See also:

• COLORADO

COLORADO SPRINGS  , a See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city and the See also:

• COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

county-seat of El Paso county, See also:

• COLORADO

Colorado, U.S.A., about 75 M . S. of See also:

• DENVER

Denver . Pop . (1890) 11,140; (1900) 21,085, of whom 2300 were See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign-See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born; (1910) 29,078 . The city is served by the See also:

• ATCHISON

Atchison, See also:

• TOPEKA

Topeka & See also:

• SANTA

Santa Fe, the Denver & Rio Grande, the See also:

• CHICAGO
• CHICAGO, UNIVERSITY OF

Chicago, See also:

• ROCK
• ROCK (O.Fr. rake, Sp. rota, Ital. rocca; possibly from a Lat. form rupica, from rupes, rock)
• ROCK, DANIEL (1799–187t)

Rock See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

Island & Pacific (of which the city is a See also:

• TERMINUS

terminus), the Colorado & See also:

• SOUTHERN

Southern, the Colorado Springs & Cripple See also:

• CREEK
• CREEK (Mid. Eng. crike or creke, common to many N. European languages)

Creek See also:

• DISTRICT

District (See also:

• CON

con-trolled by the Colorado & Southern), and the Colorado Midland See also:

• RAILWAYS

railways, of which the first three are See also:

• CONTINENTAL

continental systems . Continuous on the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west with Colorado Springs is Colorado City (pop. in 1900, 2914), one of the See also:

• OLDEST

oldest settlements of Colorado, and the first See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital (1861) . Colorado Springs is superbly situated where the Rocky Mountains rise from the See also:

• GREAT

great plains of the See also:

• PRAIRIE (adopted from the Fr. prairie, a meadow-tract. Late Lat. prataria, Lat. pratum, meadow)

prairie states, surrounded on all sides by foothills See also:

• SAVE, or SAVA (Ger. Sau; Hungarian Szdva; Lat. Savus)

save in the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south-See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east, where it is open to the prairie . To the south of the See also:

• MESA (Span. mesa, from Lat. mensa, a table)

mesa (tableland) on which it lies is the valley of See also:

• FOUNTAIN (Late Lat. fontana, from ions, a spring)

Fountain Creek . To the west is the See also:

• GRAND

grand background of the See also:

• CANYON (Anglicized form of Span. canon, a tube, pipe or cannon; the Spanish form being also frequently written)

canyon-riven Rampart range, with See also:

• PIKE
• PIKE, ZEBULON MONTGOMERY (1779-1813)

Pike's See also:

• PEAK, THE

Peak (q.v.) dominating a, See also:

• HALF

half-dozen other peaks (among them See also:

• CAMERON, JOHN (1579–1623)
• CAMERON, RICHARD (1648?–168o)
• CAMERON, SIMON (1799-1889)
• CAMERON, VERNEY LOVETT (1844–1894)

Cameron See also:

• CONE (Gr. Kwvos)

Cone, Mt . See also:

• ROSA, CARL AUGUST NICHOLAS (1843-1889)
• ROSA, MONTE
• ROSA, SALVATOR (1615-1673)

Rosa, See also:

• CHEYENNE
• CHEYENNE (Sioux for " of alien speech ")

Cheyenne Mt.) 9000 to 12,000 ft. in height . See also:

• MONUMENT (Lat. monumentum or monumentum; from monere, to advise, bring to mind, remind; the German equivalent is Denkmal)

Monument Creek traverses the city . The streets are of generous width (100-140 ft.), and are well shaded by trees .

There are several See also:

• FINE

fine parks . The city isthe seat of a See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state See also:

• ASYLUM (from Gr. b.-, privative, arid earl, right'of seizure)
• ASYLUM, RIGHT OF (Fr. droit d'asile; Ger. Asylrecht)

asylum for the See also:

• DEAF

deaf, dumb and See also:

• BLIND, MATHILDE (1841—1896)

blind, of a printers' See also:

• HOME
• HOME, DANIEL DUNGLAS (1833-1886)
• HOME, EARLS OF

home for See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

union men, which was endowed in 1892 by See also:

• ANTHONY, SAINT
• ANTHONY, SUSAN BROWNELL (1820-1906)

Anthony J . See also:

• DREXEL, ANTHONY JOSEPH (1826–1893)

