See also:

• CHEROKEE
• CHEROKEE (native Tsalagi, " cave people ")

CHEROKEE (native Tsalagi, " See also:

• CAVE (Lat. cavea, from caves, hollow)
• CAVE, EDWARD (1691–1754)
• CAVE, WILLIAM (1637–1713)

cave See also:

• PEOPLE

people ")  , a tribe of See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

North See also:

• AMERICAN

American See also:

• INDIANS, NORTH AMERICAN

Indians of Iroquoian stock . Next to the See also:

• NAVAHO, or NAVAJO

Navaho they are the largest tribe in the See also:

• UNITED

United States and live mostly in See also:

• OKLAHOMA (a Choctaw Indian word meaning " red people ")

Oklahoma (formerly See also:

• INDIAN

Indian territory) . Before their removal they possessed a large See also:

• TRACT (from Lat. tractare, to treat of a matter, through Provencal tractat and Ital. trattato)

tract of See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country now distributed among the states of See also:

• ALABAMA

Alabama, See also:

• GEORGIA

Georgia, See also:

• MISSISSIPPI

Mississippi, See also:

• TENNESSEE

Tennessee and the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west of See also:

• FLORIDA

Florida . Their See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief divisions were then settled around the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head-See also:

• WATERS, TERRITORIAL

waters of the See also:

• SAVANNAH

Savannah and Tennessee See also:

• RIVERS
• RIVERS, ANTHONY WOODVILLE, or WYDEVILLE, 2ND EARL (c. 1442—1483)
• RIVERS, EARL
• RIVERS, RICHARD SAVAGE, 4TH EARL (c. 1660—1712)

rivers, and were distinguished as the Elati Tsalagi or See also:

• LOWER

Lower Cherokees, i.e. those in the plains, and Atali Tsalagi or Upper Cherokees, i.e. those on the mountains . They were further divided into seven exogamous clans . Fernando de See also:

• SOTO, FERDINANDO [FERNANDO, Or HERNANDO] DE (1496?—1542)

Soto travelled through their country in 1540, and during the next three centuries they were important factors in the See also:

• HISTORY

history of the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south . They attached themselves to the See also:

• ENGLISH

English in the disputes and contests which arose between the See also:

• EUROPEAN

European colonizers, formally recognized the English See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king in 1730, and in 1955 ceded a See also:

• PART

part of their territory and permitted the erection of English forts . Unfortunately this amity was interrupted not See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long after; but See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace was again restored in 1761 . When the revolutionary See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war See also:

• BROKE, or BROOKE, ARTHUR (d. 1563)
• BROKE, SIR PHILIP BOWES VERE, BART

broke out they sided with the royalist party . This led to their subjugation by the new See also:

• REPUBLIC (Lat. respublica, a commonweal or common-wealth)

republic, and they had to surrender that part of their lands which See also:

• LAY

lay to the south of the Savannah and See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east of the Chattahoochee . Peace was made in 1781, and in 1785 they recognized the supremacy of the United States and were confirmed in their possessions . In 182o they adopted a civilized See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form of See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government, and in 1827, as a " Nation," a formal constitution .

The See also:

• GRADUAL (Med. Lat. gradualis, of or belonging to steps or degrees; gradus, step)

gradual advance of See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white See also:

• IMMIGRATION (from Lat. in, into, and tnigrare, to depart)

immigration soon led to disputes with the settlers, who desired their removal, and See also:

• EXODUS, BOOK OF
• EXODUS, THE

exodus after exodus took See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place; a small part of the tribe agreed (1835) to remove to another See also:

• DISTRICT

district, but the See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main See also:

• BODY

body remained . An See also:

• APPEAL

appeal was made by them to the United States government; but See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

President See also:

• ANDREW (Gr. 'AvBp4as, manly)
• ANDREW, JOHN ALBION (1818-1867)

Andrew See also:

• JACKSON
• JACKSON, ANDREW (1767-1845)
• JACKSON, CYRIL (1746-1819)
• JACKSON, FREDERICK GEORGE (186o– )
• JACKSON, HELEN MARIA (1831–1885)
• JACKSON, MASON (c. 1820-1903)
• JACKSON, THOMAS (1579-1640)
• JACKSON, THOMAS JONATHAN (1824-1863)
• JACKSON, WILLIAM (1730-1803)

