See also:

• CANARY
• CANARY (Serinus canarius)

CANARY (Serinus canarius)  , a well-known See also:

• SPECIES

species of passerine See also:

• BIRD

bird, belonging to the See also:

• FAMILY

family Fringillidae or finches (see See also:

• FINCH
• FINCH (Ger. Fink, Lat. Fringilla)

FINCH) . It is a native of the See also:

• CANARY
• CANARY (Serinus canarius)

Canary Islands and See also:

• MADEIRA
• MADEIRA, or THE MADE1RAS

Madeira, where it occurs abundantly in the See also:

• WILD, JONATHAN (c. 1682-1725)

wild See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state, and is of a greyish-See also:

• BROWN
• BROWN, CHARLES BROCKDEN (1771-181o)
• BROWN, FORD MADOX (1821-1893)
• BROWN, FRANCIS (1849- )
• BROWN, GEORGE (1818-188o)
• BROWN, HENRY KIRKE (1814-1886)
• BROWN, JACOB (1775–1828)
• BROWN, JOHN (1715–1766)
• BROWN, JOHN (1722-1787)
• BROWN, JOHN (1735–1788)
• BROWN, JOHN (1784–1858)
• BROWN, JOHN (1800-1859)
• BROWN, JOHN (1810—1882)
• BROWN, JOHN GEORGE (1831— )
• BROWN, ROBERT (1773-1858)
• BROWN, SAMUEL MORISON (1817—1856)
• BROWN, SIR GEORGE (1790-1865)
• BROWN, SIR JOHN (1816-1896)
• BROWN, SIR WILLIAM, BART
• BROWN, THOMAS (1663-1704)
• BROWN, THOMAS (1778-1820)
• BROWN, THOMAS EDWARD (1830-1897)
• BROWN, WILLIAM LAURENCE (1755–1830)

brown See also:

• COLOUR (Lat. color, connected with celare, to hide, the root meaning, therefore, being that of a covering)

colour, slightly varied with brighter hues, although never attaining the beautiful plumage of the domestic bird . It was first domesticated in See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy during the 16th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century, and soon spread over See also:

• EUROPE

Europe, where it is now the most See also:

• COMMON

common of cage-birds . During the years of its domestication, the canary has been the subject of careful artificial selection, the result being the See also:

• PRODUCTION (Lat. productionem, from producere, to pro-duce)

production of a bird differing widely in the colour of its plumage, and in a few of its varieties even in See also:

• SIZE

size and See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form, from the See also:

• ORIGINAL

original wild species . The prevailing colour of the most admired varieties of the canary is yellow, approaching in some cases to See also:

• ORANGE
• ORANGE (Citrus Aurantium)
• ORANGE, HOUSE OF

orange, and in others to See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white; while the most robust birds are those which, in the dusky See also:

• GREEN, A
• GREEN, ALEXANDER HENRY (1832—1896)
• GREEN, DUFF (1791—1875)
• GREEN, JOHN RICHARD (1837—1883)
• GREEN, MATTHEW (1696-1737)
• GREEN, THOMAS HILL (1836-1882)
• GREEN, VALENTINE (1739–1813)
• GREEN, WILLIAM HENRY (.1825–1900)

green of the upper See also:

• SURFACE

surface of their plumage, show a distinct approach to the wild forms . The least prized are those in which the plumage is irregularly spotted and speckled . In one of the most esteemed varieties, the wing and tail feathers are at first See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

black--a peculiarity, however. which disappearsafter the first moulting . Size and form have also been modified by domestication, the wild canary being not more than 51 in. in length, while a well-known Belgian variety usually See also:

• MEASURES

measures 8 in . There are also hooped or bowed canaries, See also:

• FEATHER (0. Eng. (ether, Ger. Feder, from an Indo-European root seen also in Gr. lrrepov, and aEreo-Oat, to fly)

feather-footed forms and See also:

• TOP (cf. Dan. top, Ger. Topf, also meaning pot)

top-knots, the latter having a distinct See also:

• CREST
• CREST (Lat. crista, a plume or tuft)

crest on the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head; but the offspring of two such top-knotted canaries, instead of showing an increased development of crest, as might be expected, are See also:

• APT

apt to be bald on'the See also:

• CROWN

crown . Most of the varieties, however, of which no fewer than twenty-seven were recognized by See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French breeders so See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early as the beginning of the 18th century, differ merely in the colour and the markings of the plumage . Hybrids are also common, the canary breeding freely with the See also:

• SISKIN (Dan. sidsken, Ger. Zeisig and Zeising)

siskin, See also:

• GOLDFINCH (Ger. Gold fink')

goldfinch, citril, See also:

• GREENFINCH (Ger. Griinfink), or GREEN LINNET

greenfinch and See also:

• LINNET, O

linnet . The hybrids thus produced are almost invariably sterile .

It is the See also:

• FEMALE

female canary which is almost invariably employed in See also:

• CROSSING

crossing, as it is difficult to get the See also:

• FEMALES

females of the allied species to sit on the artificial See also:

• NEST

nest used by breeders . In a state of nature canaries pair, but under domestication the male bird has been rendered polygamous, being often put with four or five females; still he is said to show a distinct preference for the female with which he was first mated . It is from the others, however, that the best birds are usually obtained . The canary is very prolific, producing eggs, not exceeding six in number, three or four times a See also:

• YEAR

year; and in a state of nature it is said to breed still oftener . The See also:

• WORK

work of See also:

• BUILDING

building the nest, and of See also:

• INCUBATION

incubation, falls chiefly on the female, while the See also:

• DUTY (from " due," that which is owing, O. Fr. deu, dil, past participle of devoir; Lat. debere, debitum; cf. " debt ")

duty of feeding the See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young rests mainly with the See also:

• COCK, EDWARD (1805-1892)

cock bird . The natural See also:

• SONG

song of the canary is loud and clear; and in their native groves the See also:

• MALES

males, especially during the pairing See also:

• SEASON (0. Fr. seson, seison, mod. saison, Lat. satio, sowing time, the spring, from serere, to sow; in Late Lat. the word is found with its present meaning, the spring being considered as particularly the season of the year)

season, pour forth their song with such ardour as sometimes to burst the delicate vessels of the See also:

• THROAT (O. Eng. protu, prote or }Prota, possibly from preotan, to press, whence threat, or, with loss of initial s, connected with strut, to swell)

throat . The males appear to compete with each other in the brilliancy of their See also:

• MELODY (Gr. ,ueXw3ia, a choral song, from name, tune, and gi6i, song)

melody, in See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order to attract the females, which, according to the See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German naturalist Johann Matthaus Bechstein (1757–1822) always select the best singers for their mates . The canary readily imitates the notes of other birds, and in See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany and especially See also:

• TIROL (or TYROL 1)

Tirol, where the breeding of canaries gives employment to a large number of See also:

• PEOPLE

people, they are usually placed for this purpose beside the See also:

• NIGHTINGALE (O. Eng. Nihtegale, literally " singer of the night ")
• NIGHTINGALE, FLORENCE (1820–191o)

nightingale . (A .