See also:

• CHRISTIANIA (officially KRISTIANIA)

CHRISTIANIA (officially KRISTIANIA)  , the See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital of See also:

• NORWAY
• NORWAY (Norge)

Norway, forming a See also:

• SEPARATE

separate See also:

• COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

county (amt), and the seat of a bishopric (stift) . Pop . (19o1) 229,101 . It lies on the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south-eastern See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast, at the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of See also:

• CHRISTIANIA (officially KRISTIANIA)

Christiania See also:

• FJORD, or FIORD

Fjord, about 8o m. from the open See also:

• WATERS, TERRITORIAL

waters of the See also:

• SKAGERRACK

Skagerrack, is 59° 54' N . (about the See also:

• LATITUDE (Lat. latitudo, latus, broad)

latitude of the See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern extremity of the See also:

• SHETLAND, or ZETLAND

Shetland Islands) and lo° 45' E., mainly on the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west See also:

• BANK

bank of the small Aker See also:

• RIVER

river . The situation is very beautiful, See also:

• PINE (Lat. Pinus, Gr. srlrur)

pine-wooded hills rising sharply behind the See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city, while several islands See also:

• STUD

stud the fjord . The See also:

• TOWN

town is mainly See also:

• MODERN

modern, having increased rapidly in and since the second See also:

• HALF

half of the 19th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century, when See also:

• BRICK (derived according to some etymologists from the Teutonic bricke, a disk or plate; but more authoritatively, through the French brique, originally a " broken piece," applied especially to bread, and so to clay, from the Teutonic brikan, to break)

brick and See also:

• STONE
• STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
• STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
• STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
• STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
• STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
• STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
• STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
• STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)

stone largely superseded See also:

• WOOD, ANTHONY A2 (1632-1695)
• WOOD, JOHN GEORGE (1827—1889)
• WOOD, MRS HENRY [ELLEN] (1814—1887)
• WOOD, SEARLES VALENTINE (1798—188o)

wood as the See also:

• BUILDING

building material . It is the seat of See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government, of the supreme courts, of the See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament (Storthing), and of a university . The See also:

• HARBOUR (from M.E. hereberge, here, an army; cf. Ger. Heer and -beorg, protection or shelter. Other early forms in English were herberwe and haiborow, as seen in various place names, such as Market Harborough.. The French auberge, an inn, derived through

harbour is of two parts, the Bjorvik, where the larger steamers See also:

• LIE, JONAS LAURITZ EDEMIL (1833—1908)
• LIE, MARIUS SOPHUS (1842–1899)

lie, and the Pipervik, west of this . On the promontory intervening between these two inlets stands the old fortress of Akershus; occupied as an See also:

• ARSENAL

arsenal and See also:

• PRISON (derived through the Fr. from the Lat. prehensio, seizure)

prison, and having a pleasant See also:

• PROMENADE

promenade upon its ramparts . Until 1719 it was a royal See also:

• PALACE (Lat. Palatium, the name given by Augustus to his residence on the Palatine Hill)

palace . At the head of the Bjorvik the See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal railway station (Hovedbanegaard) stands in the Jernbanetory (railway square), and See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north-west from this runs the principal See also:

• STREET
• STREET, GEORGE EDMUND (1824-1881)

street, Karl-Johans-See also:

• GADE, NIELS WILHELM (1817-189o)

gade .

In this street, passing the Vor Frelsers See also:

• KIRKE, PERCY (c. 1646-1691)

Kirke (ChM-eh of our Saviour), the Storthings-Bygning (parliament-See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house, 1866) is seen, facing a handsome square planted with trees . Beyond this is the See also:

• NATIONAL

National See also:

• THEATRE (BEarpov, " a place for seeing," from OeacOae)

theatre (1899), with See also:

• COLOSSAL

colossal statues of the dramatists See also:

• IBSEN, HENRIK (1828-1906)

Ibsen and BjSrnsen . It faces the Fridericiana University, housed in three 'buildings dating from 1853, but founded by See also:

