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CALEDONIAN CANAL

CALENBERG, or KALENBERG

CALENDER (r) (Fr. calendre, from the Med. Lat. calendra, a corruption of the Latinized form of the Gr. Ku)Xtvrpos, a cylinder)

QUINTUS FUFIUS CALENUS

AMBROGIO CALEPINO (1435-1511)

THE GOLDEN CALF

JOHN CALDWELL CALHOUN (1782-185o)

LOWER CALIFORNIA (Baja California)

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA

GEORG CALIXTUS (1586-1656)

CALIXTUS, or CALLISTUS

CALL (from Anglo-Saxon ceallian, a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch kallen, to talk or chatter)

JOHN WALL CALLCOTT (1766-1821)

SIR AUGUSTUS WALL CALLCOTT (1779-1844)

CALLISTHENES (c. 360–328 B.C.)

JACQUES CALLOT (1592-1635)

CALLOVIAN (from Callovium, the Latinized form of Kellaways, a village not far from Chippenham in Wiltshire)

ANTOINE AUGUSTIN CALMET (1672–1757)

CHARLES ALEXANDRE DE CALONNE (1734-1802)

CALORESCENCE (from the Lat. calor, heat)

ABRAHAM CALOVIUS (1612-1686)

TITUS CALPURNIUS

CALTROP (from the Mid. Eng. calketrappe, probably derived from the Lat. calx, a heel, and trappa, Late Lat. for a snare)

CALUMET (Norm. Fr. form of chalumet, from Lat. calamus, a reed)

DENIS CALVART (1540-1619)

EMMA CALVE (1864– )

CHARLES STUART CALVERLEY (1831–1884)

FREDERICK CRACE CALVERT (1819–1873)

BART SIR HARRY CALVERT

JOHN CALVIN (1509-1564)

CALVINISTIC METHODISTS

SETHUS CALVISIUS (1556-1615)

CARLOS CALVO (1824-1906)

CALYDON (Kaw&iav)

CAM (CAO), DIOGO (fl. 1480-1486)

JUAN FRANCISCO CAMACHO (1824-1896)

CAMALDULIANS, or CAMALDOLESE

MARIE ANNE DE CUPIS DE CAMARGO (1710-1770)

CAMARGUE (Insula Camaria)

JEAN JACQUES REGIS DE CAMBACERES

CAMBER (derived through the Fr. from Lat. camera, vault)

ROBERT CAMBERT (1628-1677)

LUCA CAMBIASI (1527-1585)

PIERRE JOSEPH CAMBON (1756-1820)

PIERRE PAUL CAMBON (1843– )

CAMBRIAN SYSTEM

CAMBRIDGE PLATONISTS

EARLS AND DUKES OF CAMBRIDGE

RICHARD OWEN CAMBRIDGE (1717-1802)

CAMBYSES (528-521)

CAMBYSES (Pers. Kambujiya)

1ST EARL CHARLES PRATT CAMDEN (1714-1794)

2ND EARL JOHN JEFFREYS PRATT CAMDEN

WILLIAM CAMDEN (1551-1623)

CAMEL (from the Arabic Djemal or the Heb. Gamal)

1ST BARON THOMAS PITT CAMELFORD (1737_1793)

CAMERA (a Latin adaptation of Gr. Kagapa, an arched chamber)

JOACHIM CAMERARIUS (1500-1574)

JOACHIM CAMERARIUS (1534-1598)

RUDOLF JAKOB CAMERARIUS (1665–1721)

CAMERINO (anc. Camerinum)

SIR EWEN CAMERON OF LOCHIEL (1629-1719)

JOHN CAMERON (1579–1623)

RICHARD CAMERON (1648?–168o)

SIMON CAMERON (1799-1889)

VERNEY LOVETT CAMERON (1844–1894)

CAMEROON 1 (Ger. Kamerun)

