See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

CHARLES (1421-1461)  , See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

prince of Viana, sometimes called See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles IV. See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king of See also:

• NAVARRE (Span. Navarra)

Navarre, was the son of See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John, afterwards John II., king of See also:

• ARAGON, or ARRAGON (in Span. Aragon)

Aragon, by his See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage with See also:

• BLANCHE, JACQUES EMILE (1861– )

Blanche, daughter and heiress of Charles III., king of Navarre . Both his See also:

• GRAND

grand-See also:

• FATHER

father Charles and his See also:

• MOTHER

mother, who ruled over Navarre from 1425 to 1441, had bequeathed this See also:

• KINGDOM

kingdom to Charles, whose right had also been recognized by the See also:

• CORTES
• CORTES, HERNAN

Cortes; but when Blanche died in 1441 her See also:

• HUSBAND

husband John seized the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government to the exclusion of his son . The See also:

• ILL

ill-feeling between father and son was increased when in 1447 John took for his second wife See also:

• JOANNA (1479-1555)

Joanna Henriquez, a Castilian princess, who soon See also:

• BORE

bore him a son, afterwards See also:

• FERDINAND
• FERDINAND (1577-1650)
• FERDINAND (COLOGNE)
• FERDINAND (Span. Fernando or Hernando; Ital. Ferdinando or Ferrante; in O. H. Ger. Herinand, i.e. " brave in the host," from O. H. G. Heri, "army," A. S. here, Mod. Ger. Heer, and the Goth. nan]jan, " to dare ")
• FERDINAND, MAXIMILIAN KARL LEOPOLD MARIA

Ferdinand I. king of See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain, and who regarded her stepson as an interloper . When Joanna began to interfere in the See also:

• INTERNAL

internal affairs of Navarre See also:

• CIVIL

civil See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war See also:

• BROKE, or BROOKE, ARTHUR (d. 1563)
• BROKE, SIR PHILIP BOWES VERE, BART

broke out; and in 1452 Charles, although aided by John II., king of See also:

• CASTILE, or CASTILLE (Castilla)

Castile, was defeated and taken prisoner . Released upon promising not to take the kingly See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title until after his father's See also:

• DEATH

death, the prince, again unsuccessful in an See also:

• APPEAL

appeal to arms, took See also:

• REFUGE

refuge in See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy with See also:

• ALPHONSO

Alphonso V., king of Aragon, See also:

• NAPLES
• NAPLES (Ital. Napoli, and Lat. Neapolis)
• NAPLES, KINGDOM OF

Naples and See also:

• SICILY (Ital. Sicilia)

Sicily . In 1458 Alphonso died and John became king of Aragon, while Charles was offered the crowns of Naples and Sicily . He declined these proposals, and having been reconciled with his father returned to Navarre in 1459 . Aspiring to marry a Castilian princess, he was then thrown into See also:

• PRISON (derived through the Fr. from the Lat. prehensio, seizure)

prison by his father, and the Catalans See also:

• ROSE
• ROSE (Rosa)
• ROSE, GEORGE (1744-1818)
• ROSE, HUGH JAMES (1795—1838)
• ROSE, WILLIAM STEWART (1775-1843)

rose in his favour . This insurrection soon became See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general and John was obliged to yield . He released his son, and recognized him as perpetual See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor of See also:

• CATALONIA (Cataluna)

Catalonia, and See also:

• HEIR (Lat. heres, from a root meaning to grasp, seen in heres or erus, master of a house, Gr. xeip, hand, Sans. hat ana, hand)

heir to the kingdom . Soon afterwards, however, on the 23rd of See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 1461, the prince died at See also:

• BARCELONA

Barcelona, not without a suspicion that he had been poisoned by his stepmother . Charles was a cultured and amiable prince, fond of See also:

• MUSIC

music and literature .

He translated the See also:

• ETHICS
• ETHICS, SHAFTESBURY, HOBBES

Ethics of See also:

• ARISTOTLE
• ARISTOTLE (384-322 B.C.)

Aristotle into See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish, a See also:

• WORK

work first published at See also:

• SARAGOSSA (Zaragoza)
• SARAGOSSA, COUNCILS OF (Concilia Caesarauguslana)

Saragossa in 1509, and wrote a See also:

• CHRONICLE (from Gr. Xpovos, time)

chronicle of the See also:

• KINGS, FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF

kings of Navarre, CrOnica de los reyes de Navarra, an edition which, edited by J . Yangues y See also:

• MIRANDA, FRANCESCO (c. 1754-1816)

Miranda, was published at Pampeluna in 1843 . See J. de Moret and F. de Aleson, Angles del reyno de Navarra, tome iv . (Pampeluna, 1866) ; M . J . See also:

• QUINTANA, MANUEL JOSE (1772-1857)

Quintana, Vidas de espanoles celebres (See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, 1827) ; and G . Desdevises du Dezert, See also:

• CARLOS, DON (1545-1568)
• CARLOS, DON (1788-1855)
• CARLOS, DON (CHARLES MARIA DE LOS DOLORES JUAN ISIDOR.E JOSEPH FRANCIS QUIRIN ANTONY MICHAEL GABRIEL RAPHAEL) (1848—1909)

Carlos d'Aragon (Paris, 1889) .