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CALLISTHENES (c. 360–328 B.C.)

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Originally appearing in Volume V05, Page 57 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CALLISTHENES (c. 360–328 B.C.)  , of See also:Olynthus, See also:Greek historian, a relative and See also:pupil of See also:Aristotle, through whose recommendation he was appointed to attend See also:Alexander the See also:Great in his See also:Asiatic expedition . He censured Alexander's See also:adoption of See also:oriental customs, inveighing especially against the servile ceremony of See also:adoration . Having thereby greatly offended the See also:king, he was accused of being privy to a treasonable See also:conspiracy and thrown into See also:prison, where he died from See also:torture or disease . His melancholyend was commemorated in a See also:special See also:treatise (KaXAuQ6'kans , crepe rivOovs) by his friend See also:Theophrastus, whose acquaintance he made during a visit to See also:Athens . See also:Callisthenes wrote an See also:account of Alexander's expedition, a See also:history of See also:Greece from the See also:peace of See also:Antalcidas (387) to the Phocian See also:war (357), a history of the Phocian war and other See also:works, all of which have perished . The romantic See also:life of Alexander, the basis of all the Alexander legends of the See also:middle ages, originated during the See also:time of the See also:Ptolemies, but in its See also:present See also:form belongs to the 3rd See also:century A.D . Its author is usually known as pseudo-Callisthenes, although in the Latin See also:translation by See also:Julius See also:Valerius Alexander Polemius (beginning of the 4th century) it is ascribed to a certain See also:Aesopus; Aristotle, See also:Antisthenes, See also:Onesicritus and See also:Arrian have also been credited with the authorship . There are also Syrian, Armenian and See also:Slavonic versions, in addition to four Greek versions (two in See also:prose and two in See also:verse) in the middle ages (see See also:Krumbacher, Geschichte der byzantinischen Litteratur, 1897, p . 849) . Valerius's translation was completely superseded by that of See also:Leo, See also:arch-See also:priest of See also:Naples in the loth century, the so-called Historia de Preliis . See Scriptores serum Alexandri Magni (by C . W .

See also:

Muller, in the See also:Didot edition of Arrian, 1846), containing the genuine fragments and the See also:text of the pseudo-Callisthenes, with notes and introduction; A . Westerrnann, De Callisthene Olynthio et Pseudo-Callisthene Commentatio (1838–1842); J . Zacher, Pseudo-Callisthenes (1867); W . See also:Christ, Geschichte der griechischen Litteratur (1898), pp . 363, $19 See also:article by See also:Edward See also:Meyer in See also:Ersch and See also:Gruber's Allgemeine Encyklopadie; A . Ausfeld, Zur Kritik See also:des griechischen Alexanderromans (See also:Bruchsal, 1894); See also:Plutarch, Alexander, 52-55; Arrian, Anab. iv. lo-14; Diog . Laertius v. r; See also:Quintus See also:Curtius viii . 5-8; Suidas s.v . See also ALEXANDER THE GREAT (ad fin.) . For the Latin See also:translations see See also:Teuffel-See also:Schwabe, Hist. of See also:Roman Literature (Eng. trans.), § 399; and M . Schanz, Geschichte der romischen Litteratur, iv . I., p .

43 .

End of Article: CALLISTHENES (c. 360–328 B.C.)
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