See also:

• CHECHENZES, TCHETCHEN, or KHISTS (Kisti)

CHECHENZES, TCHETCHEN, or KHISTS (Kisti)  , the last being the name by which they are known to the Georgians, a See also:

• PEOPLE

people of the eastern See also:

• CAUCASUS

Caucasus occupying the whole of See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west Paghestan . They See also:

• CALL (from Anglo-Saxon ceallian, a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch kallen, to talk or chatter)

call themselves Nakhtche, " people." A See also:

• WILD, JONATHAN (c. 1682-1725)

wild, fierce people, they fought desperately against See also:

• RUSSIAN

Russian aggression in the 18th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century under Daiid Beg and See also:

• OMAN

Oman See also:

• KHAN (from the Turki, hence Persian and Arabic Khan)

Khan and See also:

• SHAMYL (c. 1797-1871)

Shamyl, and in the 19th under Khazi-Mollah, and even now some are See also:

• INDEPENDENT

independent in the See also:

• MOUNTAIN (0. Fr. montaigne; popular Lat. montanea, an adjectival form from the classical mons, montis, whence Eng. " mount," a form usually used along with the name of an individual mountain, e.g. Mt Everest)
• MOUNTAIN, THE (La Montagne)

mountain districts . On the surrender of the chieftain Shamyl to See also:

• RUSSIA
• RUSSIA (Rossiya)

Russia in 1859 See also:

• NUMBERS, BOOK OF
• NUMBERS, PARTITION OF

numbers of them migrated into See also:

• ARMENIA (old Persian Armina, Armenian Hayasdan, or Hayq)

Armenia . In physique the See also:

• CHECHENZES, TCHETCHEN, or KHISTS (Kisti)

Chechenzes resemble the Circassians, and have the same haughtiness of See also:

• CARRIAGE

carriage . They are of a generous temperament, very hospitable, but See also:

• QUICK

quick to revenge . They are fond of See also:

• FINE

fine clothes, the See also:

• WOMEN

women wearing See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich See also:

• ROBES (Fr. robe, Late Lat. roba, raupa, meaning (1)

robes with wide, See also:

• PINK

pink See also:

• SILK

silk See also:

• TROUSERS

trousers, See also:

• SILVER

silver bracelets and yellow sandals . Their houses, however, are See also:

• MERE
• MERE, ADALBERT (1838-1909)

mere hovels, some dug out of the ground, others formed of boughs and stones . Before their subjection to Russia they were remarkable for their See also:

• INDEPENDENCE
• INDEPENDENCE, DECLARATION OF
• INDEPENDENCE, WAR OF

independence of spirit and love of freedom . Everybody was equal, and they had no slaves except prisoners of See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war . See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

Government in each See also:

• COMMUNE (Med. Lat. communia, Lat. communis, common)
• COMMUNE, MEDIEVAL

commune was by popular See also:

• ASSEMBLY, UNLAWFUL

assembly, and the See also:

• ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

administration of See also:

• JUSTICE (Lat. justitia)

justice was in the hands of the wronged . See also:

• MURDER

Murder and See also:

• ROBBERY (from O. Fr. rober, to steal)

robbery- with violence could be expiated only by See also:

• DEATH

death, unless the criminal allowed his See also:

• HAIR (a word common to Teutonic languages)

hair to grow and the injured See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man consented to shave it himself and take an See also:

• OATH (0. Eng. ddh)

oath of brotherhood on the See also:

• KORAN

Koran . Otherwise the See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law of See also:

• VENDETTA (Ital. from Lat. vindicta, revenge, vindicare, to defend oneself)

vendetta was fully carried out with curious details .

The wronged man, wrapped in a See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white woollen See also:

• SHROUD (O. Eng. scrud, garment; cf. Icel. skrudh, in the secondary sense of rigging, allied with " shred," O. Eng. screade, a piece, strip)

shroud, and carrying a See also:

• COIN
• COIN (older forms of the word are coyne, quoin and coign, all derived through the O. Fr. coing, and cuigne from Lat. cuneus, a wedge)

coin to serve as See also:

• PAYMENT (Fr. paiement, from payer, to pay; Lat. pacare, to appease, pax, peace)

payment to a See also:

• PRIEST (Ger. Priester, Fr. pretre)

priest for saying the prayers for the dead, started out in See also:

• SEARCH, or VISIT AND SEARCH

search of his enemy . When the offender was found he must fight to a finish . A remarkable See also:

• CUSTOM (from O. Fr. costume, costume or coustume; Low Lat. costuma, a shortened form of consuetudo)

custom among one tribe is that if a betrothed man or woman See also:

• DIES, CHRISTOPH ALBERT (1755-1822)

dies on the See also:

• EVE

eve of her See also:

• WEDDING

wedding, the See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage ceremony is still performed, the dead being formally See also:

• UNITED

united to the living before witnesses, the See also:

• FATHER

father, in See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case it is the girl who dies, never failing to pay her See also:

• DOWRY (in Anglo-Fr. dowarie, O. Fr. douaire, Med. Lat. dotaria, from Lat. dos; from root of dare, to give; in Fr. dot)

dowry . The See also:

• RELIGION
• RELIGION, FOLKLORE, CUSTOM

religion of the Chechenzes is Mahommedanism, mixed, however, with See also:

• CHRISTIAN
• CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM (1608-1663)

Christian doctrines and observances . Three churches near Kistin in See also:

• HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

honour of St See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George and the Virgin are visited as places of See also:

• PILGRIMAGE (Fr. pelerinage, Lat. peregrinatio)

pilgrimage, and rams are there offered as sacrifices . The Chechenzes number upwards of 200,000 . They speak a distinct See also:

• LANGUAGE (adapted from the Fr. langage, from langue, tongue, Lat. lingua)

language, of which there are said to be twenty See also:

• SEPARATE

separate dialects . See Ernest Chanter, Recherches anthropologiques dans le Caucase (See also:

• LYON, MARY MASON (1797-1849)
• LYON, NATHANIEL (1818-1861)

Lyon, 1885–1887) ; D . G . See also:

• BRINTON, DANIEL GARRISON (1837-1899)

Brinton, Races of Man (1890) ; See also:

• HUTCHINSON
• HUTCHINSON, ANNE (c. 1600-1643)
• HUTCHINSON, JOHN (1615-1664)
• HUTCHINSON, JOHN (1674-1737)
• HUTCHINSON, SIR JONATHAN (1828– )
• HUTCHINSON, THOMAS (1711-1780)

Hutchinson, Living Races of Mankind (See also:

• LONDON

London, 1901) .