CLAZOMENAE (mod. Kelisman)  , an ancient town of Ionia and a member of the Ionian Dodecapolis (Confederation of Twelve Cities), on the Gulf of Smyrna, about 20 M . W. of that city . Though not in existence before the arrival of the Ionians in Asia, its original founders were largely settlers from Phlius and Cleonae . It stood originally on the isthmus connecting the mainland with the peninsula on which Erythrae stood; but the inhabitants, alarmed by the encroachments of the Persians, removed to one of the small islands of the bay, and there established their city . This island was connected with the mainland by Alexander the Great by means of a pier, the remains of which are still visible . During the 5th century it was for some time subject to the Athenians, but about the middle of the Peloponnesian war (412 B.c.) it revolted . After a brief resistance, however, it again acknowledged the Athenian supremacy, and repelled a Lacedaemonian attack . Under the Romans Clazomenae was included in the province of Asia, and enjoyed an immunity from taxation . The site can still be made out, in the neighbourhood of Vourla, but nearly every portion of its ruins has been removed . It was the birthplace of the philosopher Anaxagoras . It is famous for its painted terra-cotta sarcophagi, which are the finest monuments of Ionian painting in the 6th century B.C . (E .