See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

CHARLES (1270-1325)  , See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

count of See also:

• VALOIS, COUNTS AND DUKES OF
• VALOIS, HENRI DE [VALESIUS] (1603-1676)

Valois, of See also:

• MAINE
• MAINE, ANNE LOUISE BENEDICTE DE BOURBON
• MAINE, SIR HENRY JAMES SUMNER (1822–1888)

Maine, and of See also:

• ANJOU

Anjou, third son of See also:

• PHILIP
• PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
• PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
• PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
• PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)

Philip III., See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king of See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, surnamed the Bold, and of See also:

• ISABELLA (1451-15o4)
• ISABELLA, ISABEAU

Isabella of See also:

• ARAGON, or ARRAGON (in Span. Aragon)

Aragon, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born on the 12th of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1270 . By his See also:

• FATHER

father's will he inherited the four lordships of Crepy, La Ferte–Milon, See also:

• PIERREFONDS

Pierrefonds and Bethisy, which together formed the countship of Valois . In 1284 See also:

• MARTIN (Martinus)
• MARTIN, BON LOUIS HENRI (1810-1883)
• MARTIN, CLAUD (1735-1800)
• MARTIN, FRANCOIS XAVIER (1762-1846)
• MARTIN, HOMER DODGE (1836-1897)
• MARTIN, JOHN (1789-1854)
• MARTIN, LUTHER (1748-1826)
• MARTIN, SIR THEODORE (1816-1909)
• MARTIN, SIR WILLIAM FANSHAWE (1801–1895)
• MARTIN, ST (c. 316-400)
• MARTIN, WILLIAM (1767-1810)

Martin IV., having excommunicated Pedro III., king of Aragon, offered that See also:

• KINGDOM

kingdom to See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles . King Philip failed in an See also:

• ATTEMPT (Lat. adtemptare, attentare, to try)

attempt to See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place his son on this See also:

• THRONE

throne, and died on the return of the expedition . In 1290 Charles married See also:

• MARGARET
• MARGARET (1283–1290)
• MARGARET (1353-1412)
• MARGARET (1489–1541)
• MARGARET, ST (c. 1045–1093)
• MARGARET, ST (SANCTA MARGARITA)

Margaret, daughter of Charles II., king of See also:

• NAPLES
• NAPLES (Ital. Napoli, and Lat. Neapolis)
• NAPLES, KINGDOM OF

Naples, and renounced his pretensions to Aragon . In 1294, at the beginning of the hostilities against See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, he invaded See also:

• GUIENNE

Guienne and took La Reole and See also:

• SAINT (lat. sanctus, " holy ")

Saint-Sever . During the See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war See also:

• FLANDERS (Flem. Vlaanderen)

Flanders Woo), he took See also:

• DOUAI

Douai, See also:

• BETHUNE
• BETHUNE (FAMILY)
• BETHUNE, CONON

Bethune and See also:

• DAM

Dam, received the submission of See also:

• GUY, THOMAS (1644–1724)

Guy of Dampierre, and aided King Philip IV., the See also:

• FAIR

Fair, to gain the See also:

• BATTLE

battle of See also:

• MONS (Flemish Bergen)

Mons-en-Pevele, on the 18th of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1304 . Asked by See also:

• BONIFACE (Bonifacius)
• BONIFACE, SAINT (680-754)

Boniface VIII. for his aid against the Ghibellines, he crossed the See also:

• ALPS

Alps in See also:

• JUNE

June 1301, entered See also:

• FLORENCE
• FLORENCE (Ital. Firenze, Lat. Florentia)

Florence, and helped Charles II., the Lame, king of See also:

• SICILY (Ital. Sicilia)

Sicily, to reconquer See also:

• CALABRIA

Calabria and See also:

• APULIA (sometimes APPULIa in manuscripts but never in inscriptions)

Apulia from the See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house of Aragon, but was defeated in Sicily . As after the See also:

• DEATH

death of his first wife Charles had married See also:

• CATHERINE
• CATHERINE, SAINT

Catherine de See also:

• COURTENAY
• COURTENAY, RICHARD (d. 1415)
• COURTENAY, WILLIAM (c. 1342—1396)

Courtenay, a granddaughter of See also:

• BALDWIN, JAMES MARK (1861– )
• BALDWIN, ROBERT (1804–1858)

Baldwin II., the last Latin See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor of See also:

• CONSTANTINOPLE
• CONSTANTINOPLE, COUNCILS OF

Constantinople, he tried to assert his rights to that throne . Philip the Fair also wished to get him elected emperor; but See also:

• CLEMENT (Lat. Clemens, i.e. merciful; Gr. K)4gs)
• CLEMENT, FRANCOIS (1714-1793)
• CLEMENT, JACQUES (1567-1589)

Clement V. quashed his candidature in favour of See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry of See also:

• LUXEMBURG
• LUXEMBURG, FRANCOIS HENRI DE MONTMORENCYBOUTEVILLE, DUKE

Luxemburg, afterwards the emperor Henry VII . Under See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis X . Charles headed the party of feudal reaction, and was among those who compassed the ruin of Enguerrand de See also:

• MARIGNY, ENGUERRAND DE (1260-1315)
• MARIGNY, JEAN DE (d. 1350)

Marigny .

In the reign of Charles IV., the Fair, he fought yet again in Guienne (1324), and died at Perray (See also:

• SEINE
• SEINE (Lat. Sequana)
• SEINE, or SEAN (O. Fr. seigne, mod. seine, Lat. sagena, Gr. vaytivrl, a draw-net)

Seine-et-See also:

• OISE

Oise) on the 16th of See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1325 . His second wife had died in 1307, and in See also:

• JULY

July 1308 he had married a third wife, Mahaut de See also:

• CHATILLON

Chatillon, countess of Saint-Pol . Philip, his eldest son, ascended the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French throne in 1328, and from him sprang the royal house of Valois . See See also:

• JOSEPH
• JOSEPH, COMTE DE (1785-1870)
• JOSEPH, FATHER (FRANCOIS LECLERC DU TREMBLAY) (1577-1638)

Joseph See also:

• PETIT, SIR DINSHAW MANECKJI, BART

Petit, Charles de Valois (See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, 1900) .