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JEANNE LOUISE HENRIETTE CAMPAN (1752-...

Online Encyclopedia
Originally appearing in Volume V05, Page 121 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JEANNE

LOUISE HENRIETTE CAMPAN (1752-1822)  , French educator, the companion of
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Marie Antoinette, was born at Paris in 1752 . Her
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father, whose name was' Genest, was first clerk in the
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foreign office, and, although without fortune, placed her in the most cultivated society . At the age of fifteen she could speak
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English and
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Italian, and had gained so high a reputation for her accomplishments as to be appointed reader to the three daughters of Louis XV . At court she wasa general favourite, and .when she bestowed her hand upon M . Campan, son of the Secretary of the royal
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cabinet, the king gave her an annuity of g000 livres as dowry . She was soon' afterwards appointed first lady of the bedchamber by Marie Antoinette; and she continued to be her faithful attendant till she was forcibly separated from her at the sacking of the Tuileries on the loth of
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June 1792 . Madame Campan survived the dangers of the Tetror, but after the 9th Thermidor finding. herself almost penniless, and being thrown on her own resources by the illness of her
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husband, she bravely determined to support herself by establishing a school at St Germain . The institution prospered, and was patronized by Hortense de Beauharnais, whose influence led to the appointment of Madame Campan as superintendent of the academy founded by
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Napoleon at Ecouen for the
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education of the daughters` and sisters of members of the Legion of Honours This
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post she held till it was abolished at the restoration of the Bourbons, when she retired to Mantes; where she spent the rest of.her
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life amid the kind attentions of affectionate friends, but saddened by the loss of her only son, and by the calumnies circulated on account of her connexion with the Bonapartes . She died in 1822, leavingvaluable Memoires sur la
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vie privee de Marie Antoinette, suivis' de souvenirs at anecdotes historiques sueles regnes de Louis XLV.-X V . (Paris, 1823) ; a
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treatise De l'Educatian `
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des Femmes; and one or two small didactic
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works, written in a clear and natural style . The most noteworthy thing in her educational
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system, and that which especially recommended it to Napoleon, was the placegiven to domestic
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economy in the education of girls . At fcouen the pupils underwent a
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complete training in all branches of housework .

See Jules Flammermont,

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Les Memoires de Madame de Campan (Paris, 1886), and histories of the time .

End of Article: JEANNE LOUISE HENRIETTE CAMPAN (1752-1822)
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