See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

THOMAS See also:

• THOMAS CLARKSON (176o-1846)

CLARKSON (176o-1846)  , See also:

• ENGLISH

English See also:

• ANTI, or CAMPA

anti-See also:

• SLAVERY

slavery agitator, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born on the 28th of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 176o, at Wisbeach, in See also:

• CAMBRIDGESHIRE

Cambridgeshire, where his See also:

• FATHER

father was headmaster of the See also:

• FREE

free See also:

• GRAMMAR (from Lat. grammatica, sc. ars; Gr. ypaµ)

grammar school . He was educated at St See also:

• PAUL
• PAUL (PAULUS)

Paul's school and at St See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John's See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, See also:

• CAMBRIDGE
• CAMBRIDGE, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• CAMBRIDGE, RICHARD OWEN (1717-1802)

Cambridge . Having taken the first See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place among the See also:

• MIDDLE

middle bachelors as Latin essayist, he succeeded in 1785 in gaining a similar See also:

• HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

honour among the See also:

• SENIOR, NASSAU WILLIAM (1790-1864)

senior bachelors . The subject appointed by the See also:

• VICE

vice-See also:

• CHANCELLOR (M. Eng. and Anglo-Fr. canceler, chanceler, Fr. chancelier, Lat. cancellarius)

chancellor, Dr Peckhard, was one in which he was himself deeply interested—See also:

• ANNE (1665-1714)
• ANNE (1693-1740)

Anne liceat invitos in servitutem dare ? (Is it right to make men slaves against their will ?) . In preparing for this See also:

• ESSAY, ESSAYIST (Fr. essai, Late Lat. exagium, a weighing or balance; exigere, to examine; the term in general meaning any trial or effort)

essay See also:

• CLARKSON, THOMAS (176o-1846)

Clarkson consulted a number of See also:

• WORKS

works on See also:

• AFRICAN

African slavery, of which the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief was Benezet's See also:

• HISTORICAL

Historical Survey of New See also:

• GUINEA

Guinea; and the atrocities of which he read affected him so deeply that he determined to devote all his energies to effect the abolition of the slave See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade, and gave up his intention of entering the See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church . His first measure was to publish, with additions, an English See also:

• TRANSLATION

translation of his See also:

• PRIZE, or PRIZE OF WAR (Fr. prise, from prendre, to take)

prize essay (See also:

• JUNE

June 1786) . He then commenced to See also:

• SEARCH, or VISIT AND SEARCH

search in all quarters for See also:

• INFORMATION (from Lat. informare, to give shape or form to, to represent, describe)

information concerning slavery . He soon discovered that the cause had already been taken up to some extent by others, most of whom belonged to the Society of See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

Friends, and among the chief of whom were See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William Dillwyn, See also:

• JOSEPH
• JOSEPH, COMTE DE (1785-1870)
• JOSEPH, FATHER (FRANCOIS LECLERC DU TREMBLAY) (1577-1638)

Joseph See also:

• WOOD, ANTHONY A2 (1632-1695)
• WOOD, JOHN GEORGE (1827—1889)
• WOOD, MRS HENRY [ELLEN] (1814—1887)
• WOOD, SEARLES VALENTINE (1798—188o)

Wood and See also:

• GRANVILLE
• GRANVILLE, GRANVILLE
• GRANVILLE, JOHN CARTERET, EARL (1690-1763)

Granville See also:

• SHARP, GRANVILLE (1735-1813)
• SHARP, JAMES (1618-1679)
• SHARP, JOHN (1645-1714)
• SHARP, RICHARD (1759-1835)
• SHARP, WILLIAM (1749-1824)
• SHARP, WILLIAM (1856-1905)

Sharp . With the aid of these gentlemen, a See also:

• COMMITTEE (from commute, an Anglo-Fr. past participle of commettre, Lat. committere, to entrust; the modern Fr. equivalent comite is derived from the Eng.)

committee of twelve was formed in May 1787 to do all that was possible to effect the abolition of the slave trade . Meanwhile Clarkson had also gained the sympathy of See also:

• WILBERFORCE, ROBERT ISAAC (1802-18J7)
• WILBERFORCE, SAMUEL (1805-1873)
• WILBERFORCE, WILLIAM (1759—1833)

Wilberforce, See also:

• WHITBREAD, SAMUEL (1758-1815)

Whitbread, See also:

• STURGE, JOSEPH (1793-1859)

Sturge and several other men of See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence . Travel-See also:

• LING, PER HENRIK (1776-1839)

ling from See also:

• PORT

port to port, he now commenced to collect a large See also:

• MASS (O.E. maesse; Fr. messe; Ger. Messe; Ital. messa; from eccl. Lat. missa)
• MASS, IN

mass of See also:

• EVIDENCE (Lat. evidentia, evideri, to appear clearly)

evidence; and much of it was embodied in his See also:

• SUMMARY

Summary View of the Slave Trade, and the Probable Consequences of its Abolition, which, with a number of other anti-slavery tracts, was published by the committee .

