See also:

• SIR

SIR See also:

• RICHARD
• RICHARD (d. 1184)
• RICHARD, FRANCOIS MARIE BENJAMIN (18,9-1908)
• RICHARD, HENRY (1812-1888)
• RICHARD, ST

RICHARD See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• SIR RICHARD CHURCH (1784–1873)

CHURCH (1784–1873)  , See also:

• BRITISH

British military officer and See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general in the See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army, was the son of a Quaker, See also:

• MATTHEW, GOSPEL OF ST
• MATTHEW, ST (MaOOaior or MarOaIos, probably a shortened form of the Hebrew equivalent to Theodorus)
• MATTHEW, TOBIAS

Matthew See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

Church of See also:

• CORK
• CORK (perhaps through Sp. corcha from Lat. cortex, bark, but possibly connected with quercus, oak)
• CORK, RICHARD BOYLE

Cork . He was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in 1784, and at the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of sixteen ran away from See also:

• HOME
• HOME, DANIEL DUNGLAS (1833-1886)
• HOME, EARLS OF

home and enlisted in the army . For this violation of its principles he was disowned by the Society of See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

Friends, but his See also:

• FATHER

father bought him a See also:

• COMMISSION (from Lat. commissio, committere)

commission, dated the 3rd of See also:

• JULY

July 1800, in the 13th (See also:

• SOMERSETSHIRE

Somersetshire) See also:

• LIGHT

Light See also:

• INFANTRY

Infantry . He served in the demonstration against See also:

• FERROL [El Ferrol]

Ferrol, and in the expedition to See also:

• EGYPT

Egypt under See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• RALPH (d. 1122)

Ralph See also:

• ABERCROMBY
• ABERCROMBY, PATRICK (1656–c.-1716)
• ABERCROMBY, SIR RALPH (1734-1801)

Abercromby in 18o1 . After the See also:

• EXPULSION (Lat. expulsio, from expellere)

expulsion of the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French from Egypt he returned home, but came back to the Mediterranean in 18o5 among the troops sent to defend the See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island of See also:

• SICILY (Ital. Sicilia)

Sicily . He accompanied the expedition which landed in See also:

• CALABRIA

Calabria, and fought a successful See also:

• BATTLE

battle against the French at See also:

• MAIDA

Maida on the 6th of July 18o6 . Church was See also:

• PRESENT

present on this occasion as See also:

• CAPTAIN (derived from Lat. ca put, head, through the Low Lat. capitanus)

captain of a recently raised See also:

• COMPANY

company of Corsican Rangers . His zeal attracted the See also:

• NOTICE

notice of his superiors, and he had begun to show his capacity for managing and drilling See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign levies . His Corsicans formed See also:

• PART

part of the See also:

• GARRISON
• GARRISON, WILLIAM LLOYD (1805-1879)

garrison of See also:

• CAPRI (anc. Capreae)

Capri from See also:

• OCTOBER

October 18o6 till the island was taken by an expedition directed against it by See also:

• MURAT, JOACHIM (1767—1815)

Murat, in See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 18o8, at the very beginning of his reign as See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king of See also:

• NAPLES
• NAPLES (Ital. Napoli, and Lat. Neapolis)
• NAPLES, KINGDOM OF

Naples . Church, who had distinguished himself in the See also:

• DEFENCE
• DEFENCE (Lat. defendere, to defend)

defence, returned to See also:

• MALTA
• MALTA (or MEDITERRANEAN) FEVER

Malta after the See also:

• CAPITULATION (Lat. capitulum, a little head or division; capitulare, to treat upon terms)

capitulation . In the summer of 1809 he sailed with the expedition sent to occupy the Ionian Islands . Here he increased the reputation he had already gained by forming a Greek See also:

• REGIMENT (from Late Latin regimentum, rule, regere, to rule, govern, direct)

regiment in See also:

• ENGLISH

English pay .

It included many of the men who were afterwards among the leaders of the Greeks in the See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War of See also:

• INDEPENDENCE
• INDEPENDENCE, DECLARATION OF
• INDEPENDENCE, WAR OF

Independence . Church commanded this regiment at the taking of See also:

• SANTA

Santa Maura, on which occasion his See also:

• LEFT

left See also:

• ARM (a common Teutonic word; the Indo-European root is ar, to join or fit; cf. the Lat. armus, shoulder, and the plural word arma, weapons, Gr. apphs, joint, and the reduplicated apapilKSV, to join)

arm was shattered by a See also:

• BULLET (Fr. boulet, diminutive of boule, ball)

bullet . During his slow recovery he travelled in See also:

• NORTHERN

northern See also:

• GREECE

Greece, and See also:

• MACEDONIA

Macedonia, and to See also:

• CONSTANTINOPLE
• CONSTANTINOPLE, COUNCILS OF

Constantinople . In the years of the fall of See also:

• NAPOLEON

Napoleon (1813 and 1814) he was present as English military representative with the See also:

• AUSTRIAN

Austrian troops until the See also:

• CAMPAIGN

campaign which terminated in the expulsion of Murat from Naples . He See also:

• DREW
• DREW, SAMUEL (1765-1833)

drew up a See also:

• REPORT (O.Fr. report or raport, modern rapport, from O.Fr. reporter, mod. rap porter, Lat. reportare, to bring back, in poetical use only, of bringing back an account, news, &c.)

report on the Ionian Islands for the See also:

• CONGRESS (Lat. congressus, coming together, from congredi; cum, with, and gradus, step)

congress of See also:

• VIENNA (Ger. Wien; Lat. Vindobona)
• VIENNA, CONGRESS OF (1814-1815)

Vienna, in which he argued in support, not only of the retention of the islands under the British See also:

• FLAG (or " FLAGGE," a common Teutonic word in this sense, but apparently first recorded in English)

flag, but of the permanent occupation by See also:

• GREAT

Great See also:

• BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain of See also:

• PARGA

Parga and of other formerly Venetian See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast towns on the See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main-See also:

• LAND

land, then in the See also:

• POSSESSION
• POSSESSION (Lat. possessio, possidere, to possess)

possession of See also:

• ALI

Ali See also:

• PASHA

Pasha of See also:

• IANNINA (i.e. " the city of St John "; Gr. Ioannina; Turk Yanid; also written Janina, Jannina, and, according to its Albanian pronunciation, Yanina)

Iannina . The See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace and the disbanding of his Greek regiment left him without employment, though his reputation was high at the war See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office, and his services were recognized by the See also:

• GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
• GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
• GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
• GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
• GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
• GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
• GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
• GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
• GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
• GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
• GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
• GRANT, U
• GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)

grant of a companionship of the See also:

• BATH
• BATH, THOMAS THYNNE
• BATH, WILLIAM

Bath . In 1817 he entered the service of King See also:

• FERDINAND
• FERDINAND (1577-1650)
• FERDINAND (COLOGNE)
• FERDINAND (Span. Fernando or Hernando; Ital. Ferdinando or Ferrante; in O. H. Ger. Herinand, i.e. " brave in the host," from O. H. G. Heri, "army," A. S. here, Mod. Ger. Heer, and the Goth. nan]jan, " to dare ")
• FERDINAND, MAXIMILIAN KARL LEOPOLD MARIA

Ferdinand of Naples as See also:

• LIEUTENANT

lieutenant-general, with a commission to suppress the See also:

• BRIGANDAGE

brigandage then rampant in See also:

• APULIA (sometimes APPULIa in manuscripts but never in inscriptions)

Apulia . Ample See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers were given him, and he attained a full measure of success . In 182o he was appointed See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor of See also:

• PALERMO (Greek, Havopuos; Latin, Panhormus, Panormus)

Palermo and See also:

• COMMANDER

commander-in-See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief of the troops in Sicily . The revolution which See also:

• BROKE, or BROOKE, ARTHUR (d. 1563)
• BROKE, SIR PHILIP BOWES VERE, BART

broke out in that See also:

• YEAR

year led to the termination of his services in Naples . He escaped from violence in Sicily with some difficulty . At Naples he was imprisoned and put on his trial by the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government, but was acquitted and released in See also:

• JANUARY

January 1821; and King See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George IV. conferred on him a See also:

• KNIGHT, CHARLES (1791-1873)
• KNIGHT, DANIEL RIDGWAY (1845– )
• KNIGHT, JOHN BUXTON (1843–1908)

knight commandership of the Hanoverian See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order .

