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WILLIAM CAMDEN (1551-1623)

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Originally appearing in Volume V05, Page 101 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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WILLIAM See also:CAMDEN (1551-1623)  , See also:English See also:antiquary and historian, was See also:born in See also:London on the 2nd of May 1551 . His. See also:father, See also:Sampson See also:Camden, a native of See also:Lichfield, had settled in London, and, as a painter, had become a member of the See also:company of painter-stainers . His See also:mother, See also:Elizabeth, belonged to the old See also:Cumberland See also:family of See also:Curwen . See also:Young Camden received his See also:early See also:education at See also:Christ's See also:Hospital and St See also:Paul's school, and in 1566 went to Magdalen See also:College, See also:Oxford, probably as a servitor or chorister . Failing to obtain a demyship at Magdalen he re-moved to Broadgates See also:Hall, afterwards See also:Pembroke College, and later to Christ See also:Church, where he was supported by his friend, Dr See also:Thomas See also:Thornton, See also:canon of Christ Church . As a defender of the established See also:religion he was soon engaged in controversy, and his failure to secure a fellowship at All Souls' College is attributed to the hostility of the See also:Roman Catholics . In 1570 he supplicated in vain for the degree of B.A., and although a renewed application was granted in 1573 it is doubtful if he ever took a degree; and in 1571 he went to London and devoted himself to antiquarian studies, for which he had already acquired a See also:taste . Camden spent some See also:time in travelling in various parts of See also:England See also:collecting materials for his Britannia, a See also:work which was first published in 1586 . Owing to his friendship with Dr See also:Gabriel See also:Goodman, See also:dean of See also:Westminster, Camden was made second See also:master of Westminster school in 1575; and when Dr See also:Edward See also:Grant resigned the headmastership in 1593 he was appointed as his successor . The vacations which he enjoyed as a schoolmaster See also:left him time for study and travel, and during these years he supervised the publication of three further See also:editions of the Britannia . Although a layman he was granted the prebend of See also:Ilfracombe in 1589, and in 1597 he resigned his position at Westminster on being made Clarencieux See also:king-at-arms, an See also:appointment which caused some See also:ill-feeling, and the See also:York See also:herald, See also:Ralph See also:Brooke, led an attack on the genealogical accuracy of the Britannia, and accused its author of See also:plagiarism . Camden replied to Brooke in an appendix to the fifth edition of the Britannia, published in 1600, and his reputation came through the See also:ordeal untarnished .

Having brought out an enlarged and improved edition of the Britannia in 1607, he began to work on a See also:

history of the reign of See also:Queen Elizabeth, to which he had been urged by See also:Lord See also:Burghley in 1597 . The first See also:part of this history dealing with the reign down to 1588 was published in 1615 under the See also:title Annales rerum Anglicarum et Hibernicarum regnante Elizabetha . With regard to this work some controversy at once arose over the author's treatment of See also:Mary, queen of Scots . It was asserted that Camden altered his See also:original narrative in See also:order to please See also:James I., and, moreover, that the See also:account which he is said to have given to his friend, the See also:French historian, Jacques de See also:Thou, differed substantially from his own . It seems doubtful if there is any truth in either of these charges . The second part of this work, finished in 1617, was published, after the author's See also:death, at See also:Leiden in 1625 and in London in 1627 .. In 1622 Camden carried out a See also:plan to found a history lectureshipat Oxford . He provided an endowment from some lands at See also:Bexley, and appointed as the first lecturer, his friend, Degory Wheare . The See also:present occupant of the position is known as the Camden See also:professor of See also:ancient history . His concluding years were mainly spent at See also:Chislehurst, where he had taken up his See also:residence in 1609, and in spite of recurring illnesses he continued to work at material for the improvement of the Britannia and kindred subjects . He died at Chislehurst on the 9th of See also:November 1623, and was buried in Westminster See also:Abbey, where a See also:monument now stands to his memory . The Britannia, the first edition of which is dedicated to See also:Burgh-ley, is a survey of the See also:British islands written in elegant Latin .

It was first translated into English in 161o, probably under the author's direction, and other See also:

translations have subsequently appeared, the best of which is an edition edited by See also:Richard See also:Gough and published in three volumes in 1789, and in four volumes in 18o6 . The Annales has been translated into French, and English translations appeared in 1635, 1695 and 1688 . The Latin version was published at Leiden in 1639 and 1677, and under the editorship of T . See also:Hearne at Oxford in 1717 . In addition to these See also:works Camden compiled a See also:Greek See also:grammar; Instilutio Graecae Grammatices Compendiaria, which became very popular, and he published an"edition of the writings of See also:Asser, Giraldus Cambrensis, Thomas See also:Walsingham and others, under the title, Anglica, Hibernica, Normannica, Cambrica, a veteribus scripta, published at See also:Frankfort in 1602, and again in 1603 . He also See also:drew up a See also:list of the epitaphs in Westminster Abbey, which was issued as Reges, Reginae, Nobiles et alii in See also:ecclesia collegiata Beati Petri Westmonasterii sepulti . This was enlarged and published again in 1603 and 16o6 . In 16o5 he published his Remains concerning See also:Britain, a See also:book of collections from the Britannia, which quickly passed through seven editions; and he wrote an See also:official account of the trial of the See also:Gunpowder See also:Plot conspirators as Actio in Henricum Garnetum, Societatis Jesuiticae in Anglia superiorem et caeteros . Camden, who refused a See also:knighthood, was a See also:man of enormous See also:industry, and possessed a modest and friendly disposition . He had a large number of influential See also:friends, among whom were See also:Archbishop Ussher, See also:Sir See also:Robert See also:Cotton, See also:John See also:Selden, the French jurist See also:Brisson, and See also:Isaac See also:Casaubon . His See also:correspondence was published in London in 1691 by Dr Thomas See also:Smith under the title, Vita Gulielmi Camden et Illustrium virorum ad G . Camdenum Epistolae .

This See also:

volume also contains his Memorabilia de seipso; his notes of the reign of James I.; and other interesting See also:matter . In 1838 the Camden Society was founded in his See also:honour, and much valuable work has been done under its auspices .

End of Article: WILLIAM CAMDEN (1551-1623)
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