CALGARY  , the

oldest city in the province of Alberta . Pop . (1901) 4091; (1907) 21,112 . It is situated in 114° 15' W., and 51°42' N., on the Bow river, which flows with its crystal waters from the pass in the Rocky Mountains, by which the main line of the Canadian Pacific railway crosses the Rocky Mountains . The pass proper—Kananaskis—penetrates the mountains beginning 40 M. west of Calgary, and the well-known watering-place, Banff, lies 81 m. west of it, in the Canadian national park . The streets are wide and laid out on a rectangular system . The buildings are largely of stone, the building stone used being the brown Laramie sandstone found in the valley of the Bow river in the neighbourhood of the city . Calgary is an important point on the Canadian Pacific railway, which has a general superintendent resident here . It is an important centre of wholesale dealers, and also of industrial establishments . Calgary is near the site of Fort La Jonquiere founded by the French in 1752 . Old Bow fort was. a trading post for many years though now in ruins . The present city was created by the building of the Canadian Pacific railway about 1883 .