See also:

• MARQUIS

MARQUIS See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

CHARLES See also:

• COLBERT, JEAN BAPTISTE (1619-1683)

COLBERT DE CROISSY (1625–1696)  , See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French diplomatist, like his See also:

• ELDER (0. Eng. ellarn; Ger. Holunder; Fr. sureau)
• ELDER (Gr. 1rpev(3iTepos)

elder See also:

• BROTHER

brother See also:

• JEAN

Jean See also:

• BAPTISTE

Baptiste See also:

• COLBERT, JEAN BAPTISTE (1619-1683)

Colbert, began his career in the See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office of the See also:

• MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister of See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war Le Tellier . In 1656 he bought a counsellorship at the See also:

• PARLEMENT (see PARLIAMENT)

parlement of See also:

• METZ

Metz, and in 1658 was appointed See also:

• INTENDANT (from Lat. intendens, pres. part. of intendere, to apply the mind to, to watch over; cf. " superintendent ")

intendant of See also:

• ALSACE (Ger. Elsass)

Alsace and See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

president of the newly-created See also:

• SOVEREIGN

sovereign See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council of Alsace . In this position he had to re-organize the territory recently annexed to See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France . The steady support of his brother at See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court gained for him several See also:

• DIPLOMATIC

diplomatic See also:

• MISSIONS (Lat. missio, a sending)

missions—to See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany and See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy (1659–1661) . In 1662 he became See also:

• MARQUIS

marquis de Croissy and president a See also:

• MORTIER, EDOUARD ADOLPHE CASIMIR JOSEPH, DUKE OF TREVISO (1768-1835)

mortier of the parlement of Metz . After various intendancies, at See also:

• SOISSONS

Soissons (1665), at See also:

• AMIENS

Amiens (1666), and at See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris (1667), he turned definitely to See also:

• DIPLOMACY (Fr. diplomatic)

diplomacy . In 1668 he represented France at the See also:

• CONFERENCE

conference of See also:

• AIX

Aix-la-Chapelle; and in See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August of the same See also:

• YEAR

year was sent as See also:

• AMBASSADOR (also EMBASSADOR, the form sometimes still used in America; from the Fr. ambassadeur, with which compare Ital. ambasciatore and Span. embajador, all variants of the Med. Lat. ambassiator, ambassiator, ambasator, &c., derived from Med. Lat. amba

ambassador to See also:

• LONDON

London, where he was to negotiate the definite treaty of See also:

• ALLIANCE

alliance with See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles II . He-arranged the interview at See also:

• DOVER
• DOVER, GEORGE JAMES WELBORE
• DOVER, HENRY JERMYN, EARL OF (c. 1636-1708)
• DOVER, ROBERT (1575-1641)

Dover between Charles and his See also:

• SISTER

sister Henrietta of See also:

• ORLEANS
• ORLEANS, CHARLES, DUKE OF (1391-1465)
• ORLEANS, DUKES OF
• ORLEANS, FERDINAND PHILIP LOUIS CHARLES HENRY, DUKE OF (1810-1842)
• ORLEANS, HENRI, PRINCE
• ORLEANS, HENRIETTA, DUCHESS
• ORLEANS, JEAN BAPTISTE GASTON, DUKE
• ORLEANS, LOUIS
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE JOSEPH
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ROBERT, DUKE
• ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE, DUKE OF (1725–1785)
• ORLEANS, LOUIS, DUKE OF (1372–1407)
• ORLEANS, PHILIP I
• ORLEANS, PHILIP II

Orleans, gained the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king's See also:

• PERSONAL

personal favour by finding a See also:

• MISTRESS

mistress for him, See also:

• LOUISE [AUGUSTE WILHELMINE AMALIE LUISE] (1776-1810)

Louise de Keroualle, maid of See also:

• HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

honour to Madame, and persuaded him to declare war against See also:

• HOLLAND
• HOLLAND, CHARLES (1733–1769)
• HOLLAND, COUNTY AND PROVINCE OF
• HOLLAND, HENRY FOX, 1ST BARON (1705–1774)
• HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, 1ST EARL OF (1S9o-,649)
• HOLLAND, HENRY RICHARD VASSALL FOX, 3RD
• HOLLAND, JOSIAH GILBERT (1819-1881)
• HOLLAND, PHILEMON (1552-1637)
• HOLLAND, RICHARD, or RICHARD DE HOLANDE (fl. 1450)
• HOLLAND, SIR HENRY, BART

Holland . The negotiation of the treaty of See also:

• NIJMWEGEN, NIMEGUEN, NYMEGEN

Nijmwegen (1676–1678) still further increased his reputation as a diplomatist and See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis XIV. made him secretary of See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state for See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign affairs after the disgrace of See also:

• ARNAULD

Arnauld de Pomponne, brought about by his brother, 1679 . He at once assumed the entire direction of French diplomacy . Foreign ambassadors were no longer received and diplomatic instructions were no longer given by other secretaries of state . It was he, not See also:

• LOUVOIS, FRANCOIS MICHEL LE TELLIER, MARQUIS DE (1641–1691)

Louvois, who formed the See also:

• IDEA (Gr. Ibia, connected with i&eiv, to see; cf. Lat. species from specere, to look at)

idea of See also:

• ANNEXATION (Lat. ad, to, and nexus, joining)

annexation during a See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time of See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace, by means of the See also:

• CHAMBERS (the Fr. chambre, from Lat. camera, a room)
• CHAMBERS, EPHRAIM (d. 1740)
• CHAMBERS, GEORGE (1803-1840)
• CHAMBERS, ROBERT (18oz-1871)
• CHAMBERS, SIR WILLIAM (1726-1796)

chambers of See also:

• REUNION

reunion .

He had outlined this See also:

• PLAN
• PLAN (from Lat. planes, flat)

plan as See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early as 1658 with regard to Alsace . His policy at first was to retain the territory annexed by the chambers of reunion without declaring war, and for this purpose he signed See also:

• TREATIES

treaties of alliance with the elector of See also:

• BRANDENBURG

Brandenburg (1681), and with See also:

• DENMARK
• DENMARK (Danmark)

Denmark (1683); but the troubles following upon the revocation of the See also:

• EDICT (Lat. edictum, from e, out, and dicere, to say, speak)

edict of See also:

• NANTES
• NANTES, EDICT OF

Nantes (1685) forced him to give up his See also:

• SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)

scheme and to prepare for war with Germany (1688) . The negotiations for peace had been begun again when he died, on the 28th of See also:

• JULY

July 1696 . His clerk, Bergeret, was his invaluable assistant . Louvois, et Colbert de Croissy," in the Revue historigue, vol. xxxiv . (1887); A . See also:

• WADDINGTON, WILLIAM HENRY (1826–1894)

Waddington, Le See also:

• GRAND

Grand Electeur et Louis XIV (Paris, 1905) ; G . Pagis, Le Grand Electeur et Louis XIV (Paris, 1905) .