LA BELLE See also:

• LA BELLE CHATEAUNEUF

CHATEAUNEUF  , the name popularly given to RENEE DE RiEux, daughter of See also:

• JEAN

Jean de Rieux, seigneur de See also:

• CHATEAUNEUF, LA BELLE

Chateauneuf, who was descended from one of the greatest families of See also:

• BRITTANY

Brittany . The See also:

• DATES

dates both of her See also:

• BIRTH (a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages from the root of the verb " to bear ")

birth and See also:

• DEATH

death are not known . She was maid of See also:

• HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

honour to the See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

queen-See also:

• MOTHER

mother See also:

• CATHERINE
• CATHERINE, SAINT

Catherine de' See also:

• MEDICI
• MEDICI, GIACOMO (1817-1882)

Medici, and inspired an ardent See also:

• PASSION (post-classical Lat. passio, formed from pati, passus, to suffer, endure)

passion in the See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• ANJOU

Anjou, See also:

• BROTHER

brother of See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles IX . This intrigue deterred the duke from the See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage which it was desired to arrange for him with See also:

• ELIZABETH
• ELIZABETH (1533-1603)
• ELIZABETH (1596-1662)
• ELIZABETH (1635–1650)
• ELIZABETH [ AMELIE EUGENIE ] (1837—1898)
• ELIZABETH [1lisabeth Philippine Marie Helene of France] (1764—1794)
• ELIZABETH [PAULINE ELIZABETH OTTILIE LOUISE] (1843– )
• ELIZABETH [PETROVNA] (1709-1762), EMPRESS
• ELIZABETH, SAINT (1207-1231)

Elizabeth of See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England; but he soon abandoned La Belle Chateauneuf for See also:

• MARIE

Marie of See also:

• CLEVES (Ger. Cleve or Kleve)

Cleves (1571) . The See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court then wished to find a See also:

• HUSBAND

husband for Renee de Rieux, whose singular beauty gave her an See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence which the queen-mother feared, and matches were in turn suggested with the See also:

• VOIVODE (also Vaivode, Vayvode, Wayvode, &c., Med. Gr. oe 68os)

voivode of Transylvania, the See also:

• EARL

earl of See also:

• LEICESTER
• LEICESTER, EARLS OF
• LEICESTER, ROBERT DUDLEY, EARL
• LEICESTER, ROBERT SIDNEY, EARL OF (1563-1626)
• LEICESTER, THOMAS WILLIAM COKE, EARL OF (1754-1842)

Leicester, with Du Prat, See also:

• PROVOST (through O. Fr. prevost, mod. prevot, Lat. praepositus, set over, from praeponere, to place in front)

provost of See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, and with the See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

count of Brienne, all of which came to nothing . Ultimately, on the ground that she had been lacking in respect towards the queen, See also:

• LOUISE [AUGUSTE WILHELMINE AMALIE LUISE] (1776-1810)

Louise of See also:

• LORRAINE

Lorraine-Vaudemont, Renee was banished from the court . She married a Florentine named Antinotti, whom she stabbed in a See also:

• FIT

fit of See also:

• JEALOUSY (adapted from Fr. jalousie, formed from jaloux, jealous, Low Lat. zelosus, Gr. j'i os, ardour, zeal, from the root seen in '&u', to boil, ferment; cf. " yeast ")

jealousy (1577); then she remarried, her husband being See also:

• PHILIP
• PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
• PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
• PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
• PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)

Philip Altoviti, who in 1586 was killed in a See also:

• DUEL (Ital. duello, Lat. duellum—old form of bellum-from duo, two)

duel by the See also:

• GRAND

Grand See also:

• PRIOR (from Lat. prior—former, and hence superior, through O. Fr. priour)
• PRIOR, MATTHEW (1664-1721)

Prior See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry of See also:

• ANGOULEME
• ANGOULEME, CHARLES DE VALOIS, DUKE OF (1573-1650)

Angouleme, who was himself mortally wounded . See also:

• CHATEAU (from Lat. castellum, fortress, through O. Fr. chastel, chasteau)

CHATEAU-RENAULT, See also:

• FRANCOIS (1558-1614)

FRANCOIS See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

LOUIS DE ROUSSELET, See also:

• MARQUIS

MARQUIS DE (1637-1716), See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French See also:

• ADMIRAL

admiral, was the See also:

• FOURTH

fourth son of the third marquis of Chateau-Renault . The See also:

• FAMILY

family was of See also:

• BRETON, BRITTON
• BRETON, JULES ADOLPHE

Breton origin, but had been See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long settled near See also:

• BLOIS

Blois . He entered the See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army in 168, but in 1661 was transferred to the See also:

• NAVY

navy, which Louis XIV. was eager to raise to a high level .of strength . After a See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short See also:

• APPRENTICESHIP (from Fr. apprendre, to learn)

apprenticeship he was made See also:

• CAPTAIN (derived from Lat. ca put, head, through the Low Lat. capitanus)

captain in 1666 . His See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early services were mostly performed in cruises against the See also:

• BARBARY

Barbary pirates (1672) .

