CLITOMACHUS  ,

Greek philosopher, was a Carthaginian originally named Hasdrubal, who came to Athens about the middle of the and century B.C. at the age of twenty-four . He made himself well acquainted with Stoic and Peripatetic philosophy; but he studied principally under Carneades, whose views he adopted, and whom he succeeded as chief of the New Academy in 129 B.C . He made it his business to spread the knowledge of the doctrines of Carneades, who left nothing in writing himself . Clitomachus' works were some four hundred in number; but we possess scarcely anything but a few titles, among which are De sustinendis assensionib'us (IIEpI E1roXr/s " on suspension of judgment ") and Ilepi aipEOean, (an account of various philosophical sects) . In 146 he wrote a treatise to console his country-men after the ruin of their city, in which he insisted that a wise man ought not to feel grieved at the destruction of his country . Cicero highly commends his works and admits his own debt in the Academics to the treatiseIlepi EIroxi3s . Parts of Cicero's De Nature and De Divinatione, and the treatise De Fato are also in the main based upon Clitomachus . See E . Wellmann in Ersch and Gruber's Allgemeine Encyclopadie; R . Hirzel, Untersuchungen zu Ciceros philosophischen Schriften, i . (1877) Diog . Laert. iv .

67—92; Cicero, Acad . Pr. ii . 31, 32, and Tuse. iii . 22 ; and

article ACADEMY, GREEK .