See also:

• CASSIANUS, JOANNES EREMITA, or JOANNES

CASSIANUS, JOANNES EREMITA, or JOANNES  MASSILIENSIS (?360-?435), a celebrated recluse, one of the first founders of monastic institutions in western See also:

• EUROPE

Europe, was probably See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in 1 The Via Traiana Nova, or the (See also:

• VICE

vice) tres Traianae, mentioned in See also:

• INSCRIPTIONS (from Lat. inscribere, to write upon)

inscriptions with the See also:

• CASSIA (Lat. cassia, Gr. mulct)
• CASSIA, VIA

Cassia and See also:

• CLODIA, VIA

Clodia as under the same See also:

• CURATOR (Lat. for " one who takes care," curare, to take care of)

curator, are not certainly identifiable . 2 Having regard to the military importance of See also:

• ARRETIUM (mod. Arezzo)

Arretium during the Punic See also:

• WARS

wars, it is difficult to believe that no See also:

• DIRECT

direct road existed to this point before 187 B.C . See also:

• PROVENCE (Provincia, Proenza)

Provence about 36o, but he spent the See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• PART

part of his See also:

• LIFE

life in the monastery of See also:

• BETHLEHEM
• BETHLEHEM (Heb. " House of Bread," or, according to a more questionable etymology, " of [the god] Lakhmu ")

Bethlehem with his friend Germanus, and his See also:

• AFFINITIES

affinities were always Eastern rather than Western . In See also:

• COMPANY

company with Germanus he visited See also:

• EGYPT

Egypt, and dwelt for several years among the ascetics of the See also:

• DESERT

desert near the See also:

• BANKS, GEORGE LINNAEUS (1821-1881)
• BANKS, NATHANIEL PRENTISS (1816–1894)
• BANKS, SIR JOSEPH
• BANKS, THOMAS (1735-1805)

banks of the See also:

• NILE
• NILE, BATTLE OF THE
• NILE, SOBAT

Nile . In 403 he repaired to See also:

• CONSTANTINOPLE
• CONSTANTINOPLE, COUNCILS OF

Constantinople, where he received ordination as See also:

• DEACON (Gr. S&& ovos, minister, servant)

deacon at the hands of See also:

• CHRYSOSTOM

Chrysostom . At See also:

• MARSEILLES

Marseilles (after 410) he founded two religious See also:

• SOCIETIES, LEARNED

societies—a See also:

• CONVENT (Lat. conventus, from convenire, to come together)

convent for nuns, and the See also:

• ABBEY (Lat. abbatia; from Syr. abba, father)
• ABBEY, EDWIN AUSTIN (1852– )

abbey of St See also:

• VICTOR
• VICTOR, GAIUS JULIUS (4th cent. A.D.)
• VICTOR, SEXTUS AURELIUS

Victor, which during his t Lme is said to have contained 5000 inmates . In later times his regulations enjoyed a high reputation, and were adopted by the monks and nuns of See also:

• PORT

Port Royal . He was eventually canonized; and a festival in his See also:

• HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

honour See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long continued to be celebrated at Marseilles on the 25th of See also:

• JULY

July . See also:

• CASSIANUS, JOANNES EREMITA, or JOANNES

Cassianus was one of the first and most prominent of the Semi-Pelagians, maintaining that while See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man is by nature sinful, he yet has some See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good remaining in him, and that, while the immediate See also:

• GIFT (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. die Gift, gift, das Gift, poison, formed from the Teut. stem gab-, to give, cf. Dutch geven, Ger. geben; in O. Eng. the word appears with initial y, the guttural of later English is due to Scandinavian influence)

gift of See also:

• GOD

God's See also:

• GRACE (Fr. grace, Lat. gratia, from grates, beloved, pleasing; formed from the root cra-, Gr. xav-, cf. xaipw, x6p,ua, Xapts)
• GRACE, WILLIAM GILBERT (1848– )

grace is necessary to salvation, See also:

• CONVERSION (Lat. conversio, from convertere, to turn or ,change)

conversion may also be begun by the exercise of man's will . He further asserted that God is always willing to bestow his grace on all who seek it, though, at the same See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time, it is true that he sometimes bestows it without its being sought . These views have been held by a very large part of the See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church from his time, and embrace much of the essence of Arminianism . The See also:

• STYLE
• STYLE (from Gr. a-6'1ms, a column; a different word from that used in literature, see below)

style of Cassianus is slovenly, and shows no See also:

• LITERARY

literary See also:

• POLISH

polish, but its direct simplicity is far See also:

• SUPERIOR

superior to the rhetorical affectations which disfigure most of the writings of that See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age .

At the See also:

• REQUEST, LETTERS OF

request of See also:

• CASTOR

Castor, See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop of See also:

• APT

Apt, he wrote two monumental and influential See also:

• TREATISES

treatises on the monastic life . The De Institutione Coenobiorum (twelve books) describes the See also:

• DRESS (from the Fr. dresser, to set out, arrange, formed from Lat. directus, arranged, dirigere, to direct, arrange)

dress, the See also:

• FOOD
• FOOD (like the verb " to feed," from a Teutonic root, whence O. Eng. foda; cf. " fodder "; connected with Gr. lrareicOae, to feed)

food, the devotional exercises, the discipline and the See also:

• SPECIAL

special spiritual dangers of monastic life in the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

East (gluttony, unchastity, avarice, anger, gloom, apathy, vanity and See also:

• PRIDE, THOMAS (d. 1658)

pride) . The Collationes Patrum, a See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of dialogues with the pious fathers of Egypt, See also:

• DEAL

deal with the way in which these dangers (and others, e.g. demons) may be avoided or overcome . At the See also:

• DESIRE

desire of See also:

• LEO
• LEO (THE LION)
• LEO, BROTHER (d. c. 1270)
• LEO, HEINRICH (1799-1878)
• LEO, JOHANNES (c. 1494-1552)
• LEO, LEONARDO (1694–1744)

Leo (then See also:

• ARCH
• ARCH, JOSEPH (1826– )

arch-deacon of See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome) he wrote against See also:

• NESTORIUS (d. c. 451)

Nestorius his De Incarnatione Domini in seven books . See also:

• EDITIONS

EDITIONS: Douay (1616) by Alardus Gazaus, with excellent notes; See also:

• MIGNE, JACQUES PAUL (1800-1875)

Migne's See also:

• PATROL, (Fr. patrouiller, connected with pane, foot)

Patrol . See also:

• LAT

Lat. vols. xlix. and 1.; M . Petschenig in the See also:

• VIENNA (Ger. Wien; Lat. Vindobona)
• VIENNA, CONGRESS OF (1814-1815)

Vienna Corpus Script . See also:

• ECCLES

Eccles . Lat . (2 vols., 1886–1888) . See A . See also:

• HARNACK, ADOLF (1851– )

Harnack, See also:

• HISTORY

History of See also:

• DOGMA (Gr. Sbypa, from b6aeiv, to seem; literally " that which seems, sc. good or true or useful " to any one)

Dogma, v .

246 if., 253 ff . ; A . Hoch, See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

Die Lehre d . Joh . Cassian von Natur and Gnade (See also:

• FREIBURG

Freiburg, 1895) ; W . Moeller, History of the Chr . Church, i . 368-370 .