See also:

• CAJAMARCA, or CAXAMARCA

CAJAMARCA, or CAXAMARCA  , a See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city of See also:

• NORTHERN

northern See also:

• PERU
• PERU (apparently from Biru, a small river on the west coast of Colombia, where Pizarro landed)

Peru, See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital of a See also:

• DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

department and See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province of the same name, go m . E. by N. of Pacasmayo, its See also:

• PORT

port on the Pacific See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast . Pop . (1906, estimate) of the department, 333,310; of the city, 9000 . The city is situated in an elevated valley between the Central and Western Cordilleras, 9400 ft. above See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea level, and on the Eriznejas, a small tributary of the Maranon . The streets are wide and See also:

• CROSS

cross at right angles; the houses are generally See also:

• LOW, SETH (1850- )
• LOW, WILL HICOK (1853- )

low and built of See also:

• CLAY (from O. Eng. claeg, a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Klei)
• CLAY, CASSIUS MARCELLUS (1810-1903)
• CLAY, CHARLES (1801–1893)
• CLAY, FREDERIC (1838–1889)
• CLAY, HENRY (1777–1852)

clay . Among the notable public buildings are the old See also:

• PARISH (Gr. irapouda, district, neighbourhood; 7r&poucos, one dwelling near or beside, from crap&, OtKOS, house; Lat. paroecur, Late Lat. parochia; cf. Fr. paroisse)

parish See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church built at the expense of See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles II. of See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain, the church of See also:

• SAN

San See also:

• ANTONIO
• ANTONIO (1429—1498)
• ANTONIO, NICOLAS (1617-1684)

Antonio, a Franciscan monastery, a nunnery, and the remains of the See also:

• PALACE (Lat. Palatium, the name given by Augustus to his residence on the Palatine Hill)

palace of Atahualpa, the Inca ruler whom See also:

• PIZARRO, FRANCISCO (c. 1471 or 1475-1541)

Pizarro treacherously captured and executed in this See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place in 1533 . The hot See also:

• SULPHUR

sulphur springs of Pultamarca, called the Banos del Inca (Inca's See also:

• BATHS

baths) are a See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short distance See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east of the city and are still frequented . See also:

• CAJAMARCA, or CAXAMARCA

Cajamarca is an important commercial and manufacturing See also:

• TOWN

town, being the distributing centre for a large inland region, and having See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long-established manufactures of woollen and See also:

• LINEN

linen goods, and of See also:

• METAL
• METAL (through Fr. from Lat. metallum, mine, quarry, adapted from Gr. µATaXAov, in the same sense, probably connected with ,ueraAAdv, to search after, explore, µeTa, after, aAAos, other)

metal See also:

• WORK

work, See also:

• LEATHER (a word which appears in all Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Leder, Dutch leer or leder, Swed. leder, and in such Celtic forms as Welsh llader)
• LEATHER, ARTIFICIAL

leather, etc . It is the seat of one of the seven See also:

• SUPERIOR

superior courts of the See also:

• REPUBLIC (Lat. respublica, a commonweal or common-wealth)

republic, and is connected with the coast by See also:

• TELEGRAPH (Gr. Tike, far, and rypaq5eiv, to write)

telegraph and See also:

• TELEPHONE (Gr. rjXs, far, and dxwvr7, voice)

telephone . A railway has been under-taken from Pacasmayo, on the coast, to Cajamarca, and by 1908 was completed as far as Yonan, 6o m. from its starting-point . The department of Cajamarca lies between the Western and Central Cordilleras and extends from the frontier of See also:

• ECUADOR (officially La Republica del Ecuador)

Ecuador S. to about 7° S. iat., having the departments of See also:

• PIURA

Piura and See also:

• LAMBAYEQUE

Lambayeque on the W. and See also:

• AMAZONAS

Amazonas on the E .

Its See also:

• AREA

area according to See also:

• OFFICIAL (Late Lat. QJicialis, for class. Lat. apparitor, from officium, office, duty)

official returns is 12,542 sq. m . The upper Maranon traverses the department from S. to N . The department is an elevated region, well watered with a large number of small streams whose See also:

• WATERS, TERRITORIAL

waters eventually find their way through the See also:

• AMAZON

Amazon into the See also:

• ATLANTIC

Atlantic . Many of its productions are of the temperate See also:

• ZONE (Gr. 'WV77, a girdle, from 'wvvLvay to gird)

zone, and considerable See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention is given to See also:

• CATTLE (Norman Fr. catel, from Late Lat. capitale, wealth or property, a word applied in the feudal system to movable property and particularly to live stock, and surviving in its wider meaning as " chattel " or " chattle ")

cattle-raising . See also:

• COAL

Coal is found in the province of Hualgayoc at the See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern extremity of the department, which is also one of the See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich See also:

• SILVER

silver-See also:

• MINING

mining districts of Peru . Next to its capital the most important town of the department is Cajamarquilla, whose See also:

• POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population was about 6000 in 1906 .