• FREDERICK
• FREDERICK (Mod. Ger. Friedrich; Ital. Federigo; Fr. Frederic and Federic; M.H.G. Friderich; O.H.G. Fridurih, " king or lord of peace," from O.H.G. fridu, A.S. frith, " peace," and rfh " rich," " a ruler," for derivation of which see HENRY)

Frederick VI. of See also:

• DENMARK
• DENMARK (Danmark)

Denmark in 1811, embracing the five faculties of See also:

• THEOLOGY

theology, See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, See also:

• MEDICINE

medicine, See also:

• HISTORY

history and See also:

• PHILOLOGY

philology, See also:

• MATHEMATICS (Gr. /saBnµar1Kil, Sc. vOcvn or E7rlQTt'µn; from p iN.La, "learning" or "science ")

mathematics and natural sciences . The equipment of the university is very See also:

• COMPLETE

complete: it has attached to it a large and valuable library, natural history, ethnological and numismatic collections, with one of Scandinavian antiquities; also botanical gardens and an See also:

• OBSERVATORY

observatory . The Karl-Johans-gade gives upon the beautiful Slotspark, a wooded See also:

• ELEVATION

elevation crowned with the royal palace (slot), a See also:

• PLAIN (O. Fr. plain, from Lat. plenum)

plain building completed in 1848 . North of the university is the museum of See also:

• ART

art, containing a noteworthy collection of See also:

• SCULPTURE
• SCULPTURE (Lat. sculptura, from sculpere, to carve, cognate with Gr. yXb4ew)

sculpture and paintings of See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient and modern See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign masters, and of native See also:

• WORKS

works . The See also:

• HISTORICAL

historical museum adjoining this contains See also:

• NORTHERN

northern antiquities, including two See also:

• VIKING

viking's See also:

• SHIPS

ships, excavated, in 1867 and 188o respectively, from the See also:

• BURIAL

burial-places of the viking chiefs who owned and, according to See also:

• CUSTOM (from O. Fr. costume, costume or coustume; Low Lat. costuma, a shortened form of consuetudo)

custom, were buried in them . Another noteworthy collection is that of See also:

• INDUSTRIAL

industrial art . The Bank of Norway, the See also:

• EXCHANGE

exchange, and the courts of law lie between the harbours . Other institutions are the Freemasons' See also:

• LODGE
• LODGE, EDMUND (1756-1839)
• LODGE, H
• LODGE, HENRY CABOT (1850– )
• LODGE, SIR OLIVER JOSEPH (1851– )
• LODGE, THOMAS (c. 1558–1625)

Lodge; housed in one of the handsomest buildings in the city (1844), a conservatory of See also:

• MUSIC

music, See also:

• NAVAL

naval, military and art See also:

• SCHOOLS

schools, See also:

• ATHENAEUM

Athenaeum, and the See also:

• GREAT

great Dampkjokken or See also:

• KITCHEN (O.E. cycene; this and other cognate forms, such as Dutch keuken, Ger. Kiuche, Dan. kokken, Fr. cuisine, are formed from the Low Lat. cucina, Lat. coquina, coquere, to cook)

kitchen (1858), where dinners are provided for the poor . The suburbs of Christiania are attractive and rapidly growing . On the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side of the river Aker is that of Oslo, with the existing episcopal palace, and an old See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop's palace, in which See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James VI. of See also:

• SCOTLAND
• SCOTLAND, CHURCH OF
• SCOTLAND, EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF

Scotland (I. of See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England) was betrothed to Princess See also:

• ANNE (1665-1714)
• ANNE (1693-1740)

Anne of Denmark (1589) .

