See also:

• CETYWAYO ( ?-1884)

CETYWAYO ( ?-1884)  , See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king of the Zulus, was the eldest son of King Umpande or See also:

• PANDA (Aelurus fulgens)

Panda, and a 'See also:

• NEPHEW

nephew of the two previous See also:

• KINGS, FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF

kings, Dingaan and Chaka . See also:

• CETYWAYO ( ?-1884)

Cetywayo was a See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man when in 1840 his See also:

• FATHER

father was placed on the See also:

• THRONE

throne by the aid of the See also:

• NATAL

Natal Boers; and three years later Natal became a See also:

• BRITISH

British See also:

• COLONY (Lat. colonia, from colonus, a cultivator)

colony . Cetywayo had inherited much of the military See also:

• TALENT (Lat. talentum, adaptation of Gr. TaXavrov, balance, ! Recollections of a First Visit to the Alps (1841); Vacation Rambles weight, from root raX-, to lift, as in rXi vac, to bear, 1-aXas, and Thoughts, comprising recollections of three Continental

talent of his See also:

• UNCLE

uncle Chaka, the organizer of the Zulu military See also:

• SYSTEM

system, and chafed under his father's peaceful policy towards his British and See also:

• BOER

Boer neighbours . Suspecting Panda of favouring a younger son, Umbulazi, as his successor, Cetywayo made See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war on his See also:

• BROTHER

brother, whom he defeated and slew at a See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• BATTLE

battle on the See also:

• BANKS, GEORGE LINNAEUS (1821-1881)
• BANKS, NATHANIEL PRENTISS (1816–1894)
• BANKS, SIR JOSEPH
• BANKS, THOMAS (1735-1805)

banks of the See also:

• TUGELA (" Startling ")

Tugela in See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1856 . In the following See also:

• YEAR

year, at an See also:

• ASSEMBLY, UNLAWFUL

assembly of the Zulus, it was resolved that Panda should retire from the mangement of the affairs of the nation, which were entrusted to Cetywayo, though the old See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief kept the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of king . Cetywayo was, however, suspicious of the Natal See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government, which afforded See also:

• PROTECTION

protection to two of his See also:

• BROTHERS, RICHARD (1757-1824)

brothers . The feeling of distrust was removed in 1861 by a visit from Mr (afterwards See also:

• SIR

Sir) See also:

• THEOPHILUS

Theophilus See also:

• SHEPSTONE, SIR THEOPHILUS (1817-1893)

Shepstone, secretary for native affairs in Natal, who induced Panda to proclaim Cetywayo publicly as the future king . Friendly relations were then maintained between the Zulus and Natal for many years . In 1872 Panda died, and Cetywayo was declared, king, See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1893, in the presence of Shepstone, to whom he made See also:

• SOLEMN (Lat. sollemnis, sollemnis, less correctly solennis, yearly, annual; from sollus = totus, whole, entire, Gr. Mos., and annus, year)

solemn promises to live at See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace with his neighbours and to govern his See also:

• PEOPLE

people more humanely . These promises were not kept . Not only were See also:

• NUMBERS, BOOK OF
• NUMBERS, PARTITION OF

numbers of his own people wantonly slain (Cetywayo returning defiant messages to the See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor of Natal when remonstrated with), and the military system of Chaka and Dingaan strengthened, but he had a See also:

• FEUD

feud with the See also:

• TRANSVAAL

Transvaal Boers as to the See also:

• POSSESSION
• POSSESSION (Lat. possessio, possidere, to possess)

possession of the territory between the See also:

• BUFFALO

Buffalo and Pongola See also:

• RIVERS
• RIVERS, ANTHONY WOODVILLE, or WYDEVILLE, 2ND EARL (c. 1442—1483)
• RIVERS, EARL
• RIVERS, RICHARD SAVAGE, 4TH EARL (c. 1660—1712)

rivers, and encouraged the chief Sikukuni (Secocoeni) in his struggle against the Boers . This feud with the Boers was inherited by the British government on the See also:

• ANNEXATION (Lat. ad, to, and nexus, joining)

annexation of the Transvaal in 1877 .

Cetywayo's attitude became menacing; he allowed a See also:

• MINOR
• MINOR (Lat. for smaller, lesser)
• MINOR, ROBERT CRANNELL (1839-1904)

minor chief to make raids into the Transvaal, and seized natives within the Natal border . Sir Bartle See also:

• FRERE, JOHN HOOKHAM (1769-1846)
• FRERE, PIERRE EDOUARD (1819-1886)
• FRERE, SIR HENRY BARTLE EDWARD (1815-1884)

Frere, who became high See also:

• COMMISSIONER

commissioner of See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

South See also:

• AFRICA
• AFRICA, ROMAN

Africa in See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1877, found See also:

• EVIDENCE (Lat. evidentia, evideri, to appear clearly)

evidence which convinced him that the Kaffir revolt of that year on the eastern border of Cape Colony was See also:

• PART

part of a See also:

• DESIGN (Fr. desiin, drawing; Lat. designare, to mark out)

design or See also:

• DESIRE

desire " for a See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general and simultaneous rising of Kaffirdom against See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white See also:

• CIVILIZATION

civilization "; and the See also:

• KAFFIRS (Arabic Kafir, an unbeliever)

Kaffirs undoubtedly looked to Cetywayo and the Zulus as the most redoubtable of their champions . In December 1878 Frere sent the Zulu king an See also:

• ULTIMATUM (from Lat. ultimus, last)

ultimatum, which, while awarding him the territory he claimed from the Boers, required him to make reparation for the outrages committed within the British See also:

• BORDERS, THE

borders, to receive a British See also:

• RESIDENT

resident, to disband his regiments, and to allow his young men to marry without the See also:

• NECESSITY (Lat. necessitas)

necessity of having first " washed their spears." Cetywayo, who had found a defender in See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

Bishop See also:

• COLENSO
• COLENSO, JOHN WILLIAM (1814-1883)

Colenso, vouchsafed no reply, and See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord See also:

• CHELMSFORD
• CHELMSFORD, FREDERIC THESIGER, 1ST BARON (1794-1878)

Chelmsford entered See also:

• ZULULAND

Zululand, at the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of 13,000 troops, on the 11th of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1879 to enforce the British demands . The disaster of See also:

• ISANDHLWANA

Isandhlwana and the See also:

• DEFENCE
• DEFENCE (Lat. defendere, to defend)

defence of Rorke's See also:

• DRIFT (from "drive ")

Drift signalized the commencement of the See also:

• CAMPAIGN

campaign, but on the 4th of See also:

• JULY

July the Zulus were utterly routed at See also:

• ULUNDI (Zulu for " high place" )

Ulundi . Cetywayo became a fugitive, but was captured on the 28th of August . His See also:

• KINGDOM

kingdom was divided among thirteen chiefs and he himself taken to Cape See also:

• TOWN

Town, whence he was brought to See also:

• LONDON

London in August 1882 . He remained in See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England less than a See also:

• MONTH
• MONTH (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Mond, Du. maand, Dan. maaned, &c., and cognate with Lat. mensis, Gr. µi7v, &c., in other branches of the Indo-Germanic family; all ultimately from the root seen in the word for the moon in nearly all those languages

month, during which See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time the government (the second See also:

• GLADSTONE
• GLADSTONE, JOHN HALL (1827-1902)
• GLADSTONE, WILLIAM EWART (1809–1898)

Gladstone See also:

• ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

administration) announced that they had decided upon his restoration . To his great disappointment, however, restoration proved to refer only to a portion of his old kingdom . Even there one of his kinsmen and chief enemies, Usibepu, was allowed to retain the territory allotted to him in 1879 . Cetywayo was reinstalled on the 29th of January 1883 by Shepstone, but his enemies, headed by Usibepu, attacked him within a See also:

• WEEK (from A.S. wicu, Germanic *wikon, probably=change, turn)

week, and after a struggle of nearly a year's duration he was defeated and his See also:

• KRAAL

kraal destroyed . He then took See also:

• REFUGE

refuge in the Native Reserve, where he died on the 8th of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1884 . For a See also:

• QUARTER (through Fr. from Lat. quartarius, fourth part)

quarter of a See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century he had been the most conspicuous native figure in South Africa, and had been the cause of See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long and See also:

• BITTER, KARL THEODORE FRANCIS (1867– )

bitter See also:

• POLITICAL

political controversy in Great See also:

• BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain .

His son DINIzuLu afterwards attempted to become king, was exiled (1889) to St See also:

• HELENA
• HELENA, ST (c. 247-c. 327)

Helena, permitted to return (1898), and granted the position of a chief . In December 1907 Dinizulu was imprisoned at Maritzburg, being suspected of complicity in the revolt which had occurred in Zululand the previous year . He was kept many months waiting trial, there being considerable See also:

• FRICTION (from Lat. fricare, to rub)

friction between the colonial government and the British government over the incident . He was eventually brought to trial in See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1908 before a See also:

• SPECIAL

special See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court, his defence (to the cost of which the British government contributed £2000) being undertaken by Mr W . P . Schreiner . The trial was not concluded until March 1909 . The See also:

• CHARGE
• CHARGE (through the Fr. from the Late Lat. carricare, to load in a carrus or wagon; cf. " cargo ")

charge of high See also:

• TREASON (Fr. trahison, Lat. traditio)

treason was not proved, but Dinizulu was convicted of harbouring rebels and was sentenced to four years' imprisonment . The See also:

• LIFE

Life of Sir Bartle Frere, by See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John See also:

• MARTINEAU, HARRIET (1802-1876)
• MARTINEAU, JAMES (1805-1900)

Martineau, vol. ii. chaps . 18 to 21, contains much See also:

• INFORMATION (from Lat. informare, to give shape or form to, to represent, describe)

information concerning Cetywayo .