See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

COUNT See also:

• LUIGI

LUIGI See also:

• COUNT LUIGI CIBRARIO (1802—1870)

CIBRARIO (1802—1870)  , See also:

• ITALIAN

Italian statesman and historian, descended from a See also:

• NOBLE, SIR ANDREW (1832- )

noble but impoverished Piedmontese See also:

• FAMILY

family, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in Usseglia on the 23rd of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1802 . He won a scholarship at the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of sixteen, and was teaching literature at eighteen . His verses to See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

King See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles See also:

• ALBERT
• ALBERT (1490'1545)
• ALBERT (149o-1568)
• ALBERT (1522–1557)
• ALBERT (FRANCIS CHARLES AUGUSTUS ALBERT EMMANUEL) (1819—1861)
• ALBERT (FRIEDRICH RUDOLF ALBRECHT)
• ALBERT, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS
• ALBERT, MADAME (c. 2805—2846)

Albert, then See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

prince of See also:

• CARIGNANO

Carignano, on the See also:

• BIRTH (a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages from the root of the verb " to bear ")

birth of his son See also:

• VICTOR
• VICTOR, GAIUS JULIUS (4th cent. A.D.)
• VICTOR, SEXTUS AURELIUS

Victor See also:

• EMMANUEL, or IMMANUEL

Emmanuel, attracted the prince's See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention and proved the beginning of a See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long intimacy . He entered the Sardinian See also:

• CIVIL

civil service, and in 1824 was appointed lecturer on See also:

• CANON

canon and civil See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law . His See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

• INTEREST

interest was the study of See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient documents, and he was sent to See also:

• SEARCH, or VISIT AND SEARCH

search the archives of See also:

• SWITZERLAND

Switzerland, See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France and See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany for charters See also:

• RELATING

relating to the See also:

• HISTORY

history of See also:

• SAVOY, HOUSE
• SAVOY, HOUSE OF

Savoy . During the See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war of 1848, after the See also:

• EXPULSION (Lat. expulsio, from expellere)

expulsion of the Austrians from See also:

• VENICE
• VENICE (continued)
• VENICE (Venezia)

Venice, See also:

• CIBRARIO, LUIGI, COUNT (1802—1870)

Cibrario was sent to that See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city with Colli to negotiate its See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

union with See also:

• PIEDMONT (Ital. Piemonte; Low Lat. Pedemons and Pedemontium)

Piedmont . But the proposal See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell through when the See also:

• NEWS

news of the See also:

• ARMISTICE (from Lat. arma, arms, and sistere, to stop)

armistice between King Charles Albert and See also:

• AUSTRIA
• AUSTRIA, LOWER (Ger. Niederosterreich or Osterreich unter der Enns, " Austria below the river Enns ")
• AUSTRIA, UPPER (Ger. Oberosterreich or Osterreich ob der Enns, " Austria above the river Enns ")

Austria arrived, and the two delegates were made the See also:

• OBJECTS

objects of a hostile demonstration . In See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1848 Cibrario was made senator, and after the See also:

• BATTLE

battle of See also:

• NOVARA

Novara (See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1849), when Charles Albert abdicated and retired to a monastery near See also:

• OPORTO (i.e. o Porto, " the port ")

Oporto, Cibrario and See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

Count Giacinto di Collegno were sent as representatives of the See also:

• SENATE (Lat. senatus, from root sen-, as in senex, old; the root is the Sanskrit sana, cf. Gr. 'vos; the same element appears in senor, seigneur, seneschal)

senate to See also:

• EXPRESS (through the French from the past participle of the Lat. exprimere, to press out, by transference used of representing objects in painting or sculpture, or of thoughts, &c. in words)

express the sympathy of that See also:

• BODY

body with the fallen king . He reached Oporto on the 28th of May, and after staying there for a See also:

• MONTH
• MONTH (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Mond, Du. maand, Dan. maaned, &c., and cognate with Lat. mensis, Gr. µi7v, &c., in other branches of the Indo-Germanic family; all ultimately from the root seen in the word for the moon in nearly all those languages

month returned to See also:

• TURIN

Turin, which he reached just before the news of Charles Albert's See also:

• DEATH

death . In May 1852 he became See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister of See also:

• FINANCE

finance in the reconstructed d'See also:

• AZEGLIO, MASSIMO TAPARELLI, MARQUIS

Azeglio See also:

• CABINET

cabinet, and later minister of See also:

• EDUCATION

education in that of See also:

• CAVOUR (anc. Caburrum or Forum Vibii)
• CAVOUR, CAMILLO BENSO, COUNT (1810–18.61)

Cavour . In the same See also:

• YEAR

year he was appointed secretary to the See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order of SS . Maurizio and Lazzaro .

It was he who in 1853 dictated the vigorous memorandum of protest against the See also:

• CONFISCATION (from Lat. confiscare, to consign to the fiscus, or imperial treasury)

confiscation by Austria of the See also:

• PROPERTY

property of Lombard exiles who had been naturalized in Piedmont . He strongly supported Cavour's See also:

• CRIMEAN

Crimean policy (1855), and when See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

General La See also:

• MARMORA (anc. Proconnesus)
• MARMORA, SEA OF (anc. Propontis; Turk. Mermer Denisi)

Marmora departed in command of the expeditionary force and Cavour took the war See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office, Cibrario was made minister for See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign affairs . He See also:

• CON

con-ducted the business of the See also:

• DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

department with See also:

• GREAT

great skill, and ably seconded Cavour in bringing about the See also:

• ADMISSION

admission of Piedmont to the See also:

• CONGRESS (Lat. congressus, coming together, from congredi; cum, with, and gradus, step)

congress of See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris on an equal footing with the great See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers . On retiring from the foreign office Cibrario was created count . In 186o he acted as mediator between Victor Emmanuel's See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government and the See also:

• REPUBLIC (Lat. respublica, a commonweal or common-wealth)

republic of See also:

• SAN

San See also:

• MARINO

Marino, and arranged a treaty by which the latter's liberties were guaranteed . After the war of 1866 by which Austria lost See also:

• VENETIA

Venetia, Cibrario negotiated with that government for the restitution of See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state papers and See also:

• ART

art treasures removed by it from See also:

• LOMBARDY

Lombardy and Venetia to See also:

• VIENNA (Ger. Wien; Lat. Vindobona)
• VIENNA, CONGRESS OF (1814-1815)

Vienna . He died in October 187o, near See also:

• SALE
• SALE, GEORGE (c. 1697-1736)
• SALE, SIR ROBERT HENRY (1782—1845)

Sale', on the See also:

• LAKE
• LAKE, GERARD LAKE, 1ST VISCOUNT (1744-1808)

lake of See also:

• GARDA, LAKE OF (the Lacus Benacus of the Romans)

Garda . His most important See also:

• WORK

work was his Economia politica del medio evo (Turin, 1839), which enjoyed great popularity at the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time, but is now of little value . His Schiavitit e servaggio (See also:

• MILAN
• MILAN (Ital. Milano, Ger. Mailand, anc. Mediolanum, q.v.)

Milan, 1868-186g) gave an See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of the development and abolition of See also:

• SLAVERY

slavery and See also:

• SERFDOM (from Fr. serf, Lat. servus, a servant or slave)

serfdom . Among his See also:

• HISTORICAL

historical writings the following deserve mention:—Delle artiglierie dal 1300 al 1700 (Turin, 1847); Origini . . . . della monarchia di Savoia (Turin, 1854); Degli ordini cavallereschi (Turin, 1846); Degli ordini religiose (Turin, 1845); and the Memorie Segrete of Charles Albert, written by order of Victor Emmanuel but afterwards withdrawn .

Cibrario was a See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good example of the loyal, industrious, honest Piedmontese aristocrat of the old school . His See also:

• BIOGRAPHY (from the Gr. (3ios, life, and yp&4 , writing)

biography has been written by F . Odorici, II See also:

• CONTE

Conte L . Cibrario (See also:

• FLORENCE
• FLORENCE (Ital. Firenze, Lat. Florentia)

Florence, 1872) . (L .