MARCUS FURIUS CAMILLUS

CAMISARDS (from camisade, obsolete Fr. for " a night attack," from the Ital. camiciata, formed from camicia—Fr. chemise—a shirt, from the fact of a shirt being worn over the armour in order to distinguish friends from foes)

LUIS VAZ DE CAMOENS [CAMOES] (1524-1580)

CAMP (from Lat. campus, field)

CAMPAGNA DI ROMA

CAMPAIGNS IN THE

JEANNE LOUISE HENRIETTE CAMPAN (1752-1822)

TOMMASO CAMPANELLA (1568-1639)

CAMPANULA (Bell-flower)

ALEXANDER CAMPBELL (1788–1866)

BEATRICE STELLA CAMPBELL (Mrs PATRICK CAMPBELL) (1865– )

GEORGE CAMPBELL (1719–1796)

JOHN CAMPBELL (1708-1775)

BARON JOHN CAMPBELL CAMPBELL (1779-1861)

JOHN FRANCIS CAMPBELL

LEWIS CAMPBELL (1830-1908)

REGINALD JOHN CAMPBELL (1867— )

THOMAS CAMPBELL (1777—1844)

JOACHIM HEINRICH CAMPE (1746-1818)

CAMPECHE (CAMPEACHY)

CAMPECHE, or CAMPECHE DE BARANDA

PETER CAMPER (1722-1789)

OTTO VON CAMPHAUSEN (1812-1896)

WILHELM CAMPHAUSEN (1818-1885)

DIRK RAFELSZ CAMPHUYSEN (1586—1627)

GIULIO CAMPI (1500-1572)

JOSE DEL CAMPILLO (1695—1743)

EDMUND CAMPION (154o-I581)

THOMAS CAMPION (1567-1620)

JEAN GALBERT DE CAMPISTRON (1656-1723)

RAMON DE CAMPOAMOR Y CAMPOOSGRIO (1817-1901)

CONDE DE PEDRO RODRIGUEZ CAMPOMANES (1723-1802)

ARSENIO MARTINEZ DE CAMPOS (1831-1900)

CAMPULUNG (also written Campu Lung and Kimpulung)

VINCENZO CAMUCCINI (1773-1844)

NICOLAS LE CAMUS DE MEZIERES (1721-1789)

ARMAND GASTON CAMUS (1740-1804)

CHARLES ETIENNE LOUIS CAMUS (1699-1768)

FRANCOIS JOSEPH DES CAMUS (1672-1732)

CANAANITES CANAAN

CANAL (from Lat. canalis, " channel " and " kennel " being doublets of the word)

CANALE (or CANALETTO), ANTONIO (1697-1768)

CANALIS (also " canal " and " channel "; from the Latin)

CANARD (the Fr. for " duck ")

CANARY (Serinus canarius)

CANARY ISLANDS (Canarias)

CANCEL (from the Lat. cancelli, a plural diminutive of cancer, a grating or lattice, from which are also derived " chancel " and " chancellor ")

CANCELLI (plural of Lat. cancellus, dim. of cancer, a crossing bar)

CANCER (" THE CRAB ")

LUIS CANCER (d. 1549)

CANCER, or CARCINOMA (from Lat. cancer, Gr. KapKivwga, an eating ulcer)

FRANZ LUDWIG VON CANCRIN (1738-1812)

CANDELABRUM (from Lat. candela, a taper or candle)

CANDLE (Lat. candela, from candere, to glow)

CANDLEMAS (Lat. festum candelarum live luminum)

ROBERT SMITH CANDLISH (1806—1873)

AUGUSTIN PYRAME DE CANDOLLE (1778—1841)

CANDYTUFT (Iberis amara, so called from Iberia, i.e. Spain, where many species of the genus are native, and amara, bitter, i.e. in taste)

CANEA, or KHANIA

CANEPHORAE (Gr. KavEOV, a basket, and ¢Epees, to carry)

CANES VENATICI (" The HouNDS," or " the GREYHOUNDS ")

CANGAS DE ONES, or CANGAS

CANGAS DE TINEO

LUIGI CANINA (1795-1856)

