a member of the See also:

• MASSACHUSETTS (an Indian name, originally applied to a tribe of Indians)

Massachusetts constitutional See also:

• CONVENTION (Lat. conventio, an assembly or agreement, from convenire, to come together)
• CONVENTION, THE NATIONAL

convention in 1853, of the See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state See also:

• SENATE (Lat. senatus, from root sen-, as in senex, old; the root is the Sanskrit sana, cf. Gr. 'vos; the same element appears in senor, seigneur, seneschal)

senate in 1853–1854, and of the See also:

• NATIONAL

national See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

House of Representatives from 1855 to 1861, being elected for the first See also:

• TERM

term as a " Know Nothing " and afterwards as a member of the new Republican party, which he helped to organize in Massachusetts . He was an effective debater in the House, and for his impassioned denunciation (See also:

• JUNE

June 21, 1856) of See also:

• PRESTON
• PRESTON, JOHN (1587-1628)

Preston S . See also:

• BROOKS, CHARLES WILLIAM SHIRLEY (1816-1874)
• BROOKS, PHILLIPS (1835-1893)

Brooks (1819–1857),. for his See also:

• ASSAULT (from Lat. ad, to or on, and saltare, to leap)

assault upon Senator See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles See also:

• SUMNER, CHARLES (1811--1874)
• SUMNER, CHARLES RICHARD (1790-1874)
• SUMNER, EDWIN VOSE (1797-1863)
• SUMNER, JOHN BIRD (1780-1862)
• SUMNER, WILLIAM GRAHAM (1840-1910)

Sumner, was challenged by Brooks . See also:

• BURLINGAME, ANSON (182o–187o)

Burlingame accepted the See also:

• CHALLENGE (O. Fr. chalonge, calenge, &c., from Lat. calumnia, originally meaning trickery, from calvi, to deceive, hence a false accusation, a " calumny ")

challenge and specified rifles as the weapons to be used; his second See also:

• CHOSE (Fr. for " thing ")

chose See also:

• NAVY

Navy See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

Island, above the See also:

• NIAGARA
• NIAGARA, FORT

Niagara Falls, and in See also:

• CANADA

Canada, as the See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place for the See also:

• MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)

meeting . Brooks, however, refused these conditions, saying that he could not reach the place designated " without See also:

• RUNNING

running the See also:

• GAUNTLET (a diminutive of the Fr. gant, glove)

gauntlet of mobs and assassins, prisons and penitentiaries, bailiffs and constables." To Burlingame's See also:

• APPOINTMENT, POWER OF

appointment as See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister to See also:

• AUSTRIA
• AUSTRIA, LOWER (Ger. Niederosterreich or Osterreich unter der Enns, " Austria below the river Enns ")
• AUSTRIA, UPPER (Ger. Oberosterreich or Osterreich ob der Enns, " Austria above the river Enns ")

Austria (See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 22, 1861) the See also:

• AUSTRIAN

Austrian authorities objected because in See also:

• CONGRESS (Lat. congressus, coming together, from congredi; cum, with, and gradus, step)

Congress he had advocated the recognition of See also:

• SARDINIA (Gr. 'IXs'o"uva, from a fancied resemblance to a footprint in its shape, Ital. Sardegna)

Sardinia as a first-class See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power and had championed Hungarian See also:

• INDEPENDENCE
• INDEPENDENCE, DECLARATION OF
• INDEPENDENCE, WAR OF

independence . See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

President See also:

• LINCOLN
• LINCOLN, ABRAHAM (1809-1865)
• LINCOLN, EARLS OF

Lincoln thereupon appointed him (June 14, 1861) minister to See also:

• CHINA

China . This See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office he held until November 1867, when he resigned and was immediately appointed (November 26) See also:

• ENVOY (Fr. envoye, " sent ")

envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head a See also:

• CHINESE, JAPANESE AND

Chinese See also:

• DIPLOMATIC

diplomatic See also:

• MISSION

mission to the See also:

• UNITED

United States and the See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal See also:

• EUROPEAN

European nations . The See also:

• EMBASSY

embassy, which included two Chinese ministers, an See also:

• ENGLISH

English and a See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French secretary, six students from the Tung-wan Kwang at See also:

• PEKING, or PEKIN

Peking, and a consider-able See also:

• RETINUE (O. Fr. retenue, from retenir, Lat. retenere, hold back, retain)

retinue, arrived in the United States in March 1868, and concluded at See also:

• WASHINGTON
• WASHINGTON (or WASHINGTON COURT HOUSE)
• WASHINGTON, BOOKER TALIAFERRO (c. 1859– )
• WASHINGTON, BUSHROD (1762-1829)
• WASHINGTON, GEORGE (1732-1799)

Washington (28th of See also:

• JULY

July 1868) a See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of articles, supplementary to the See also:

• REED
• REED, ANDREW (1787-1862)
• REED, ISAAC (1742—1807)
• REED, JOSEPH (1741—1785)
• REED, THOMAS BRACKETT (1839—1902)

Reed Treaty of 1858, and later known as " The Burlingame Treaty." Ratifications of the treaty were not exchanged at Peking until November 23, 1869 .

The "Burlingame Treaty" recognizes China's right of eminent domain over all her territory, gives China the right to appoint at ports in the United States consuls, " who shall enjoy the same privileges and immunities as those enjoyed by the consuls of See also:

• GREAT

Great See also:

• BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain and See also:

• RUSSIA
• RUSSIA (Rossiya)

Russia "; provides that " citizens of the United States in China of every religious persuasion and Chinese subjects in the United States shall enjoy entire See also:

• LIBERTY (Lat. libertas, from liber, free)

liberty of See also:

• CON

con-See also:

• SCIENCE (Lat. scientia, from scire; to learn, know)

science and shall be exempt from all See also:

• DISABILITY

disability or persecution on See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of their religious faith or See also:

• WORSHIP (i.e. " worth-ship," O. Eng. weor8scipe)

worship in either See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country "; and grants certain privileges to citizens of either country residing in the other, the See also:

• PRIVILEGE

privilege of See also:

• NATURALIZATION

naturalization, however, being specifically withheld . After leaving the United States, the embassy visited several See also:

• CONTINENTAL

continental capitals, but made no definite See also:

• TREATIES

treaties . Burlingame's speeches did much to awaken See also:

• INTEREST

interest in, and a more intelligent appreciation of, China's attitude toward the outside See also:

• WORLD

world . He died suddenly at St See also:

• PETERSBURG

Petersburg, on the 23rd of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 187o . His son See also:

• EDWARD

Edward See also:

• LIVERMORE, MARY ASHTON [RICE] (1821-1905)

Livermore Burlingame (b . 1848) was educated at Harvard and at See also:

• HEIDELBERG

Heidelberg, was a member of the editorial See also:

• STAFF (O. Eng. staef, cf. Du. staf, Ger. Stab, &c.; Icel. stafr meant also a written letter, and O. Eng. stafas, the letters of the alphabet; " stave," one of the thin pieces of wood of which a cask is made, is a doublet)

staff of the New York See also:

• TRIBUNE (med. Lat. tribune, from classical Lat. tribunal)

Tribune in 1871–1872 and of the American Cyclopaedia in 1872–1876, and in 1886 became the editor of Scribner's See also:

• MAGAZINE

Magazine .