See also:

• CATARRH (from the Gr. Karappeiv, to flow down)

CATARRH (from the Gr. Karappeiv, to flow down)  , a See also:

• TERM

term principally employed to describe a See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state of irritation of the mucous membrane of the See also:

• RESPIRATORY

respiratory passages, or what is called in popular See also:

• LANGUAGE (adapted from the Fr. langage, from langue, tongue, Lat. lingua)

language a " See also:

• COLD (in O. Eng. cald and ceald, a word coming ultimately from a root cognate with the Lat. gelu, gelidus, and common in the Teutonic languages, which usually have two distinct forms for the substantive and the adjective, cf. Ger. Kolte, kalt, Dutch koude

cold." It is the result of infection by a micro-organism in one or more of various predisposing conditions, See also:

• DAMP

damp, chill, fatigue, &c . The complaint usually begins as a nasal See also:

• CATARRH (from the Gr. Karappeiv, to flow down)

Catarrh or coryza (Gr . Kbpvs, See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head), with a feeling of See also:

• WEIGHT

weight about the forehead and some degree of difficulty in breathing through the See also:

• NOSE (O.Eng. nosu, cf. Dutch neus, Swed. nos, snout; the Aix in Provence. Both at Aix and at Lyons he acquired great connexion with O.Eng. nasu is obscure, cf. Ger. Nase, Lat. pares, distinction by his labours during outbreaks of the plague. In nostrils,

nose, increased on lying down . Fits of See also:

• SNEEZING (0. Eng. fneosung, from fneosan, to sneeze, cf. Dutch fniezen, allied to the obsolete neeze, and ultimately to be referred to root seen in Gr. irveiv, to breathe; the initial s is due to association with numerous words, such as snort, snuff, snor

sneezing accompanied with a profuse watery See also:

• DISCHARGE (adapted from the O. Fr. discharge, modern decharge, from a med. Lat. discargare, to unload, dis- and earn care, to load, cf. " charge ")

discharge from the nostrils and eyes soon follow, while the sense of See also:

• SMELL (connected etymologically with " smoulder " and " smoke ")

smell and to some extent that of See also:

• TASTE (from Lat. taxare, to touch sharply; tangere, to touch)

taste become considerably impaired . There is usually See also:

• PRESENT

present some amount of sore See also:

• THROAT (O. Eng. protu, prote or }Prota, possibly from preotan, to press, whence threat, or, with loss of initial s, connected with strut, to swell)

throat and of bronchial irritation, causing hoarseness and cough . Sometimes the vocal apparatus becomes so much inflamed (laryngeal catarrh) that temporary loss of See also:

• VOICE (Fr. voix, from Lat. vox)

voice results . There is always more or less feverishness and discomfort, and frequently an extreme sensitiveness to cold . After two or three days the symptoms begin to abate, the discharge from the nostrils and See also:

• CHEST (Gr. Kiarl, Lat. cista, O. Eng. cist, test, &c.)

chest becoming thicker and of purulent See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character, and producing when dislodged considerable See also:

• RELIEF

relief to the breathing . On the other See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand the catarrh may assume a more severe aspect and pass into some See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form of pulmonary inflammation (see See also:

• BRONCHITIS

BRONCHITIS) or See also:

• INFLUENZA (syn. " grip," la grippe)

influenza (q.v.) . When the symptoms are first See also:

• FELT (cognate with Ger. Filz, Du. vilt, Swed. and Dan. fill; the root is unknown; the word has given Med. Lat. filtrum, " filter ")

felt it is well to take a See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good purge, and to encourage freeperspiration by a hot See also:

• BATH
• BATH, THOMAS THYNNE
• BATH, WILLIAM

bath, some diaphoretic See also:

• DRUG
• DRUG (from Fr. drogue, a word common in Romance languages, cf. Span. and Ital. droga; the origin of the word is obscure, but may possibly be connected with Dutch droog, dry)

drug, as See also:

• SPIRITS

spirits of nitrous See also:

• ETHER, (C2H5)2O

ether, being taken before retiring to. See also:

• BED
• BED (a common Teutonic word, cf. German Bett, probably connected with the Indo-European root bhodh, seen in the Lat. fodere, to dig; so " a dug-out place " for safe resting, or in the same sense as a garden " bed ")

bed . Some of the older school of physicians still See also:

• PIN (a doublet with " pen " from Lat. pinna, feather, pinnacle, which is said to contain the same root as irirvs, pine tree, and properly to mean a sharp point or end)

pin their faith to a dose of See also:

• DOVER
• DOVER, GEORGE JAMES WELBORE
• DOVER, HENRY JERMYN, EARL OF (c. 1636-1708)
• DOVER, ROBERT (1575-1641)

Dover's See also:

• POWDER (through O. Fr. puldre, modern poudre, from Lat. pulvis, pulveris, dust)

powder . When the cold manifests itself by aches and pains in back and limbs, aspirin taken three or four times in the first twenty-four See also:

• HOURS, CANONICAL

hours will often See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

act like magic .

Locally a See also:

• SNUFF (from " to snuff, " i.e. to inhale, to draw in through the nose; cf. Dutch snuf, scent, Ger. Schnupfen, a cold, catarrh, and Eng. " snuffle, " " sniff, " &c.)

snuff made of menthol I See also:

• PART

part, ammonium chloride 3 parts and boracic See also:

• ACID (from the Lat. root ac-, sharp; acere, to be sour)

acid 2 parts will relieve the discomfort of the nose . Also, remembering the microbic origin of the disease, gargling and nasal syringing should be repeated at intervals . As soon as the attack shows signs of sub-siding, a good tonic and, still better, a See also:

• CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

change of See also:

• AIR (from an Indo-European root meaning " breathe," " blow ")
• AIR, or ASBEN

air are very helpful . The term catarrh is used in medical nomenclature in a wider sense to describe a state of irritation of any mucous See also:

• SURFACE

surface in the See also:

• BODY

body, which is accompanied with an abnormal discharge of its natural secretion, hence the terms gastric catarrh, intestinal catarrh, &c .