In 1673 he was named chef d'escadre, and he was promoted See also:

• LIEUTENANT

lieutenant See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general See also:

• DES

des armees navales in 1687 . During the See also:

• WARS

wars up to this date he had few chances of distinction, but he had been wounded in See also:

• ACTION

action with the pirates, and had been on a cruise to the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

West Indies . When See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war See also:

• BROKE, or BROOKE, ARTHUR (d. 1563)
• BROKE, SIR PHILIP BOWES VERE, BART

broke out between England and See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France after the revolution of 1688, he was in command at See also:

• BREST

Brest, and was chosen to carry the troops and stores sent by the French See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king to the aid of See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James II. in See also:

• IRELAND
• IRELAND, CHURCH
• IRELAND, CHURCH OF
• IRELAND, JOHN (1761-1842)
• IRELAND, JOHN (1838- )
• IRELAND, WILLIAM HENRY (1777-1835)

Ireland . Although he was watched by Admiral See also:

• HERBERT (FAMILY)
• HERBERT, GEORGE (1593-1633)
• HERBERT, HENRY WILLIAM
• HERBERT, SIR THOMAS (1606-1682)

Herbert (See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord See also:

• TORRINGTON
• TORRINGTON (GREAT TORRINGTON)
• TORRINGTON, GEORGE BYNG, VISCOUNT (1663-1733)

Torrington, q.v.), with whom he fought an indecisive action in See also:

• BANTRY

Bantry See also:

• BAY

Bay, he executed his See also:

• MISSION

mission with success . Chateau-Renault commanded a See also:

• SQUADRON

squadron under See also:

• TOURVILLE

Tourville at the See also:

• BATTLE

battle of Beachy See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

Head in 169o . He was with Tourville in the attack of the See also:

• SMYRNA (Ismir)

Smyrna See also:

• CONVOY

convoy in 1693, and was named grand See also:

• CROSS

cross of the See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order of See also:

• SAINT (lat. sanctus, " holy ")

Saint Louis in the same See also:

• YEAR

year . Though in See also:

• CONSTANT, BENJAMIN (1845-1902)

constant service, the reduced See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state of the French navy (owing to thefinancial embarrassments of the See also:

• TREASURY

treasury) gave him few openings for fighting at See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea during the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest of the war . On the death of Tourville in 1701 he was named to the vacant See also:

• POST

post of See also:

• VICE

vice-admiral of France . On the outbreak of the War of the See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish See also:

• SUCCESSION (Lat. successio, from succedere, to follow after)

Succession he was named for the difficult task of protecting the Spanish See also:

• SHIPS

ships which were to bring the treasure from See also:

• AMERICA

America . It was a See also:

• DUTY (from " due," that which is owing, O. Fr. deu, dil, past participle of devoir; Lat. debere, debitum; cf. " debt ")

duty of extreme delicacy, for the Spaniards were unwilling. to obey a foreigner, and the French king was anxious that the See also:

• BULLION

bullion should be brought to one of his own ports, a See also:

• SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)

scheme which the Spanish officials were sure to resent if they were allowed to discover what was meant . With the utmost difficulty Chateau-Renault was able to bring the galleons as far as See also:

• VIGO

Vigo, to which See also:

• PORT

port he steered when he learnt that a powerful See also:

• ENGLISH

English and Dutch armament was on the Spanish See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast, and had to recognize that the Spanish See also:

• OFFICERS

officers would not consent to make for a French See also:

• HARBOUR (from M.E. hereberge, here, an army; cf. Ger. Heer and -beorg, protection or shelter. Other early forms in English were herberwe and haiborow, as seen in various place names, such as Market Harborough.. The French auberge, an inn, derived through

harbour or for Passages, which they thought too near France . His See also:

• FLEET

fleet of fifteen French and three Spanish war-ships, having under their care twelve galleons, had anchored on the 22nd of See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September in Vigo Bay .

