Online Encyclopedia

SIR WILLIAM CAVENDISH (c. 1505-1557)

Online Encyclopedia
Originally appearing in Volume V05, Page 582 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SIR WILLIAM CAVENDISH (c. 1505-1557)  , founder of the
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English noble house of Cavendish, was the younger
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brother of George Cavendish (q.v.) . His
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father, Thomas, was a descendant of
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Sir John Cavendish, the judge, who in 1381 was murdered by
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Jack
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Straw's insurgent peasants at Bury St Edmunds . Of William's
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education nothing seems known, but in 1530 he was appointed one of the commissioners for visiting monasteries; he worked directly under Thomas Cromwell, whom he calls " master " and to whom many of his extant letters are addressed . In 1541 he was auditor of the court of augmentations, in 1546 treasurer of the king's chamber, and was knighted and sworn of the privy council . Under
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Edward VI. and Mary he continued in favour at court; during the latter's reign he partially conformed, but on the occasion of the war with France he with other
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Derbyshire gentlemen refused the loan of £ioo demanded by the queen . He died in 1557 . Cavendish acquired large properties from the spoils of the monasteries, but in accordance with the wish of his third wife Elizabeth he sold them to
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purchase
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land in Derbyshire . This wife was the celebrated "
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building Bess of Hardwick," daughter of John Hardwicke, of Hardwicke, Derby-
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shire; she completed the
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original building of
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Chatsworth House,—begun in 1553 by her
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husband,—of which nothing now remains . Her
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fourth husband was George Talbot, 6th
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earl of Shrewshury . By her Cavendish had six children; an elder son who died without issue; William, who in 1618 was created earl of Devon• shire; Charles, whose son William became 1st duke of Newcastle; Frances, who married Sir Henry Pierporit,and was the ancestress of the dukes of Kingston; Elizabeth, who married Charles Stuart, earl of Lennox, and was the
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mother of Arabella Stuart; and Mary, who married Gilbert Talbot, 7th earl of Shrewsbury .

End of Article: SIR WILLIAM CAVENDISH (c. 1505-1557)
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HENRY CAVENDISH (1731-1810)
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