CAMPBELTOWN  , a royal, municipal and

police burgh, and seaport of Argyllshire, Scotland . Pop . (1901) 8286 . It is situated on a fine bay, towards the S.E. extremity of the peninsula of Kintyre, 11 m . N.E. of the Mull and 83 m . S.W. of Glasgow by water . The seat of the Dalriad monarchy in the 6th or 7th century, its importance declined when the capital was transferred to Forteviot . No memorial of its antiquity has survived, but the finely sculptured granite cross standing on a pedestal in the market-place belongs to the 12th century, and there are ruins of some venerable chapels and churches . Through the interest of the Campbells, who are still the overlords and from whom it takes its name, it became a royal burgh in 1700 . It was the birthplace of the Rev . Dr Norman Macleod (1812) . The chief public buildings are the churches (one of which occupies the site of a castle of the Macdonalds), the town house, the Academy and the Athenaeum .

The

staple industry is whisky distilling, of which the annual output is 2,000,000 gallons, more than half for export . The port is the head of a fishery district and does a thriving trade . Shipbuilding, net and rope-making, and woollen manufacturing are other industries, and coal is mined in the vicinity . There are three piers and a safe and capacious harbour, the bay, called Campbeltown Loch, measuring 2 M. in length by 1 in breadth, At its entrance stands a lighthouse on the island of Davaar . On the Atlantic shore is the splendid golf-course of Machrihanish, 5 M. distant . Machrihanish is connected with Campbeltown by a light railway . Near the village of Southend is Machrireoch, the duke of Argyll's shooting-lodge, an old structure modernized, commanding superb views of the Firth of Clyde and its islands, and of Ireland . On the rock of Dunaverty stood the castle of Macdonald of the Isles, who was dispossessed by the Campbells in the beginning of the 17th century . At this place in 1647 General David Leslie is said to have ordered 300 of the Macdonalds to be slain after their surrender . Of the ancient church founded here by Columba, only the walls remain . Campbeltown unites with Ayr, Inveraray, Irvine and Oban in sending one member (for the " Ayr Burghs ") to parliament .