Obstacles, some of an See also:

• OFFICIAL (Late Lat. QJicialis, for class. Lat. apparitor, from officium, office, duty)

official See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character, and others due to the poverty of the Spanish See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government in resources, arose to delay the landing of the treasure . There was no adequate See also:

• GARRISON
• GARRISON, WILLIAM LLOYD (1805-1879)

garrison in the See also:

• TOWN

town, and the See also:

• LOCAL

local See also:

• MILITIA (Fr. milice, Ger. Miliz, from Lat. miles, soldier, militia, military service)

militia was untrustworthy . Knowing that he would probably be attacked, Chateau-Renault strove to protect his fleet by means of a See also:

• BOOM

boom . The order to See also:

• LAND

land the treasure was delayed, and until it came from See also:

• MADRID

Madrid nothing could be done, since according to See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law it should have been landed at See also:

• CADIZ
• CADIZ (Cadiz)
• CADIZ (in Lat. Gades, and formerly called Cales by the English)

Cadiz, which had a See also:

• MONOPOLY (Gr. govomeXla or govoircaXwv, exclusive sale, from govds, alone, and irwXeiv, to sell)

monopoly of the See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade with America . At last the order came, and the bullion was landed under the care of the Gallician militia which was ordered to escort it to See also:

• LUGO

Lugo . A very large See also:

• PART

part, if not the whole, was plundered by the militiamen and the farmers whose carts had been commandeered for the service . But the bulk of the merchandise was on See also:

• BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

board of the galleons when the allied fleet appeared outside of the bay on the 22nd of See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1702 . See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George See also:

• ROOKE, SIR GEORGE (1650-1709)

Rooke and his colleagues resolved to attack . The fleet was carrying a See also:

• BODY

body of troops which had been sent out to make a landing at Cadiz, and had been beaten off . The fortifications of Vigo were weak on the sea See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side, and on the land side there were none . There was therefore nothing to offer a serious resistance to the See also:

• ALLIES, THOMAS WILLIAM (1813-1903)

allies when they landed soldiers . The fleet of twenty-four See also:

• SAIL

sail was steered at the boom and broke through it, while the troops turned the forts and had no difficulty in scattering the Gallician militia .

In the bay the action was utterly disastrous to the French and Spaniards . Their ships were all taken or destroyed . The See also:

• BOOTY (apparently influenced by " boot," O. Eng. bot, ad-vantage or profit, through an adaptation from an earlier form cognate with Ger. Beute and Fr. butin)

booty gained was far less than the allies hoped, but the damage done to the French and Spanish governments was See also:

• GREAT

great . Chateau-Renault suffered no loss of his See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master's favour by his failure to See also:

• SAVE, or SAVA (Ger. Sau; Hungarian Szdva; Lat. Savus)

save the treasure . The king considered him See also:

• FREE

free from blame, and must indeed have known that the admiral had been trusted with too many secrets to make it safe to inflict a public rebuke . The Spanish government declined to give him the See also:

• RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank of See also:

• GRANDEE (Span. Grande)

grandee which was to have been the See also:

• REWARD

reward for bringing See also:

• HOME
• HOME, DANIEL DUNGLAS (1833-1886)
• HOME, EARLS OF

home the bullion safe . But in 1703 he was made a See also:

• MARSHAL (med. Lat. marescalcus, from O.H.Ger. marah, horse, and scalc, servant)

marshal of France, and shortly afterwards lieutenant-general of Brittany . The fight in Vigo Bay was the last piece of active service performed by Chateau-Renault . In 1708 on the death of his See also:

• NEPHEW

nephew he inherited the marquisate, and on the 15th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1716 he died in Paris . He married in 1684 Marie-See also:

• ANNE (1665-1714)
• ANNE (1693-1740)

Anne-Renee de la See also:

• PORTE, THE SUBLIME (Arab. babi-'ali, the high gate, through the French translation la sublime porte)

Porte, daughter and heiress of the count of Crozon . His eldest son was killed at the battle of See also:

• MALAGA

Malaga 1704, and another, also a See also:

• NAVAL

naval officer, was killed by See also:

• ACCIDENT
• ACCIDENT (from Lat. accidere, to happen)

accident in 1708 . A third son, who too was a naval officer, succeeded him in the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title .

A See also:

• LIFE

life of Chateau-Renault was published in 1903 by M . Calmon-Maison . There is a French as well as an English See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of the part played by him at Bantry Bay and Beachy Head, and the controversy still continues . For the French See also:

• HISTORY

history of the navy under Louis XIV. see See also:

• LEON
• LEON, LUIS PONCE DE (1527-1591)
• LEON, MOSES BEN SI
• LEON, or LEON DE LAS ALDAMAS

Leon See also:

• GUERIN, JEAN BAPTISTE PAULIN (1783-1855)
• GUERIN, PIERRE NARCISSE, BARON (1774-1833)

Guerin, Histoire maritime de la France (1863), vols. iii., iv.; and his See also:

• LES

Les Marins See also:

• ILLUSTRES

illustres (1861) . Also the naval history by Charles Bouzel de la Ronciere . (D .