See also:

• CAMERA (a Latin adaptation of Gr. Kagapa, an arched chamber)

CAMERA (a Latin See also:

• ADAPTATION (from Lat. adaptare. to fit to)

adaptation of Gr. Kagapa, an arched chamber)  , in See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, a word applied at one See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time to the See also:

• ENGLISH

English See also:

• JUDGES, THE BOOK OF

judges' See also:

• CHAMBERS (the Fr. chambre, from Lat. camera, a room)
• CHAMBERS, EPHRAIM (d. 1740)
• CHAMBERS, GEORGE (1803-1840)
• CHAMBERS, ROBERT (18oz-1871)
• CHAMBERS, SIR WILLIAM (1726-1796)

chambers in Serjeants' See also:

• INN

Inn, as distinct from their See also:

• BENCH (an O.E. and Eng. form of a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Bank, Dan. baenk and the Eng. doublet " bank ")

bench in See also:

• WESTMINSTER
• WESTMINSTER, MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF
• WESTMINSTER, STATUTES OF
• WESTMINSTER, SYNODS OF

Westminster See also:

• HALL
• HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
• HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
• HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
• HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
• HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
• HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
• HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
• HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
• HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
• HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
• HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
• HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
• HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
• HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
• HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
• HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
• HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)

Hall . It was afterwards applied to the judges' private See also:

• ROOM

room behind the See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court, and, hence, in the phrase in See also:

• CAMERA (a Latin adaptation of Gr. Kagapa, an arched chamber)

camera, to cases heard in private, i.e. in chambers . So far as criminal cases are concerned, the courts have no See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power to hear them in private, nor have they any power to See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order adults (men or See also:

• WOMEN

women) out of court during the See also:

• HEARING (formed from the verb " to hear," O. Eng. hyran, heron, &c., a common Teutonic verb; cf. Ger. Koren, Dutch hooren, &c.; the O. Tent. form is seen in Goth. hausjan; the initial h makes any connexion with " ear," Lat. audire, or Gr. &Kobew very doub

hearing . In See also:

• CIVIL

civil proceedings at See also:

• COMMON

common law, it may also be laid down that the public cannot be excluded from the court; in See also:

• MALAN, SOLOMON CAESAR (1812-1894)

Malan v . See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

Young, 1889, 6 T.L.R . 68, Mr See also:

• JUSTICE (Lat. justitia)

Justice See also:

• DENMAN, THOMAS, 1ST BARON (1779-1854)

Denman held that he had power to hear the See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case in camera, but he afterwards stated that there was considerable doubt among the judges as to the power to hear cases in camera, even by consent, and the case was, by consent of the parties, finally proceeded with before the See also:

• JUDGE (Lat. judex, Fr. juge)

judge as arbitrator . In the court of See also:

• CHANCERY

chancery it is the practice to hear in private cases affecting wards of the court and lunatics, See also:

• FAMILY

family disputes (by consent), and cases where a public trial would defeat the See also:

• OBJECT

object of the See also:

• ACTION

action (See also:

• ANDREW (Gr. 'AvBp4as, manly)
• ANDREW, JOHN ALBION (1818-1867)

Andrew v . See also:

• RAEBURN, SIR HENRY (1756-1823)

Raeburn, 1874, L.K . 9 Ch . 522) . In ap action for infringement of a patent for a chemical See also:

• PROCESS

process the See also:

• DEFENDANT

defendant was allowed to See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state a See also:

• SECRET (Lat. secretum, hidden, concealed)

secret process in camera (Badische Anilin ultd Soda Fabrik v . Gillman, 1883, 24 Ch .

D . 156) . The Court of See also:

• APPEAL

Appeal has decided that it has power to sit in private; in Mellor v . See also:

• THOMPSON
• THOMPSON, FRANCIS (1860-1907)
• THOMPSON, LAUNT (1833-1894)
• THOMPSON, SIR HENRY, BART
• THOMPSON, SIR JOHN SPARROW (1844-1894)
• THOMPSON, THOMAS PERONNET (1783-1869)
• THOMPSON, WILLIAM HEPWORTH (18ro–1886)

Thompson, 1885, 31 Ch . D . 55, it was stated that a public hearing would defeat the object of the action, and render the See also:

• RESPONDENT (from Lat. respondere, to answer)

respondent's success in the appeal useless, In matrimonial causes, the See also:

• DIVORCE

divorce court, following the practice of the ecclesiastical courts under the provisions of the Matrimonial Causes See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

Act 1857, s . 22, hears suits for nullity of See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage on See also:

• PHYSICAL

physical grounds in camera, but not petitions for See also:

• DISSOLUTION (from Lat. dissolvere, to break up into parts)

dissolution of marriage, which must be heard in open court . It was also decided in Druce v . Druce, 1903, 19 T.L.R . 387, that in cases for judicial separation the court has See also:

• JURISDICTION
• JURISDICTION, CRIMINAL LAW, DIVORCE

jurisdiction to hear the case in camera, where it is satisfied that justice cannot be done by hearing the case in public .