GIOVANNI AGNOLO CANINI (1617-1666)

CANIS MAJOR (" Great Dog ")

FREIHERR VON FRIEDRICH RUDOLF LUDWIG CANITZ (1654–1699)

CANNAE (mod. Canne)

CANNANORE, or KANANORE

EARL CHARLES JOHN CANNING (1812-1862)

GEORGE CANNING (1770-1827)

STANISLAO CANNIZZARO (1826-1910)

CANNON (a word common to Romance languages, from the Lat. canna, a reed, tube, with the addition of the augmentative termination -on, -one)

CANNSTATT, or KANNSTATT

ALONZO CANO (1601–1667)

MELCHIOR CANO (1525-1560)

CANOE (from Carib. candoa, the West Indian name found in use by Columbus; the Fr. canot, boat, and Ger. Kahn, are derived from the Lat. canna, reed, vessel)

CANONESS (Fr. chanoinesse, Ger. Kanonissin, Lat. canonica or canonica virgo)

CANOPUS, or CANOBUS

CANOPY (through Fr. canape, from Med. Lat. canapeum, classical conopeum, a mosquito curtain, Gr. K6v(.4, a gnat)

CANOSA (anc. Canusium)

ANTONIO CANOVA (1757-1822)

ANTONIO CANOVAS DEL CASTILLO (1828-1897)

FRANCOIS CERTAIN CANROBERT (1809–1895)

ANDREW CANT (159o?-1663)

CANTABRIAN MOUNTAINS (Span. Cordillera Cantabrica)

CANTACUZEN CANTACUZINO

SIMONE CANTARINI (1612-1648)

CANTATA (Italian for a song or story set to music)

CANTEEN (through the Fr. cantine, from Ital. cantina, a cellar)

CHARLES CANTERBURY

CANTHARIDES, or SPANISH FLIES

CANTILEVER (a word of doubtful origin, probably derived from " lever," in its ordinary meaning, and " cant," an angle or edge, or else from modern Lat. quanta libra, of what weight)

THOMAS DE CANTILUPE (c. 1218-1282)

WALTER DE CANTILUPE (d. 1265)

CANTO (from the Lat. cantus, a song)

CANTON (borrowed from the Ital. cantone, a corner or angle)

CANTON (more correctly KWANG-CHOW Fu)

JOHN CANTON (1718-1772)

CANTONMENT (Fr. cantonnement, from cantonner, to quarter; Ger. Ortsunterkunft or Quartier)

CESARE CANTU (1804-1895)

CANUSIUM (Gr. Kaaboaov, mod. Canosa)

CANVASS (an older spelling of " canvas ")

WILLIAM CANYNGE CANYNGES (c. 1399-1474)

CANYON (Anglicized form of Span. canon, a tube, pipe or cannon; the Spanish form being also frequently written)

CAPE HAYTIEN CAP HAITIEN

CAPACITY OF RESERVOIR

CAPE COLONY (officially, " PROVINCE OF THE CAPE OP Goon HOPE ")

CAPE VERDE ISLANDS (Ilhas do Cabo Verde)

CAPEL (OF HADHAM), ARTHUR CAPEL, BARON (fl. 164o-1649)

EDWARD CAPELL (17,3–1781)

MARTIANUS MINNEUS FELIX CAPELLA

CAPERCALLY, or CAPERKALLY

EDWARD CAPERN (1819-1894)

CAPERNAUM (Kairepvaovµ; probably, " the village of Nahum ")

JOHN CAPGRAVE (1393-1464)

CAPILLARY ACTION

GIOVANNI DI CAPISTRANO (1386-1456)

CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)

CAPITAL OF IRISH

CAPITAL PUNISHMENT

CAPITO (or KOPFEL), WOLFGANG [FABRIC1us] (1478-1541)

CAPITULARY (Med. Lat. capitularium)

CAPITULATION (Lat. capitulum, a little head or division; capitulare, to treat upon terms)