The rising of the Greeks against the See also:

• TURKS

Turks, which began at this See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time, had his full sympathy from the first . But for some years he had to See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

act only as the friend of the insurgents in See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England . In 1827 he took the See also:

• HONOURABLE (Fr. honorable, from Lat. honorabilis, worthy of honour)

honourable but unfortunate step of accepting the commandership-in-chief of the Greek army . At the point of anarchy and indiscipline to which they had now fallen, the Greeks could no longer See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form an efficient army, and could look for salvation only to foreign intervention . Sir See also:

• RICHARD
• RICHARD (d. 1184)
• RICHARD, FRANCOIS MARIE BENJAMIN (18,9-1908)
• RICHARD, HENRY (1812-1888)
• RICHARD, ST

Richard Church, wholanded in See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March, was sworn " archistrategos " on the 15th of See also:

• APRIL

April 1827 . But he could not secure loyal co-operation or obedience . The rout of his army in an See also:

• ATTEMPT (Lat. adtemptare, attentare, to try)

attempt to relieve the See also:

• ACROPOLIS (Gr. aKpos, top, a6)Xts, city)

acropolis of See also:

• ATHENS
• ATHENS ['AN vat, Athenae, modem colloquial Greek `Ath va]

Athens, then besieged by the Turks, proved that it was incapable of conducting See also:

• REGULAR

regular operations . The acropolis capitulated, and Sir Richard turned to See also:

• PARTISAN, or PARTIZAN

partisan warfare in western Greece . Here his activity had beneficial results, for it led to a rectification in 1832, in a sense favourable to Greece, of the frontier See also:

• DRAWN

drawn by the powers in 183o (see his Observations on an Eligible See also:

• LINE

Line of Frontier for Greece, See also:

• LONDON

London, 183o) . Church had, however, surrendered his commission, as a protest against the unfriendly government of See also:

• CAPO

Capo d'See also:

• ISTRIA (Ger. Istrien)

Istria, on the 25th of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1829 . He lived for the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest of his See also:

• LIFE

life in Greece, was created general of the army in 1854, and died at Athens on the 3oth of March 1873 . Sir Richard Church married in 1826 See also:

• ELIZABETH
• ELIZABETH (1533-1603)
• ELIZABETH (1596-1662)
• ELIZABETH (1635–1650)
• ELIZABETH [ AMELIE EUGENIE ] (1837—1898)
• ELIZABETH [1lisabeth Philippine Marie Helene of France] (1764—1794)
• ELIZABETH [PAULINE ELIZABETH OTTILIE LOUISE] (1843– )
• ELIZABETH [PETROVNA] (1709-1762), EMPRESS
• ELIZABETH, SAINT (1207-1231)

Elizabeth See also:

• AUGUSTA

Augusta See also:

• WILMOT
• WILMOT, DAVID (1814-1868)

Wilmot-See also:

• HORTON, CHRISTIANA (c. 1696–c. 1756)
• HORTON, ROBERT FORMAN (18J5– )
• HORTON, SAMUEL DANA (1844–1895)

Horton, who survived him till 1878 .

See Sir Richard Church, by See also:

• STANLEY (FAMILY)
• STANLEY, ARTHUR PENRHYN (18x5–1881)
• STANLEY, EDWARD (1779-1849)
• STANLEY, SIR HENRY MORTON (184o-1904)
• STANLEY, SIR WILLIAM (1548-163o)
• STANLEY, THOMAS (1625-1678)

Stanley See also:

• LANE, EDWARD WILLIAM (1801–1876)
• LANE, JAMES HENRY (1814–1866)

Lane See also:

• POOLE
• POOLE, MATTHEW (1624-1699)
• POOLE, PAUL FALCONER (1806-1879)
• POOLE, REGINALD STUART (1832-1895)

Poole (London, 1890) ; Sir Richard Church in See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy and Greece, by E . M . Church (See also:

• EDINBURGH

Edinburgh, 1895), based on See also:

• FAMILY

family papers (an See also:

• ITALIAN

Italian version, Brigantaggio e societd segrete nelle Puglie, 1817–1818, executed under the direction of Carlo See also:

• LACAITA, SIR JAMES [Giacomo] (1813-1895)

Lacaita, appeared at See also:

• FLORENCE
• FLORENCE (Ital. Firenze, Lat. Florentia)

Florence in 1899) . The MS . See also:

• CORRESPONDENCE
• CORRESPONDENCE (from med. scholastic Lat. correspondentia, corrcspondere, compounded of Lat. cum, with, and respond ere, to answer; cf. Fr. correspondance)

Correspondence and Papers of Sir Richard Church, in 29 vols., now in the British Museum (Add . See also:

• MSS

MSS . 36543-36571), contain invaluable material for the See also:

• HISTORY

history of the War of Greek Independence, including a narrative ofy the war during Church's See also:

• TENURE (Fr. tenure, from Lat. tenere, to hold)

tenure of the command, which corrects many errors in the published accounts and successfully vindicates Church's reputation against the strictures of See also:

• FINLAY, GEORGE (1799-1875)

Finlay, Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, and other historians of the war (see See also:

• CAM (CAO), DIOGO (fl. 1480-1486)

Cam . Mod . Hist. x. p . 804) . (D .