See also:

• COLON
• COLON (formerly known as ASPINWALL)

COLON (formerly known as ASPINWALL)  , a See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city of the See also:

• REPUBLIC (Lat. respublica, a commonweal or common-wealth)

Republic of See also:

• PANAMA

Panama, on the See also:

• ATLANTIC

Atlantic See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast, in the See also:

• BAY

Bay of See also:

• LIMON, or PORT LIMON

Limon, and 47 M. by See also:

• RAIL

rail N.W. of the city of Panama . Pop . (1908) about 3000, consisting largely of See also:

• JAMAICA

Jamaica negroes and natives of mixed See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish, See also:

• INDIAN

Indian and See also:

• AFRICAN

African descent . It is served by the Panama railway, which crosses the See also:

• ISTHMUS (Gr.io0pbs, neck)

Isthmus of Panama from ocean to ocean . See also:

• COLON
• COLON (formerly known as ASPINWALL)

Colon has a deep, though poorly sheltered See also:

• HARBOUR (from M.E. hereberge, here, an army; cf. Ger. Heer and -beorg, protection or shelter. Other early forms in English were herberwe and haiborow, as seen in various place names, such as Market Harborough.. The French auberge, an inn, derived through

harbour, and is either the See also:

• TERMINUS

terminus or a See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place of See also:

• CALL (from Anglo-Saxon ceallian, a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch kallen, to talk or chatter)

call for seven lines of steamships . It thus serves as an entrep6t for much of the See also:

• COMMERCE
• COMMERCE (Lat. commercium, from, cum, together, and rnerx, merchandise)

commerce between Atlantic and Pacific ports, and between the interior towns of Central and See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

South See also:

• AMERICA

America and the cities of See also:

• EUROPE

Europe and the See also:

• UNITED

United States . The city lies on the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side of the See also:

• LOW, SETH (1850- )
• LOW, WILL HICOK (1853- )

low See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island of See also:

• MANZANILLO

Manzanillo, is bordered on the landward sides by swamp, and consists mainly of unimposing See also:

• FRAME

frame houses and small shops . The most attractive parts are the See also:

• AMERICAN

American See also:

• QUARTER (through Fr. from Lat. quartarius, fourth part)

quarter, where the employes of the Panama railway have their homes, and the old See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French quarter, where dwelt the French See also:

• OFFICERS

officers during their efforts to build the See also:

• CANAL
• CANAL (from Lat. canalis, " channel " and " kennel " being doublets of the word)

canal . In this last See also:

• DISTRICT

district, near the mouth of the old canal, stands a See also:

• FINE

fine statue of See also:

• CHRISTOPHER, SAINT (Christophorus, Christoferus)

Christopher See also:

• COLUMBUS
• COLUMBUS, CHRISTOPHER [in Spanish CRISTOBAL COLON] (c. 1446, or perhaps rather 1451, -15o6)

Columbus, the See also:

• GIFT (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. die Gift, gift, das Gift, poison, formed from the Teut. stem gab-, to give, cf. Dutch geven, Ger. geben; in O. Eng. the word appears with initial y, the guttural of later English is due to Scandinavian influence)

gift of the empress See also:

• EUGENIE

Eugenie in 1870 . Here also stands the See also:

• MANSION (through O. Fr. mansion, mod. maison, from Lat. mansio, dwelling-place, stage on a journey; manere, to remain)

mansion erected and occupied by See also:

• FERDINAND
• FERDINAND (1577-1650)
• FERDINAND (COLOGNE)
• FERDINAND (Span. Fernando or Hernando; Ital. Ferdinando or Ferrante; in O. H. Ger. Herinand, i.e. " brave in the host," from O. H. G. Heri, "army," A. S. here, Mod. Ger. Heer, and the Goth. nan]jan, " to dare ")
• FERDINAND, MAXIMILIAN KARL LEOPOLD MARIA

Ferdinand de See also:

• LESSEPS, FERDINAND DE (1805-1894)

Lesseps during his See also:

• RESIDENCE (Latin residere, to remain behind, to dwell, reside)

residence on the isthmus . With the exception of railway shops, there are no important See also:

• INDUSTRIAL

industrial establishments . Colon See also:

• DATES

dates its origin from the See also:

• YEAR

year 1850, when the island of Manzanillo was selected as the Atlantic terminus of the Panama railway .

The See also:

• SETTLEMENT
• SETTLEMENT, ACT OF

settlement was at first called Aspinwall, in See also:

• HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

honour of See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William H . Aspinwall (1807-1875), one of the builders of the railway; but some years afterwards its name was changed by legislative enactment to Colon, in honour of Christopher Columbus, who entered Limon Bay in 1502 . The See also:

• ORIGINAL

original name, however, survived among the See also:

• ENGLISH

English-speaking inhabitants for many years after this See also:

• CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

change . With the completion of the railway in 1855, the See also:

• TOWN

town supplanted See also:

• CHAGRES

Chagres (q.v.) as the See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal Atlantic See also:

• PORT

port of the isthmus . Later it acquired increased importance through its selection by de Lesseps as the site for the Atlantic entrance to his canal . During the revolution of 1885 it was partly burned and was rebuilt on a somewhat larger See also:

• PLAN
• PLAN (from Lat. planes, flat)

plan . As the city has always been notoriously unhealthful, the United States, on undertaking the construction of the Panama Canal (q.v.), became interested in preventing its becoming a centre of infection for the Canal See also:

• ZONE (Gr. 'WV77, a girdle, from 'wvvLvay to gird)

Zone, and by the treaty of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1903 secured See also:

• COMPLETE

complete See also:

• JURISDICTION
• JURISDICTION, CRIMINAL LAW, DIVORCE

jurisdiction in the city and harbour over all matters See also:

• RELATING

relating to sanitation and See also:

• QUARANTINE (Fr. quarantaine, a period of forty days 1)

quarantine, and engaged to construct a See also:

• SYSTEM

system of waterworks and sewers in the See also:

• MUNICIPALITY

municipality, which had been practically completed in 1907 . The United States See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government has also opened a port at Cristobal, within the Canal Zone .