In the environs of the city are the royalplea sure See also:

• CASTLE
• CASTLE (Lat. castellum, a fort, diminutive of castra, a camp; Fr. chateau and chdtel)

castle of Oscarshal (1847-1852), on the See also:

• PENINSULA
• PENINSULA (Lat. paeninsula, from paene, almost, and insula, an island)

peninsula Bygdo (Ladugaard) to the west of the city, and the See also:

• NORWEGIAN

Norwegian national museum (1881), containing industrial and domestic exhibits from the various provinces . See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

Close at See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand is an interesting collection of old Norwegian buildings, brought here from all parts, and re-erected, including an example of the See also:

• TIMBER

timber See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church of the 12th century (Slavekirke) . A collection of ancient agricultural implements is also shown . On HovedO (Head See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

Island) in the fjord, immediately opposite to the Akershus, are the ruins of a Cistercian monastery, founded in 1147 by monks from Kirkstead in See also:

• LINCOLNSHIRE

Lincolnshire, England, and burnt down in 1532 . There are sanatoria and inns among the surrounding hills, on which beautiful gardens are laid out, such as Hans Haugen, Frognersaeter, Holmenkollen, where the famous See also:

• SKI (pronounced " skee," Icel. scidh, snow -shoe, properly " piece of wood ")

ski (See also:

• SNOW (in O. Eng. sndw; a common Indo-European word; cf. in Teutonic languages, Ger. Schnee, Du. sneeuw; in Slavonic snieg', Lith. snegas; Gr. vi4a, Lat. nix, nivis, whence the Romanic forms, Ital. neve, Fr. neige, &c.; Ir. and Gael. sneachd; the original

snow-See also:

• SHOE (a word appearing in the Teutonic languages in various forms, as Ger. Schuh, Swed. and Dan. sko, sometimes supposed to come from an unknown root ska or sku, cover)

shoe) races are held in See also:

• FEBRUARY

February, and , Voksenkollen . Electric tramways connect the city and suburbs, and See also:

• LOCAL

local steamers run from the Pipervik to the neighbouring islands and fjord-side towns and villages . Christiania has two railway stations, the Hovedbanegaard by the Bjorvik, and the Vestbanegaard by the Pipervik . From the first trains run south to See also:

• FREDRIKSHALD (FREDERIKSHALD, FRIEDRICHSHALL)

Fredrikshald and See also:

• GOTHENBURG (Swed. Goteborg)

Gothenburg, east to Charlottenberg and See also:

• STOCKHOLM

Stockholm, north to Harnar and See also:

• TRONDHJEM, or THRONDHJEM (sometimes written in the German form Drontheim)

Trondhjem, and Otta in See also:

• GUDBRANDSDAL

Gudbrandsdal, and to Gjovik and the Valdres See also:

• DISTRICT

district . From the west station start the lines to Dramrnen, See also:

• LAURVIK, LARVIK

Laurvik, See also:

• SKIEN

Skien and See also:

• KONGSBERG

Kongsberg (for the See also:

• TELEMARK

Telemark district) . The eastward See also:

• EXTENSION (Lat. ex, out ; tendere, to stretch)

extension of the railway between See also:

• BERGEN

Bergen and See also:

• VOSSEVANGEN

Vossevangen, undertaken in 1896, had as its ultimate See also:

• OBJECT

object the connexion of Christiania and Bergen by See also:

• RAIL

rail . With these extensive See also:

• LAND

land communications Christiania is at once the principal See also:

• EMPORIUM (a Latin adaptation of the Gr. Eµabpuov, from f)

emporium of southern Norway, and a favourite centre of the extensive tourist See also:

• TRAFFIC

traffic . See also:

• REGULAR

Regular passenger steamers serve the See also:

• PORT

port from See also:

• HULL
• HULL (in O.Eng. hulu, from helan, to cover, cf. Ger. Hiille, covering)
• HULL (officially KINGSTON-UPON-HULL)
• HULL, ISAAC (1775-1843)

Hull, See also:

• NEWCASTLE
• NEWCASTLE, DUKES OF

Newcastle, See also:

• GRANGEMOUTH

Grangemouth and See also:

• LONDON

London, from Trondhjem, Bergen and the Norwegian coast towns, from See also:

• HAMBURG

Hamburg, Amster-See also:

• DAM

dam, See also:

• ANTWERP
• ANTWERP (Fr. Anvers)

Antwerp, &c .

