ALONZO

CANO (1601–1667)  , Spanish painter, architect and sculptor, was born at Granada . He has left in Spain a very great number of specimens of his genius, which display the boldness of his design, the facility of his pencil, the purity of his flesh-tints and his knowledge of chiaroscuro . He learned architecture from his father, Miguel Cano, painting from Pacheco and sculpture from Juan Martinez Montanes . As a statuary, his most famous works are the Madonna and Child in the church of Nebrissa, and the colossal figures of San Pedro and San Pablo . As an architect he indulged in too profuse ornamentation, and gave way too much to the fancies of his day . Philip IV. made him royal architect and king's painter, and gave him the church preferment of a canon . His more important pictures are at Madrid . He was notorious for his ungovernable temper; and it is said that once he risked his life by committing the then capital offence of dashing to pieces the statue of a saint, when in a rage with the purchaser who grudged the price he demanded . His known passionateness also (according to another stbry) caused him to be suspected, and even tortured, for the murder of I 90 12 ft. to 15 ft., the beam from 26 in. to 3o in., the depth to in. to 16 in . The paddle is 7 ft. long and 6 in. wide in the blade, the canoeist sits low in a cockpit, and in paddling dips the blades first on one side and then the other . The rig is generally yawl . In 1866 the Royal Canoe Club was formed in England, and the prince of Wales (afterwards Edward VII.) became commodore .

Its headquarters are at

Kingston-on-Thames and it is still the leading organization . There is also the British Canoe Association, devoted to cruising . After the English canoes were seen in Paris at the Exhibition of 1867, others like them were built in France . Branches and clubs were formed also at the English universities, and in Liverpool, Hull, Edinburgh and Glasgow . The New York Canoe Club was founded in 1871 . One member of the Royal Canoe Club crossed the English Channel in his canoe, another the Irish Channel from Scotland to Ireland, and many rivers were explored in inaccessible parts, like the Jordan, the Kishon, and the Abana and the Pharpar at Damascus, as well as the Lake Menzaleh in the Delta of the Nile, and the Lake of Galilee and Waters of Merom-in Syria . W . Baden Powell modified the type of the " Rob Roy " in the " Nautilus," intended only for sailing . From this time the two kinds of pleasure canoe----paddling and sailing—parted company, and developed each on its own lines; the sailing canoe soon (1882) had a deck seat and tiller, a smaller and smaller cockpit, and a larger and larger sail area, with the consequent necessary air and water-tight bulkheads in the hull . Paul Butler of Lowell, Mass., added (1886) the sliding outrigger seat, allowing the canoeist to slide out to windward . The final stage is the racing machine pure and simple, seen in the exciting contests at the annual August meets of the American Canoe Association on the St Lawrence river, or at the more frequent race days of its constituent divisions, associated as Canadian (47 clubs), Atlantic (32 clubs), Central (26 clubs) and Western . The paddling canoe, propelled by single-bladed paddles, is also represented in single, tandem and crew (" war canoe ") races, and this form of the sport remains more of the amateur type .

The " Canadian," a

clinker or carvel built mahogany or cedar or bass-wood canoe, or the painted canvas, bark or compressed paper canoe, all on the general lines of the Indian birch bark, are as common on American rivers as the punt is on the Thames, and are similarly used . See MacGregor, A Thousand Miles in the Rob Roy Canoe (1866), The Rob Roy on the Baltic, &c.; W . Baden Powell, Canoe Travelling (1871) ; W . L . Alden, Canoe and the Flying Proa (New York, 1878) ; J . D . Hayward, Camping out with the British Canoe Association; C . B . Vaux, Canoe Handling (New York, 1888) ; Stephens, Canoe and Boat Building (New York, 1881) .