CASINUM  , an See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient See also:

• TOWN

town 'of See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy, probably of Volscian origin . See also:

• VARRO, MARCUS TERENTIUS (116—27 B.C.)
• VARRO, PUBLIUS TERENTIUS

Varro states that the name was See also:

• SABINE, SIR EDWARD (1788-1883)

Sabine, and meant See also:

• FORUM (Lat. from foris, " out of doors ")

forum vetus, and also that the town itself was Samnite, but he is probably wrong . When it came under See also:

• ROMAN

Roman supremacy is not known, but it probably received the citizenship in 188 B.C . It was the most See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south-easterly town in See also:

• LATIUM

Latium adjectum, situated on the Via See also:

• LATINA, VIA

Latina about 40 M . N.W. of See also:

• CAPUA (anc. Casilinum;, a town and archiepiscopal see of Campania, Italy, in the province of Caserta, 7 M. W. by rail from the town oI Caserta. Pop. (1901) 14
• CAPUA (mod. S. Maria di Capua Vetere)

Capua . It appears occasionally in the See also:

• HISTORY

history of the Hannibalic See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War . Varro possessed a See also:

• VILLA

villa near it, in which later on See also:

• MARK
• MARK, CARL (1858– )
• MARK, GOSPEL OF ST
• MARK, ST

Mark Antony held his orgies . Towards the end of the See also:

• REPUBLIC (Lat. respublica, a commonweal or common-wealth)

republic it was a praefeclura, and under the See also:

• EMPIRE

empire it appears as a See also:

• COLONY (Lat. colonia, from colonus, a cultivator)

colony (perhaps founded by the triumvirs), though in two (not See also:

• LOCAL

local) See also:

• INSCRIPTIONS (from Lat. inscribere, to write upon)

inscriptions it is called See also:

• MUNICIPIUM (Lat. munus, a duty or privilege, capere, to take)

municipium . See also:

• STRABO (born c. 63 n.c.)

Strabo speaks of it as an important town; Varro mentions the See also:

• OLIVE (Olea europaea)

olive-oil of its See also:

• DISTRICT

district as especially See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good . The older Volscian Casinum must have stood on the See also:

• HILL
• HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
• HILL, A
• HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
• HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
• HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
• HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
• HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
• HILL, JAMES J
• HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
• HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
• HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
• HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
• HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)

hill (1715 ft.) above the Roman town (148 ft.), where considerable remains of fortifications in Cyclopean See also:

• MASONRY

masonry, of finely cut blocks of See also:

• LIMESTONE

limestone, still exist . The site is now occupied by the See also:

• BENEDICTINE

Benedictine monastery of See also:

• MONTE

Monte Cassino (q.v.) founded by St See also:

• BENEDICT (BENEDICTUS)
• BENEDICT, SIR JULIUS (1804-1885)

Benedict himself in 529 . A number of Roman inscriptions from Casinum are preserved there .

The See also:

• WALL (O. Eng. weal, weall, Mid. Eng. wal, wane, adapted from Lat. vallum, rampart; the original O. Eng. word for a wall was wag or tenth)
• WALL, RICHARD (1694-1778)

wall which runs south-See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west and west starting from the west See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side of the monastery, for a See also:

• TOTAL

total length of about 300 yds., is not so clearly traceable on the other side of the hill, though there is one fragment under the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east side of the monastery; but it seems to have defended the See also:

• SUMMIT

summit and was perhaps the See also:

• ORIGINAL

original See also:

• ACROPOLIS (Gr. aKpos, top, a6)Xts, city)

acropolis . The Roman town See also:

• LAY

lay at the See also:

• FOOT

foot of the See also:

• MOUNTAIN (0. Fr. montaigne; popular Lat. montanea, an adjectival form from the classical mons, montis, whence Eng. " mount," a form usually used along with the name of an individual mountain, e.g. Mt Everest)
• MOUNTAIN, THE (La Montagne)

mountain, See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close to the Via Latina . The See also:

• AMPHITHEATRE (Gr. 441, around, and O&arpov, a place for spectators)

amphitheatre, erected by Ummidia Quadratilla (whose See also:

• PASSION (post-classical Lat. passio, formed from pati, passus, to suffer, endure)

passion for actors is mentioned by See also:

• PLINY, THE ELDER
• PLINY, THE YOUNGER

Pliny, Epist. vii . 24, on the occasion of her See also:

• DEATH

death at the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of about eighty), is still existing: it is built of See also:

• OPUS ('O7rois)

opus reticulatum and the five entrances are by See also:

• ARCHES, COURT OF

arches of larger blocks of See also:

• STONE
• STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
• STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
• STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
• STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
• STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
• STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
• STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
• STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)

stone; it is approximately circular in See also:

• PLAN
• PLAN (from Lat. planes, flat)

plan . The See also:

• EXTERNAL

external walls are S9 ft. high . The seats in the interior have disappeared . Above it on the hillside is a See also:

• THEATRE (BEarpov, " a place for seeing," from OeacOae)

theatre of opus reticulatum, less well preserved . Close by is a See also:

• BUILDING

building V . 15converted into the Cappella del Crocefisso, originally perhaps a See also:

• TOMB (Gr. Tuµ/3a, Tuµ(3os, probably allied to Lat. tumulus, literally a swelling, tumere, to swell)

tomb in the Via Latina; it is a chamber in the See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form of a See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek See also:

• CROSS

cross, constructed of large masses of travertine, with a domed roof of the same material . On the opposite See also:

• BANK

bank of the Rapido are the ruins called Monticelli, attributed to the villa of Varro,apartof which was frequently See also:

• DRAWN

drawn by the architects of the 16th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century (T . See also:

• ASHBY, TURNER (1824-1862)

Ashby in Papers of the See also:

• BRITISH

British School at See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome, ii . 19) .

The See also:

• MEDIEVAL

medieval town of S . Germano, which resumed the name Cassino in 1871, lies a little to the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north . The See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral was founded in the 8th century, but the See also:

• PRESENT

present building was constructed in the 17th century . The See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church of S . Maria delle Cinque Tcrri contains twelve ancient See also:

• MARBLE (from Lat. marmor, Gr. pApµapos, shining stone)

marble columns; above the town is a picturesque medieval See also:

• CASTLE
• CASTLE (Lat. castellum, a fort, diminutive of castra, a camp; Fr. chateau and chdtel)

castle . (T .