Drexel and See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George W . See also:

• CHILDS, GEORGE WILLIAM (1829–1894)

Childs, and of Colorado See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College (1874), one of the leading educational institutions of the Rocky See also:

• MOUNTAIN (0. Fr. montaigne; popular Lat. montanea, an adjectival form from the classical mons, montis, whence Eng. " mount," a form usually used along with the name of an individual mountain, e.g. Mt Everest)
• MOUNTAIN, THE (La Montagne)

Mountain states, and the oldest institution for higher See also:

• EDUCATION

education in the state . The college is coeducational and non-sectarian . In 1908 it had a permanent endowment of about $425,000, a See also:

• FACULTY (through the French, from the Lat. facultas, ability to do anything, from facilis, easy, facere, to do; another form of the word in Lat. facilitas, facility, ease, keeps the original meaning)

faculty of 46 and 607 students; the library contained 40,000 See also:

• BOUND, or BOUNDARY (from O. Fr. bonde, Med. Lat. bodena or butina, a frontier line)

bound volumes and as many See also:

• PAMPHLETS

pamphlets . The departments of the institution are a college of arts; See also:

• SCHOOLS

schools of See also:

• ENGINEERING

engineering (1903), See also:

• MUSIC

music, and (1906) forestry; and the See also:

• CUTLER, MANASSEH (1742-1823)

Cutler See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

Academy, a preparatory school under the See also:

• CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

control of the college . In 1905 Gen . W . J . See also:

• PALMER
• PALMER, EDWARD HENRY (1840-1882)
• PALMER, ERASTUS DOW (1817-1904)
• PALMER, GEORGE (1818-1897)
• PALMER, JOHN
• PALMER, RAY (1808-1887)
• PALMER, SAMUEL (1805-1881)
• PALMER, SIR CHARLES MARK, BART

Palmer (1836-1909) and W . A .

See also:

• BELL
• BELL, ALEXANDER MELVILLE (1819—1905)
• BELL, ANDREW (1753—1832)
• BELL, GEORGE JOSEPH (1770-1843)
• BELL, HENRY (1767-1830)
• BELL, HENRY GLASSFORD (1803-1874)
• BELL, JACOB (1810-1859)
• BELL, JOHN (1691-178o)
• BELL, JOHN (1763-1820)
• BELL, JOHN (1797-1869)
• BELL, ROBERT (1800-1867)
• BELL, SIR CHARLES (1774—1842)

Bell gave to the college See also:

• MANITOU

Manitou See also:

• PARK (Fr. part; Ital. parco; Sp. Marque; O.Eng. pearroc; connected with Ger. pferch, fold, and pfarrei, district, translating med. Lat. parochia, parish)
• PARK, EDWARDS AMASA (1808–1900)
• PARK, MUNGO (1771-1806?)

Park, a See also:

• TRACT (from Lat. tractare, to treat of a matter, through Provencal tractat and Ital. trattato)

tract of See also:

• FOREST

forest See also:

• LAND

land covering about 13,000 acres and situated about 20 M. from Colorado Springs . See also:

• BRIGHT, JOHN (1811-188g)
• BRIGHT, SIR CHARLES TILSTON

Bright See also:

• SUNSHINE

sunshine and a pleasant See also:

• CLIMATE

climate (mean See also:

• ANNUAL

annual temperature about 48° F., rainfall 14 in., falling almost wholly from See also:

• APRIL

April to See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September, relative humidity 59), combined with beautiful scenery, have made the city a favourite See also:

• HEALTH

health resort and See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place of See also:

• RESIDENCE (Latin residere, to remain behind, to dwell, reside)

residence . Land deeds for city See also:

• PROPERTY

property have always excluded saloons . The See also:

• MUNICIPALITY

municipality owns and operates the See also:

• WATER

water See also:

• SYSTEM

system, water being See also:

• DRAWN

drawn from lakes near Pike's Peak . The scenery about the city is remarkable . Manitou (6100-6300 ft.) a popular summer resort, lies about 6 m . (by See also:

• RAIL

rail) See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north-west of Colorado Springs, in a glen at the opening of See also:

• UTE
• UTE, or UTAH

Ute Pass (so-named because it was formerly used by the Ute See also:

• INDIANS, NORTH AMERICAN

Indians), with the mountains rising from its edge . Its springs of soda and See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron belong to the class of weak See also:

• COMPOUND
• COMPOUND (from Lat. componere, to combine or put together)

compound carbonated soda See also:

• WATERS, TERRITORIAL

waters . In the neighbourhood are the See also:

• CAVE (Lat. cavea, from caves, hollow)
• CAVE, EDWARD (1691–1754)
• CAVE, WILLIAM (1637–1713)

Cave of the Winds, the Grand Caverns, charming glens, mountain lakes and picturesque canyons; and the See also:

• GARDEN (from O. Fr. garden, mod. Fr. jardin; this, like our words " garth," a paddock attached to a building, and " yard," comes from a Teutonic word for an enclosure which appears in Gothic as gards and O. H. Ger. gart, cf. Dutch gaarde and Ger. .garten)

Garden of the Gods (owned by the city)—approached between two tremendous masses of red rock 330 ft. high, and strewn (about 500 acres) with great rocks and ridges of brightly coloured See also:

• SANDSTONE

sandstone, whose See also:

• GROTESQUE

grotesque shapes and fantastic arrangement have suggested a playground of superhuman beings . At the southern end of the Rampart range is Cheyenne Mt . (9407 ft.), on whose slope was buried See also:

• HELEN

Helen See also:

• HUNT, ALFRED WILLIAM (183o-1896)
• HUNT, HENRY (1i73-1835)
• HUNT, HENRY JACKSON (1819-1889)
• HUNT, JAMES HENRY LEIGH (1784-1859)
• HUNT, ROBERT (1807-1887)
• HUNT, THOMAS STERRY (1826-1892)
• HUNT, WILLIAM HENRY (1790—1864)
• HUNT, WILLIAM HOLMAN (1827-1910)
• HUNT, WILLIAM MORRIS (1824-1879)

Hunt See also:

• JACKSON
• JACKSON, ANDREW (1767-1845)
• JACKSON, CYRIL (1746-1819)
• JACKSON, FREDERICK GEORGE (186o– )
• JACKSON, HELEN MARIA (1831–1885)
• JACKSON, MASON (c. 1820-1903)
• JACKSON, THOMAS (1579-1640)
• JACKSON, THOMAS JONATHAN (1824-1863)
• JACKSON, WILLIAM (1730-1803)

Jackson (" H.H."), who has See also:

• LEFT

left many pictures of this See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country in her stories . The two Cheyenne Canyons, with walls as high as loon ft. and beautiful falls, and the road over the mountain See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side toward Cripple Creek, afford exquisite views .

Monument Park (10 m . N.) is a tract of fantastically eroded sandstone rocks, similar to those in the Garden of the Gods . In 1859 a See also:

• WINTER, JOHN STRANGE
• WINTER, PETER (c. 1755-1825)

winter See also:

• MINING

mining party coming upon the sunny valley near the See also:

• PRESENT

present Manitou, near the old See also:

• FONTAINE, PIERRE FRANCOIS LEONARD (1762-1853)

Fontaine-qui-See also:

• BOUILLE, FRANCOIS CLAUDE AMOUR, MARQUIS DE (1739-1800)

Bouille, settled " El Dorado." Colorado City is practically on the same site . In 1870, as See also:

• PART

part of the See also:

• TOWN

town development See also:

• WORK

work of the Denver & Rio Grande railway, of which See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

General W . J . Palmer was the See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

president, a land See also:

• COMPANY

company founded Colorado Springs . In 1872 Manitou (first La Fontaine) was founded . Colorado Springs was laid out in 1871, was incorporated in 1872, and was first chartered as a city in 1878 . A new See also:

• CHARTER (Lat. charta, carta, from Gr. Xap-rns, originally for papyrus, material for writing, thence transferred to paper and from this material to the document, in O. Eng. boc, book)

charter (May 1909) provided for the recall of elective officials . A road over the Ute Pass to South Park and See also:

• LEADVILLE

Leadville was built, and at one See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time about 12,000 horses and mules were employed in freighting to the Leadville camps . The Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific rail-way reached the city in 1888 . The greatest part of the Cripple Creek mining properties is owned in Colorado Springs, where the See also:

• EXCHANGE

exchange is one of the greatest in the See also:

• WORLD

world .