Except for two large See also:

• SHIPBUILDING

shipbuilding yards, one with a floating See also:

• DOCK

dock, the other with a dry dock, most of the manufactories are concentrated in the suburb of Sagene, on the north side of the city, deriving their See also:

• MOTIVE (from Lat. movere, to move)

motive See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power from the numerous falls of the river Aker . They embrace factories for See also:

• COTTON
• COTTON (Fr. coton; from Arab. qutun)
• COTTON, CHARLES (163o–1687)
• COTTON, GEORGE EDWARD LYNCH (1813–1866)
• COTTON, JOHN (1585–1652)
• COTTON, SIR ROBERT BRUCE

cotton and woollen See also:

• SPINNING (from O. Eng. spinnen, to spin, cf. Ger. spinnen, &c., the Teut. root is seen, to draw out, cf. span, spider)

spinning and See also:

• WEAVING

weaving, See also:

• PAPER
• PAPER (Fr. papier, from Lat. papyrus)

paper, See also:

• FLOUR

flour, See also:

• SOAP

soap and oil, bricks and tiles, matches, nails (especially See also:

• HORSE (a word common to Teutonic languages in such forms as hors, hros, ros; cf. the Ger. ross)

horse-shoe nails), See also:

• MARGARINE

margarine, foundries and See also:

• ENGINEERING

engineering shops, wood-pulp, See also:

• TOBACCO

tobacco,matches, See also:

• LINEN

linen, See also:

• GLASS
• GLASS (O.E. glees, cf. Ger. Glas, perhaps derived from an old Teutonic root gla-, a variant of glo-, having the general sense of shining, cf. " glare," " glow ")
• GLASS, STAINED

glass, See also:

• SAIL

sail-See also:

• CLOTH

cloth, hardware, See also:

• GUNPOWDER

gunpowder, chemicals, with sawmills, breweries and distilleries . There is also a busy See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade in the preparation of See also:

• GRANITE (adapted from the Ital. granite, grained; Lat. granum, grain)

granite paving-stones, and in the storing and packing of See also:

• ICE (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Eis)

ice . Imports greatly exceed exports, the See also:

• ANNUAL

annual values being about 72 and 11 millions See also:

• STERLING
• STERLING, ANTOINETTE (d. 1904)
• STERLING, JOHN (1806-1844)

sterling respectively . The former consist principally of See also:

• GRAIN (derived through the French from Lat. granum, seed, from an Aryan root meaning " to wear down," which also appears in the common Teutonic word " corn ")

grain and flour, cottons and woollens, See also:

• COFFEE (Fr: cafe, Ger. Kaffee)

coffee, See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron (raw and manufactured), See also:

• COAL

coal, See also:

• BACON
• BACON (through the O. Fr. bacon, Low Lat. baco, from a Teutonic word cognate with " back," e.g. O. H. Ger. pacho, M. H. Ger. backe, buttock, flitch of bacon)
• BACON, FRANCIS (BARON VERULAM, VISCOUNT ST ALBANS) (1561-1626)
• BACON, JOHN (1740–1799)
• BACON, LEONARD (1802–1881)
• BACON, ROGER (c. 1214-c. 1294)
• BACON, SIR NICHOLAS (1509-1579)

bacon and See also:

• SALT (a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch zout, Ger. Salz, Scand. salt; cognate with Gr. &Xs, Lat. sal)
• SALT, SIR TITUS, BART

salt See also:

• MEAT

meat, See also:

• OILS (adopted from the Fr. oile, mod. huile, Lat. oleum, olive oil)

oils, See also:

• SUGAR

sugar, machinery, See also:

• FLAX

flax, jute and See also:

• HEMP (in O. Eng. henep, cf. Dutch hennep, Ger. Hanf , cognate with Gr. Kavval3er, Lat. cannabis)

hemp, paper-hangings, paints, See also:

• COLOURS, MILITARY

colours, &c., wines and See also:

• SPIRITS

spirits, raw tobacco, See also:

• COPPER (symbol Cu, atomic weight 63.1, H=1, or 63.6, O = 16)

copper, See also:

• ZINC

zinc, See also:

• LEAD
• LEAD (pronounced iced)

lead and See also:

• TIN (Lat.- stannum, whence the chemical symbol " Sn "; atomic weight =117.6, 0=16)

tin, See also:

• SILK

silk, See also:

• MOLASSES

molasses and other commodities . The principal exports are wood-pulp, timber, nails, paper, See also:

• BUTTER (Lat. butyrum, Gr. 0obrvpov, apparently connected with $ous, cow, and rvpbs, cheese, but, according to the New English Dictionary, perhaps of Scythian origin)

butter and margarine, matches, condensed See also:

• MILK (0. Eng. meoluc; from a common Indo-European root, cf. Lat. mulgere, Gr. ?t dXyetv)

milk, See also:

• FISH (O. Eng. fist, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch visch, Ger. Fisch, Goth. fisks, cognate with the Lat. piscis)
• FISH, HAMILTON (1808-1893)

fish, See also:

• LEATHER (a word which appears in all Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Leder, Dutch leer or leder, Swed. leder, and in such Celtic forms as Welsh llader)
• LEATHER, ARTIFICIAL

leather and hides, ice, sealskins, &c . Of the imports, Great See also:

• BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain supplies the greater See also:

• PART

part of the cotton and woollen See also:

• YARN

yarn, the machinery (including ships), and the raw metals; the See also:

• UNITED

United States about one-half of the oils and fats, and a large proportion of the See also:

• FOOD
• FOOD (like the verb " to feed," from a Teutonic root, whence O. Eng. foda; cf. " fodder "; connected with Gr. lrareicOae, to feed)

food-stuffs, and skins, feathers, &c . Of the exports, almost the whole of the timber goes to Great Britain, together with the larger portion of the paper and food-stuffs (butter, &c.) . The harbour is ice-See also:

• BOUND, or BOUNDARY (from O. Fr. bonde, Med. Lat. bodena or butina, a frontier line)

bound for three or four months in the See also:

• WINTER, JOHN STRANGE
• WINTER, PETER (c. 1755-1825)

winter, when ships lie at Drobak, See also:

• LOWER

lower down the fjord; but ice-breakers are also used . See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

Early in 1899 the See also:

• MUNICIPALITY

municipality voted £47,000 for the construction of a See also:

• PIER (older forms per or Pere, from Med. Lat. pera; the word for piers out of water. For river piers, where a firm, watertight is of obscure origin, and the connexion with Fr. Pierre, Lat. stratum is found at a moderate depth below the river-bed, the pctr

pier, a harbour for fishing-boats, protected by a See also:

• MOLE
• MOLE, LOUIS MATHIEU, COMTE (1781—1855)
• MOLE, MATHIEU (1584—1656)

mole, and a See also:

• QUAY
• QUAY, MATTHEW STANLEY (1833-1904)

quay, 345 ft. See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long, on the See also:

• SHORE

shore underneath the Akershus . These works signalized a great See also:

• SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)

scheme of improvement, involving a See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general rearrangement of the entire harbour . The See also:

• PRESENT

present suburb of Oslo represents the See also:

• ORIGINAL

original city, which was founded on this site under that name (or Opslo) by See also:

• HARALD

Harald Sigurdsson in 1048 .

By the close of the 14th century it was established as the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief city of Norway . Trade was long dominated by the powerful Hanseatic See also:

• LEAGUE

League, at least until the beginning of the 16th century . The town, built mainly of wood, was no less subject to fires than all Norwegian towns have always been, and after one of these See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

King See also:

• CHRISTIAN
• CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM (1608-1663)

Christian IV. refounded the capital on the new site it now occupies, and gave his name to it in 1624 . By the close of the century it was fortified, but this did not prevent See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles XII. from gaining See also:

• POSSESSION
• POSSESSION (Lat. possessio, possidere, to possess)

possession of it in 1716 . See L . Daae, Det gamle Christiania, 7624-7824 (Christiania, 1890) ; Y . Nielsen, Christiania and Umgegend (Christiania, 1894) ; G . Amneus, La Ville de Christiania . . . Resume historique, 6'c . (Christiania, 1900) .