Jackson refused to interfere . A force of 2000 men, under the command of See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

General See also:

• WINFIELD

Winfield See also:

• SCOTT, ALEXANDER (fl. 1550)
• SCOTT, DAVID (18o6-1849)
• SCOTT, MICHAEL (1789-1835)
• SCOTT, ROBERT (1811-1887)
• SCOTT, SIR GEORGE GILBERT (1811-1878)
• SCOTT, SIR WALTER, BART
• SCOTT, WILLIAM BELL (1811-1890)
• SCOTT, WINFIELD (1786-1866)

Scott, was sent in 1838, and the Cherokees were compelled to emigrate to their See also:

• PRESENT

present position . After the See also:

• SETTLEMENT
• SETTLEMENT, ACT OF

settlement various disagreements between the eastern and western Cherokees continued for some See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time, but in 1839 a See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

union was effected . In the See also:

• CIVIL

Civil War they all at first sided with the South; but before long a strong party joined the North, and this led to a disastrous internecine struggle . On the cline of the contest they were confirmed in the See also:

• POSSESSION
• POSSESSION (Lat. possessio, possidere, to possess)

possession of their territory, but were forced to give a portion of their lands to their emancipated slaves . Their later history is mainly a See also:

• STORY, JOHN (c. 1510-1571)
• STORY, JOSEPH (1779-1845)
• STORY, ROBERT HERBERT (1835-1907)
• STORY, WILLIAM WETMORE (1819—1895)

story of hopeless struggle to maintain their tribal See also:

• INDEPENDENCE
• INDEPENDENCE, DECLARATION OF
• INDEPENDENCE, WAR OF

independence against the white See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man . In 1892 they sold their western territory known as the " See also:

• CHEROKEE
• CHEROKEE (native Tsalagi, " cave people ")

Cherokee outlet." Until 1906, when tribal government virtually ceased, the " nation " had an elected chief, a See also:

• SENATE (Lat. senatus, from root sen-, as in senex, old; the root is the Sanskrit sana, cf. Gr. 'vos; the same element appears in senor, seigneur, seneschal)

senate and See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house of representatives . Many of them have become Christians, See also:

• SCHOOLS

schools have been established and there is a tribal See also:

• PRESS (through Fr. presse from Lat. pressare, frequentative of premere, to crush, squeeze, press)

press . Those in Oklahoma still number some 26,000, .though most are of mixed See also:

• BLOOD

blood . A See also:

• GROUP

group, known as the Eastern See also:

• BAND

Band, some 1400 strong, are on a See also:

• RESERVATION (Lat. reservare, to keep back)

reservation in North Carolina . Their See also:

• LANGUAGE (adapted from the Fr. langage, from langue, tongue, Lat. lingua)

language consists of two dialects—a third, that of the " Lower " See also:

• BRANCH (from the Fr. branche, late Lat. branca, an animal's paw)

branch, having been lost .

The syllabic See also:

• ALPHABET (see also WRITING)

alphabet invented in 1821 by See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George Guess (Sequoyah) is the See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character employed . See also Handbook of American Indians (See also:

• WASHINGTON
• WASHINGTON (or WASHINGTON COURT HOUSE)
• WASHINGTON, BOOKER TALIAFERRO (c. 1859– )
• WASHINGTON, BUSHROD (1762-1829)
• WASHINGTON, GEORGE (1732-1799)

Washington, 1907) ; T . V . See also:

• PARKER, JOHN HENRY (1806-1884)
• PARKER, JOSEPH (183o-1902)
• PARKER, MARTIN (c. 1600-c. 1656)
• PARKER, MATTHEW (1504-1575)
• PARKER, SAMUEL (164o-1688)
• PARKER, SIR GILBERT (1862— )
• PARKER, SIR HYDE, BART
• PARKER, THEODORE (1810-186o)

Parker, Cherokee Indians (N . Y., 19o9); and INDIANS, NORTH AMERICAN .