CAPITULATIONS (from Lat. ca put, or its Low-Latin diminutive capitulum, as indicating the form in which these acts were set down in chapters "; the Gr. equivalent cephaleosis, KediaXalwocc, is occasionally used in works of the 17th century)

ANTONIO DE CAPMANY Y MONTPALAU (1742–1813)

CAPONIER (from the Fr. caponniere, properly a capon-cote or house)

LOUIS CAPPEL (1585-1658)

BIANCA CAPPELLO (1548-1587)

CLAUDE CAPPERONNIER (1671-1744)

MARQUIS GINO CAPPONI (1792-1876)

PIERO CAPPONI (1447-1496)

CAPRAIA (anc. Capraria, from Lat. capra, wild-goat)

CAPRI (anc. Capreae)

CAPRICCIO, or CAPRICE (Ital. for a sudden motion or fancy)

CAPRICORNUS (:` THE GOAT ")

COUNT GEORG LEO VON CAPRIVI DE CAPRERA DE MONTECUCCOLI (1831-1899)

JEAN BAPTISTE CAPRONNIER (1814-1891)

CAPSTAN (also spelt in other forms, or as " capstock " and " cable stock," connected with the O. Fr. capestan or cabestan, from Lat. capistrum, a halter, capere, to take hold of; the conjecture that it came from the Span. cobra, goat, and estanto, standin

CAPSULE (from the Lat. capsula, a small box)

CAPTAIN (derived from Lat. ca put, head, through the Low Lat. capitanus)

CAPTAL (Lat. capitalis, " first," " chief ")

CAPTION (Lat. captio, a taking or catching)

CAPTIVE (from Lat. capere, to take)

CAPTURE (from Lat. capere, to take; Fr. prise maritime; Ger. Wegnahme)

CAPUA (anc. Casilinum;, a town and archiepiscopal see of Campania, Italy, in the province of Caserta, 7 M. W. by rail from the town oI Caserta. Pop. (1901) 14

CAPUA (mod. S. Maria di Capua Vetere)

CAPUCHIN MONKEY

ALFRED CAPUS (1858– )

CAR (Late Lat. carra)

CARACAL (Lynx caracal)

CARACALLA (or CARACALLUS), MARCUS A U R E L I U S ANTONINUS (186-217)

AGOSTINO LODOVICO CARACCI

PRINCE FRANCESCO CARACCIOLO (1732-1799)

CARACOLE (a Fr. word, the origin of which is doubtful, meaning the wheeling about of a horse; in Spanish and Portuguese caracol means a snail with a spiral shell)

CARALES (Gr. KapaXts, mod. Cagliari, q. v.)

CARAPACE (a Fr. word, from the Span. carapacho, a shield or armour)

CARAT (Arab. Oral, weight of four grains; Gr. Kep6Tro11, little horn, the fruit of the carob or locust tree)

MARCUS AURELIUS CARAUSIUS

MICHELANGELO AMERIGHI CARAVAGGIO (or MERIGI) DA (1569-1609)

POLIDORO CALDARA DA CARAVAGGIO (1495 or 1492-1543)

CARAVAN (more correctly Karwan)

CARAVEL, or CARVEL (from the Gr. Kapa(3os, a light ship, through the Ital. carabella and the Span. carabas)

C12H9N CARBAZOL

CARBINE (Fr. carabine, Ger. Karabiner)

CARBON (symbol C, atomic weight 12)

CS2 CARBON BISULPHIDE

CARBONARI (an Italian word meaning " charcoal-burners ")

CARBONIFEROUS SYSTEM

CARBOY (from the Pers. gardbah, a flagon)

CARBUNCLE (Lat. carbunculus, diminutive of carbo, a glowing coal)

CARCAGENTE, or CARCAJENTE

GIROLAMO [GERONYMO or HIERONIMO] CARDAN [Ital. CARDANOI (1501-1576)

CARDENAS (San Juan de Dios de Cardenas)

CARDIGAN (Aberteifi)