See also:

• PITT, THOMAS (1653-1726)
• PITT, WILLIAM (1759-1806)

Pitt, See also:

• GRENVILLE (or GRANVILLE), SIR RICHARD (r600-1658)
• GRENVILLE (or GREYNVILE), SIR RICHARD (c. 1541-1591)
• GRENVILLE, GEORGE (1712-1770)
• GRENVILLE, SIR BEVIL (1596-1643)
• GRENVILLE, WILLIAM WYNDHAM GRENVILLE, BARON (1759-1834)

Grenville, See also:

• FOX
• FOX, C
• FOX, CHARLES JAMES (1749-1806)
• FOX, EDWARD (c. 1496-1538)
• FOX, GEORGE (1624-1691)
• FOX, RICHARD (c. 1448-1528)
• FOX, ROBERT WERE (1789—1877)
• FOX, SIR STEPHEN (1627–1716)
• FOX, SIR WILLIAM (1812-1893)

Fox and See also:

• BURKE
• BURKE, ROBERT
• BURKE, SIR JOHN BERNARD (1814–1892)
• BURKE, WILLIAM (1792–1829)

Burke looked favourably on the See also:

• MOVEMENT

movement; in May 1788 Pitt introduced a See also:

• PARLIAMENTARY

parliamentary discussion on the subject, and See also:

• SIR

Sir W . See also:

• DOLBEN, JOHN (1625–1686)

Dolben brought forward a See also:

• BILL

bill providing that the number of slaves carried in a See also:

• VESSEL (O. Fr. vaissel, from a rare Lat. vascellum, dim. of vas, vase, urn)

vessel should be proportional to its See also:

• TONNAGE

tonnage . A number of See also:

• LIVERPOOL
• LIVERPOOL, EARLS
• LIVERPOOL, EARLS OF

Liverpool and See also:

• BRISTOL
• BRISTOL, EARLS AND MARQUESSES OF
• BRISTOL, GEORGE DIGBY, 2ND EARL OF1 (1612-1677)
• BRISTOL, JOHN DIGBY, 1ST EARL OF 6 (1580-1653)

Bristol merchants obtained permission from the See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

House to be heard by See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council against the bill, but on the 18th of June it passed the See also:

• COMMONS

Commons . Soon after Clarkson published an Essay on the Impolicy of the Slave Trade; and for two months he was continuously engaged in travelling that he might meet men who were personally acquainted with the facts of the trade . From their lips he collected a considerable amount of evidence; but only nine could be prevailed upon to promise to appear before the privy council . Meanwhile other witnesses had been obtained by Wilberforce and the committee, and on the 12th of May 1789 the former led a debate on the subject in the House of Commons, in which he was seconded by Burke and supported by Pitt and Fox . It was now the beginning of the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French Revolution, and in the See also:

• HOPE, ANTHONY
• HOPE, THOMAS (c. 1770-1831)

hope that he might arouse the French to sweep away slavery with other abuses, Clarkson crossed to See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, where he remained six months . He found See also:

• NECKER, JACQUES (1732—1804)

Necker See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government, and obtained from him some sympathy but little help . See also:

• MIRABEAU, ANDRE BONIFACE LOUIS RIQUETI, VICOMTE DE (1754-1792)
• MIRABEAU, HONORS GABRIEL RIQUETI, COMTE DE (1749-1791)
• MIRABEAU, VICTOR RIQUETI, MARQUIS DE (1715-1789)

Mirabeau, however, with his assistance, prepared a speech against slavery, to be delivered before the See also:

• NATIONAL

National See also:

• ASSEMBLY, UNLAWFUL

Assembly, and the See also:

• MARQUIS

Marquis de la Fayette entered enthusiastically into his views . During this visit Clarkson met a deputation of negroes from Santo Domingo, who had come to See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France to See also:

• PRESENT

present a See also:

• PETITION (Lat. for " seeking " or " praying ")

petition to the National Assembly, desiring to be placed on an equal footing with the whites; but the See also:

• STORM (in O. Eng..storm, and so in Du. and Low Ger.; in O. H. Ger. and mod. Ger. Sturm; the root is probably that seen in " stir," to rouse, move, disturb, cf. Ger. storen)
• STORM, THEODOR WOLDSEN (1817-1888)

storm of the Revolution permitted no substantial success to be achieved . Soon after his return See also:

• HOME
• HOME, DANIEL DUNGLAS (1833-1886)
• HOME, EARLS OF

home he engaged in a search, the apparent hopelessness of which finely displays his unshrinking laboriousness and his passionate See also:

• ENTHUSIASM

enthusiasm . He desired to find some one who had himself witnessed the See also:

• CAPTURE (from Lat. capere, to take; Fr. prise maritime; Ger. Wegnahme)

capture of the negroes in See also:

• AFRICA
• AFRICA, ROMAN

Africa; and a friend having met by See also:

• CHANCE (through the O. Fr. cheance, from the Late Lat. cadentia, things happening, from cadere, to fall out, happen; cf. " case ")

chance a See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man-of-See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war's-man who had done so, Clarkson, though ignorant of the name and address of the sailor, set out in search of him, and actually discovered him .

