See also:

• CLEVELAND
• CLEVELAND (or CLEIVELAND), JOHN (1613—1658)
• CLEVELAND, BARBARA VILLIERS, DUCHESS OF (1641-1709)
• CLEVELAND, STEPHEN GROVER (1837-1908)

CLEVELAND (or CLEIVELAND), See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

JOHN (1613—1658)  , See also:

• ENGLISH

English poet and satirist, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• LOUGHBOROUGH

Loughborough, where he was baptized on the loth of See also:

• JUNE

June 1613 . His See also:

• FATHER

father was assistant to the See also:

• RECTOR (Lat. for " ruler," " guide," &c., from regere, " rule ")

rector and afterwards See also:

• VICAR (Lat. vicarius, substitute)

vicar of See also:

• HINCKLEY

Hinckley . See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John See also:

• CLEVELAND
• CLEVELAND (or CLEIVELAND), JOHN (1613—1658)
• CLEVELAND, BARBARA VILLIERS, DUCHESS OF (1641-1709)
• CLEVELAND, STEPHEN GROVER (1837-1908)

Cleveland was educated at Hinckley school under See also:

• RICHARD
• RICHARD (d. 1184)
• RICHARD, FRANCOIS MARIE BENJAMIN (18,9-1908)
• RICHARD, HENRY (1812-1888)
• RICHARD, ST

Richard Vines, who is described by See also:

• FULLER, ANDREW (1954-1815)
• FULLER, GEORGE (1822—1884)
• FULLER, M
• FULLER, MARGARET, MARCHIONESS
• FULLER, MELVILLE WESTON (1833-1910)
• FULLER, THOMAS (16o8-1661)
• FULLER, WILLIAM (1670--c. 1717)

Fuller as a See also:

• CHAMPION (Fr. champion, Late Lat. campio from campus; a field or open space, i.e. one " who takes the field " or fights; cf. Ger. Kampf, battle, and Kampfer, fighter)

champion of the Puritan party . In his fifteenth See also:

• YEAR

year he was entered at See also:

• CHRIST (Gr. X pLQTOS, Anointed)
• CHRIST, WILHELM VON (1831-1906)

Christ's See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, See also:

• CAMBRIDGE
• CAMBRIDGE, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• CAMBRIDGE, RICHARD OWEN (1717-1802)

Cambridge, and in 1634 was elected to a fellowship at St John's . He took his M.A. degree in 1635, and was appointed college See also:

• TUTOR (Lat. tutor, guardian, tueri, to watch over, protect)

tutor and reader in See also:

• RHETORIC (Gr. psroperctj TEXvq, the art of the orator)

rhetoric . His Latinity and oratorical See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers were warmly praised by Fuller, who also commends the " lofty See also:

• FANCY (a shortened form, dating from the 15th century, of " fantasy," which is derived through the O. Fr. fantasie, modern fantaisie. from the Latinized form of the Gr. cbavraoia, Oavrai'ecv, Oat Pais, to show)

fancy " of his See also:

• VERSE (from Lat. versus, literally a line or furrow drawn by turning the plough, from vertere, and afterwards signifying an arrangement of syllables into feet)

verse . He eagerly opposed the candidature of See also:

• OLIVER, ISAAC (c. 1566--1617)
• OLIVER, PETER (1594-1648)

Oliver See also:

• CROMWELL, HENRY (1628-1674)
• CROMWELL, OLIVER (1599-1658)
• CROMWELL, RICHARD (1626–1712)
• CROMWELL, THOMAS, EARL OF

Cromwell as M.P. for Cambridge, and when the Puritan party triumphed there Cleveland, like many other Cambridge students, found his way (1643) to See also:

• OXFORD
• OXFORD, EARLS OF
• OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
• OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
• OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
• OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
• OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST

Oxford . His gifts as a satirist were already known, and he was warmly received by the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king, whom he followed (1645) to See also:

• NEWARK
• NEWARK (NEWARK-UPON-TRENT)
• NEWARK, DAVID LESLIE, LORD (1601-1682)

Newark . In that year he was formally deprived of his Cambridge fellowship as a " See also:

• MALIGNANT (Lat. malignus, evil-disposed, from maligenus)

malignant." He was See also:

• JUDGE (Lat. judex, Fr. juge)

judge-See also:

• ADVOCATE (Lat. advocatus, from advocare, to summon, especially in law to call in the aid of a counsel or witness, and so generally to summon to one's assistance)

advocate in the See also:

• GARRISON
• GARRISON, WILLIAM LLOYD (1805-1879)

garrison at Newark, and under" the See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor defended the See also:

• TOWN

town until in 1646 See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles I. ordered the surrender of the See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place to See also:

• LESLIE
• LESLIE, CHARLES (1650-1722)
• LESLIE, CHARLES ROBERT (1794–1859)
• LESLIE, FRED [FREDERICK HOBSON] (1855–1892)
• LESLIE, SIR JOHN (1766-1832)
• LESLIE, THOMAS EDWARD CLIFFE (1827-1882)

Leslie; when there is a curious See also:

• STORY, JOHN (c. 1510-1571)
• STORY, JOSEPH (1779-1845)
• STORY, ROBERT HERBERT (1835-1907)
• STORY, WILLIAM WETMORE (1819—1895)

story that the Scottish See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general contemptuously dismissed him as a See also:

• MERE
• MERE, ADALBERT (1838-1909)

mere ballad-monger . He saw Charles's See also:

• ERROR (Lat. error, from errare, to wander, to err)

error in giving himself into the hands of the Scots, and his indignation when they surrendered the king to the See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

Parliament is expressed in the vigorous verses of " The See also:

• REBEL, JOHANN PETER (176o-1826)

Rebel See also:

• SCOT, MICHAEL (? 1175-1232)

Scot," the sting of which survives even now . Cleveland wandered over the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country depending on the See also:

• ALMS

alms of the Royalists for See also:

• BREAD

bread . He at length found a See also:

• REFUGE

refuge at See also:

• NORWICH
• NORWICH, GEORGE GORING, EARL OF (1583?-1663)

Norwich in the See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house of See also:

• EDWARD

Edward See also:

• COOKE, GEORGE FREDERICK (1756–1811)
• COOKE, JAY (1821–1905)
• COOKE, ROSE TERRY (1827-1892)

Cooke, but in 1655 he was arrested as being of no particular occupation, and moreover a See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man whose See also:

• GREAT

great abilities " rendered him able to do the greater disservice." He spent three months in See also:

• PRISON (derived through the Fr. from the Lat. prehensio, seizure)

prison at See also:

• YARMOUTH
• YARMOUTH (GREAT YARMOUTH)

Yarmouth, but was released by See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order of Cromwell, to whom he addressed a manly See also:

• APPEAL

appeal, in which he declared his fidelity to the royal house, pointing out at the same See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time that his poverty and inoffensiveness were sufficient assurance that his freedom was no menace to Cromwell's See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government .

He was released See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early in 1656, and seems to have renewed his wanderings, finding his way eventually to See also:

• GRAY
• GRAY (or GREY), WALTER DE (d. 1255)
• GRAY, ASA (1810-1888)
• GRAY, DAVID (1838-1861)
• GRAY, ELISHA (1835-1901)
• GRAY, HENRY PETERS (1819-18/7)
• GRAY, HORACE (1828–1902)
• GRAY, JOHN DE (d. 1214)
• GRAY, JOHN EDWARD (1800–1875)
• GRAY, PATRICK GRAY, 6TH BARON (d. 1612)
• GRAY, ROBERT (1809-1872)
• GRAY, SIR THOMAS (d. c. 1369)
• GRAY, THOMAS (1716-1771)

Gray's See also:

• INN

Inn, where See also:

• AUBREY, JOHN (1626-1697)

Aubrey says he and See also:

• SAMUEL

Samuel See also:

• BUTLER
• BUTLER (or BOTELER), SAMUEL (1612–168o)
• BUTLER (through the O. Fr. bouteillier, from the Late Lat. buticularius, buticula, a bottle)
• BUTLER, ALBAN (1710-1773)
• BUTLER, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN (1818-1893)
• BUTLER, CHARLES (1750–1832)
• BUTLER, GEORGE (1774-1853)
• BUTLER, JOSEPH (1692-1752)
• BUTLER, NICHOLAS MURRAY (1862– )
• BUTLER, SAMUEL (1774-1839)
• BUTLER, SAMUEL (1835-1902)
• BUTLER, SIR WILLIAM FRANCIS (1838– )
• BUTLER, WILLIAM ARCHER (1814-1848)

