PASCUAL See also:

• PASCUAL CERVERA Y TOPETE CERVERA (1839-1909)

CERVERA Y See also:

• TOPETE, JUAN BAUPTISTA (1821-1885)

TOPETE CERVERA (1839-1909)  , See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish See also:

• ADMIRAL

admiral, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• MEDINA
• MEDINA, JOSE TORIBIO (1852- )

Medina Sidonia on the 18th of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1839 . He showed an See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early inclination for the See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea, and his See also:

• FAMILY

family sent him to the See also:

• NAVAL

naval See also:

• CADET (through the Fr. from the Late Lat. capitettum, a diminutive of caput, head, through the Provencal form capdet)

cadet school at the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of twelve . As a sub-See also:

• LIEUTENANT

lieutenant he took See also:

• PART

part in the naval operations on the See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast of See also:

• MOROCCO

Morocco during the See also:

• CAMPAIGN

campaign of 1859-6o . Then he was for some See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time engaged in operations in the Sulu Islands and the Philippines . Afterwards he was on the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

West See also:

• INDIAN

Indian station during the early part of the first Cuban See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War (1868-78), returning to See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain in 1873 to serve on the Basque coast against the Carlists . He distinguished himself in defending the Carraca See also:

• ARSENAL

arsenal near See also:

• CADIZ
• CADIZ (Cadiz)
• CADIZ (in Lat. Gades, and formerly called Cales by the English)

Cadiz against the Federals in 1873 . He won each step in his promotion up to See also:

• FLAG (or " FLAGGE," a common Teutonic word in this sense, but apparently first recorded in English)

flag-See also:

• RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank through his steadiness and brilliant conduct in See also:

• ACTION

action, and was awarded the crosses of the Orders of Military and Naval Merit, See also:

• ISABELLA (1451-15o4)
• ISABELLA, ISABEAU

Isabella the See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic, and St Hermengilde, besides several medals . See also:

• CERVERA, PASCUAL CERVERA Y TOPETE (1839-1909)

Cervera had a See also:

• GREAT

great reputation for decision, unbending See also:

• TEMPER (from Lat. temperare, to mingle or compound in due proportion, to qualify, rule, regulate, to be moderate, formed from tempos, time, fit or due season)

temper and honesty, before he was placed at the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of the See also:

• BILBAO

Bilbao See also:

• BUILDING

building-yards . This See also:

• POST

post he resigned after a few months in See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order to become See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister of marine in 1892, in a See also:

• CABINET

cabinet presided over by See also:

• SAGASTA, PRAXEDES MATEO (1827—1903)

Sagasta . He with-See also:

• DREW
• DREW, SAMUEL (1765-1833)

drew from the cabinet when he found that his colleagues, from See also:

• POLITICAL

political motives, declined to support him in making reforms and, on the other See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand, unwisely cut down the naval estimates . When in 1898 the Spanish-See also:

• AMERICAN

American War (q.v.) See also:

• BROKE, or BROOKE, ARTHUR (d. 1563)
• BROKE, SIR PHILIP BOWES VERE, BART

broke out, he was chosen to command a See also:

• SQUADRON

squadron composed of four first-class cruisers, the " Maria See also:

• THERESA, ST (1515-1582)

Theresa," his See also:

• FLAGSHIP

flagship, " Oquendo," " Vizcaya," and "See also:

• COLUMBUS
• COLUMBUS, CHRISTOPHER [in Spanish CRISTOBAL COLON] (c. 1446, or perhaps rather 1451, -15o6)

Columbus," and"several destroyers . This See also:

• ILL

ill-fated squadron only started upon its reckless cruise across the ocean after its gallant See also:

• COMMANDER

commander had repeatedly warned both the minister of marine and the See also:

• PRIME, PRIMER AND PRIMING

prime minister, Sagasta, in despatches from Cadiz and from the See also:

• CANARY
• CANARY (Serinus canarius)

Canary and Cape Verde Islands, that the See also:

• SHIPS

ships were insufficiently provided with See also:

• COAL

coal and See also:

• AMMUNITION

ammunition .

Some of them, indeed, even lacked proper guns . In compliance with the instructions of the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government, Admiral Cervera made for the landlocked See also:

• HARBOUR (from M.E. hereberge, here, an army; cf. Ger. Heer and -beorg, protection or shelter. Other early forms in English were herberwe and haiborow, as seen in various place names, such as Market Harborough.. The French auberge, an inn, derived through

harbour of See also:

• SANTIAGO, or SANTIAGO DE CHILE

Santiago de See also:

• CUBA (the aboriginal name)

Cuba, where he co-operated in the See also:

• DEFENCE
• DEFENCE (Lat. defendere, to defend)

defence, landing some guns and a naval See also:

• BRIGADE (Fr. and Ger. brigade, Ital. brigata, Span. brigada; the English use of the word dates from the early 17th century)

brigade . In spite of his energetic representations, Cervera received an order from See also:

• MADRID

Madrid, dictated by political considerations, to sally forth . It meant certain destruction . The gallant squadron met forces trebly See also:

• SUPERIOR

superior to it, and was totally destroyed . The admiral, three of his captains, and r800 sailors and See also:

• MARINES (from Lat. mare, sea)

marines were taken by the victors to See also:

• PORTSMOUTH
• PORTSMOUTH, EARLS OF
• PORTSMOUTH, LOUISE DE

Portsmouth, New See also:

• HAMPSHIRE (or COUNTY OF SOUTHAMPTON, abbreviated HANTS)

Hampshire, U.S.A . After the war, Cervera and his captains were tried before the supreme naval and military See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court of the See also:

• REALM

realm, which honourably acquitted them all . In 1901 he became See also:

• VICE

vice-admiral, in 1902 was appointed See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief of See also:

• STAFF (O. Eng. staef, cf. Du. staf, Ger. Stab, &c.; Icel. stafr meant also a written letter, and O. Eng. stafas, the letters of the alphabet; " stave," one of the thin pieces of wood of which a cask is made, is a doublet)

staff of the Spanish See also:

• NAVY

navy, and in 1903 was made See also:

• LIFE

life senator . He died at Puerto Real on the 3rd of See also:

• APRIL

April 1909 .