His last tour was undertaken in See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order to See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form anti-slavery committees in all the See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal towns . At length, in the autumn of 1794, his See also:

• HEALTH

health gave way, and he was obliged to cease active See also:

• WORK

work . He now occupied his See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time in See also:

• WRITING
• WRITING (the verbal noun of " to write," O. Eng. writan, to inscribe)

writing a See also:

• HISTORY

History of the Abolition of the Slave Trade, which appeared in 1808 . The bill for the abolition of the trade became See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law in 1807; but it was still necessary to secure the assent of the other See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers to its principle, To obtain this was, under pressure of the public See also:

• OPINION (Lat. opinio, from opinari, to think)

opinion created by Clarkson and his friends, one of the See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main See also:

• OBJECTS

objects of See also:

• BRITISH

British See also:

• DIPLOMACY (Fr. diplomatic)

diplomacy at the See also:

• CONGRESS (Lat. congressus, coming together, from congredi; cum, with, and gradus, step)

Congress of See also:

• VIENNA (Ger. Wien; Lat. Vindobona)
• VIENNA, CONGRESS OF (1814-1815)

Vienna, and in See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1875 the trade was condemned by the powers . The question of concerting See also:

• PRACTICAL

practical See also:

• MEASURES

measures for its abolition was raised at the Congress of See also:

• AIX

Aix-la-Chapelle in 1818, but without result . On this occasion Clarkson personally presented an address to the See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor See also:

• ALEXANDER
• ALEXANDER (1461-1506)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OF BATTENBERG) (1857-1893)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OsxENOVici) (1876-1903)
• ALEXANDER, ARCHIBALD (1772—1851)
• ALEXANDER, FRANCIS (1800—1881)
• ALEXANDER, GEORGE (1858— )
• ALEXANDER, JOHN WHITE (1856- )
• ALEXANDER, JOSEPH ADDISON (18o9—186o)
• ALEXANDER, SIR JAMES EDWARD (1803—1885)
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM (1824— )
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM LINDSAY (1808—1884)

Alexander I., who communicated it to the sovereigns of See also:

• AUSTRIA
• AUSTRIA, LOWER (Ger. Niederosterreich or Osterreich unter der Enns, " Austria below the river Enns ")
• AUSTRIA, UPPER (Ger. Oberosterreich or Osterreich ob der Enns, " Austria above the river Enns ")

Austria, and See also:

• PRUSSIA
• PRUSSIA (Ger. Preussen; Lat. Borussia)

Prussia . In 1823 the Anti-Slavery Society was formed, and Clarkson was one of its vice-presidents . He was for some time See also:

• BLIND, MATHILDE (1841—1896)

blind from See also:

• CATARACT (from the Lat. form cataracta of the Gr. Karapplucrgss, a floodgate, or waterfall, properly something which rushes down)

cataract; but several years before his See also:

• DEATH

death on the 26th of See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 1846, his sight was restored . Besides the works already mentioned, he published the See also:

• PORTRAITURE

Portraiture of Quakerism (18o6), See also:

• MEMOIRS

Memoirs of William See also:

• PENN, WILLIAM (1621–1670)
• PENN, WILLIAM (1644-1718)

Penn (1813), Researches, Antediluvian, Patriarchal and Historical (1836), intended as a history of the interference of See also:

• PROVIDENCE

Providence for man's spiritual See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good, and Strictures on several of the remarks concerning himself made in the See also:

• LIFE

Life of Wilberforce, in which his claim as originator of the anti-slavery movement is denied . See the lives by See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas See also:

• ELMES, HARVEY LONSDALE (1813-1847)
• ELMES, JAMES (1782-1862)

Elmes (1876) and Thomas See also:

• TAYLOR
• TAYLOR, ANN (1782-1866)
• TAYLOR, BAYARD (1825–1878)
• TAYLOR, BROOK (1685–1731)
• TAYLOR, ISAAC (1787-1865)
• TAYLOR, ISAAC (1829-1901)
• TAYLOR, JEREMY (1613-1667)
• TAYLOR, JOHN (158o-1653)
• TAYLOR, JOHN (1704-1766)
• TAYLOR, JOSEPH (c. 1586-c. 1653)
• TAYLOR, MICHAEL ANGELO (1757–1834)
• TAYLOR, NATHANIEL WILLIAM (1786-1858)
• TAYLOR, PHILIP MEADOWS (1808–1876)
• TAYLOR, ROWLAND (d. 1555)
• TAYLOR, SIR HENRY (1800-1886)
• TAYLOR, THOMAS (1758-1835)
• TAYLOR, TOM (1817-1880)
• TAYLOR, WILLIAM (1765-1836)
• TAYLOR, ZACHARY (1784-1850)

Taylor (1839) .