Butler had a " See also:

• CLUB (connected with " clump ")

club " every See also:

• NIGHT

night . There he died on the 29th of See also:

• APRIL

April 1658 . Cleveland's poems were more highly esteemed than See also:

• MILTON
• MILTON, JOHN (1608–1674)

Milton's by his contemporaries, and his popularity is attested by the very numerous See also:

• EDITIONS

editions of his See also:

• WORKS

works . His poems are therefore of great value as an See also:

• INDEX

index to the See also:

• TASTE (from Lat. taxare, to touch sharply; tangere, to touch)

taste of the 17th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century . His verse is frequently obscure and full of the far-fetched conceits of the " metaphysical " poets, none of whom surpassed the ingenuity of " Fuscara, or the See also:

• BEE (Sanskrit blza, AS. ben, Lat. apis)

Bee Errant." His satires are vigorous See also:

• PERSONAL

personal attacks, the See also:

• INTEREST

interest of which is, from the nature of the subject, often ephemeral; but the See also:

• ENERGY (from the Gr. ivipyela; iv, in, ipyov, work)

energy of his invective leaves no See also:

• ROOM

room for obscurity in such pieces as " Smectymnuus, or the Club Divines," " Rupertismus " and " The Rebel Scot." Cleveland's works are: " See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

Character of a See also:

• LONDON

London Diurnal," a See also:

• BROADSIDE

broadside; Monumentum regale ... (1649), chiefly by Cleveland, containing three of his elegies on the king; " The King's Disguise " (1646); " On the Memory of Mr Edward King," in the collection of verse which also included Milton's " Lycidas," and many detached poems . For a See also:

• BIBLIOGRAPHICAL

bibliographical See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of Cleveland's peoms see J . M . Berdan, The Poems of John Cleveland (New See also:

• YORK
• YORK (HOUSE OF)
• YORK, EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF (1341-1402)
• YORK, EDWARD
• YORK, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF (1763-1827)
• YORK, RICHARD, DUKE

York, 1903), in which there is a table of the contents of twenty-three editions, of which the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief are: The Character of a London Diurnal, with Several Select Poems (1647); Poems . By John Cleavland . With additions, never before printed (1659); J . Cleaveland Revived .

. . (1659), in which the editor, E . See also:

• WILLIAMSON, ALEXANDER WILLIAM (1824–1904)
• WILLIAMSON, SIR JOSEPH (1633–1701)
• WILLIAMSON, WILLIAM CRAWFORD (18r6–1895)

Williamson, says he inserted poems by other authors, trusting to the See also:

• CRITICAL (in alphabetical order of authors)

critical See also:

• FACULTY (through the French, from the Lat. facultas, ability to do anything, from facilis, easy, facere, to do; another form of the word in Lat. facilitas, facility, ease, keeps the original meaning)

faculty of the readers to distinguish Cleveland's See also:

• WORK

work from the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest; Clievelandi Vindiciae . (1677), edited by two of Cleveland's former pupils, See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

Bishop See also:

• LAKE
• LAKE, GERARD LAKE, 1ST VISCOUNT (1744-1808)

Lake and S . See also:

• DRAKE, NATHAN (1766-1836)
• DRAKE, SIR FRANCIS (c. 1545-1595)

Drake, who profess to take out the See also:

• SPURIOUS

spurious pieces; and a careless compilation, The Works of John Cleveland . . . (1687), containing poems taken from all these See also:

• SOURCES

sources . A prefatory See also:

• NOTE
• NOTE (Lat. nota, mark, sign, from noscere, to know)

note by Williamson makes it clear that only a small proportion of Cleveland's See also:

• POLITICAL

political poems have survived, many of them having been dispersed in MS. among his See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

friends and so lost, and that he refused to authenticate an edition of his works, although most of the earlier collections were genuine .