See also:

• CHAIN (through the O. Fr. citable, chcene, &c., from Lat. catena)

CHAIN (through the O. Fr. citable, chcene, &c., from See also:

• LAT

Lat. catena)  , a See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of links of See also:

• METAL
• METAL (through Fr. from Lat. metallum, mine, quarry, adapted from Gr. µATaXAov, in the same sense, probably connected with ,ueraAAdv, to search after, explore, µeTa, after, aAAos, other)

metal or other material so connected together that the whole forms a flexible See also:

• BAND

band or See also:

• CORD (derived through the Fr. corde, from the Lat. chorda, Gr. xop(5rt, the string of a musical instrument)

cord . Chains are used for a variety of purposes, such as fastening, securing, or connecting together two or more See also:

• OBJECTS

objects, supporting or lifting weights, transmitting See also:

• MECHANICAL

mechanical See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power, &c.; or as an See also:

• ORNAMENT (Lat. ornare, to adorn)

ornament to serve as a See also:

• COLLAR

collar, as a See also:

• SYMBOL (Gr. o-uµ(3oXov, a sign)

symbol of See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office or See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state, or as See also:

• PART

part of the insignia of an See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order of See also:

• KNIGHTHOOD

knighthood; or as a See also:

• DEVICE

device from which to hang a jewelled or other See also:

• PENDANT (through Fr. from Lat. pendere, to hang)

pendant, a See also:

• WATCH (in O. Eng. wcecce, a keeping guard or watching, from wacian, to guard, watch, wacan, to wake)

watch, &c . (see COLLAR) . Ornamental chains are made with a See also:

• GREAT

great variety of links, but those intended for utilitarian purposes are mostly of two types . In See also:

• STUD

stud chains a stud or See also:

• BRACE (through the Fr. from the plural of the Lat. bracchium, the arm)
• BRACE, CHARLES LORING (1826-189o)
• BRACE, JULIA (1806-1884)

brace is inserted across each See also:

• LINK

link to prevent its sides from collapsing inwards under See also:

• STRAIN (through O. Fr. straindre, estraindre, mod. i treindre, from Lat. stringere, to draw tight, related to stress, stretch, string, &c.)

strain, whereas in open link chains the links have no studs . The addition of studs is reckoned to increase the load which the See also:

• CHAIN (through the O. Fr. citable, chcene, &c., from Lat. catena)

chain can safely See also:

• BEAR
• BEAR, BLACK
• BEAR, BROWN
• BEAR, GRIZZLY
• BEAR, ISABELLINE
• BEAR, WHITE

bear by 50% . Small chains of the open-link type are to a great extent made by machinery . For larger sizes the See also:

• SMITH
• SMITH, ADAM (1723–1790)
• SMITH, ALEXANDER (183o-1867)
• SMITH, ANDREW JACKSON (1815-1897)
• SMITH, CHARLES EMORY (1842–1908)
• SMITH, CHARLES FERGUSON (1807–1862)
• SMITH, CHARLOTTE (1749-1806)
• SMITH, COLVIN (1795—1875)
• SMITH, EDMUND KIRBY (1824-1893)
• SMITH, G
• SMITH, GEORGE (1789-1846)
• SMITH, GEORGE (184o-1876)
• SMITH, GEORGE ADAM (1856- )
• SMITH, GERRIT (1797–1874)
• SMITH, GOLDWIN (1823-191o)
• SMITH, HENRY BOYNTON (1815-1877)
• SMITH, HENRY JOHN STEPHEN (1826-1883)
• SMITH, HENRY PRESERVED (1847– )
• SMITH, JAMES (1775–1839)
• SMITH, JOHN (1579-1631)
• SMITH, JOHN RAPHAEL (1752–1812)
• SMITH, JOSEPH, JR
• SMITH, MORGAN LEWIS (1822–1874)
• SMITH, RICHARD BAIRD (1818-1861)
• SMITH, ROBERT (1689-1768)
• SMITH, SIR HENRY GEORGE WAKELYN
• SMITH, SIR THOMAS (1513-1577)
• SMITH, SIR WILLIAM (1813-1893)
• SMITH, SIR WILLIAM SIDNEY (1764-1840)
• SMITH, SYDNEY (1771-1845)
• SMITH, THOMAS SOUTHWOOD (1788-1861)
• SMITH, WILLIAM (1769-1839)
• SMITH, WILLIAM (c. 1730-1819)
• SMITH, WILLIAM (fl. 1596)
• SMITH, WILLIAM FARRAR (1824—1903)
• SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1808—1872)
• SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1825—1891)
• SMITH, WILLIAM ROBERTSON (1846-'894)

smith cuts off a length of See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron See also:

• ROD (O.E. rodd, probably related to Norw. rudda, stick, rodda, stake)
• ROD, EDOUARD (1857-1910)

rod of suitable See also:

• DIAMETER (from the Cr. &a, through, µErpov, measure)

diameter, forms it while hot to the shape of the link by repeated blows of his See also:

• HAMMER, FRIEDRICH JULIUS (1810-1862)

hammer, and welds together the two ends of the link, previously slipped inside its See also:

• FELLOW

fellow, by the aid of the same See also:

• TOOL (0. Eng. tdl, generally referred to a root seen in the Goth. taujan, to make, or in the English word " taw," to work or dress leather)

tool; in some cases the bending is done in a mechanical See also:

• PRESS (through Fr. presse from Lat. pressare, frequentative of premere, to crush, squeeze, press)

press and the See also:

• WELDING (i.e. the action of the verb " to weld," the same word as " to well," to boil or spring up, the history of the word being to boil, to heat to a high degree, to beat heated iron; according to Skeat, who points out that in Swedish the compound verb

welding under a power hammer (see also See also:

• CABLE (from Late Lat. capulum, a halter, from capere, to take hold of)
• CABLE, GEORGE WASHINGTON (1844– )

CABLE) . Weldless chains are also made; in A . G . Strathern's See also:

• PROCESS

process, for instance, cruciform See also:

• STEEL, FLORA ANNIE (1847– )

steel bars are pressed, while hot, into links, each without join and engaging with its neighbours . Chains used for transmitting power are known as See also:

• PITCH
• PITCH, MUSICAL

pitch-chains; the chain of a See also:

• BICYCLE (from prefix bi = twice, and Gr. KuKXOr, a circle, wheel)

bicycle (q.v.) is an example .

From the use of the chain as employed to bind or fetter a prisoner or slave, comes the figurative application to anything which serves as a constraining or restraining force; and from its series of connected links, to any series of objects, events, arguments, &c., connected by See also:

• SUCCESSION (Lat. successio, from succedere, to follow after)

succession, logical sequence or reasoning .