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PRINCES OF CONDE . The French title ofSee also: prince of Conde, assumed from the See also: ancient See also: town of Conde-sur-l'Escaut, was See also: borne by a branch of the See also: house of Bourbon
.
The first who assumed it was the famous Huguenot See also: leader, See also: Louis de Bourbon (see below), the fifth son of
See also: Charles de Bourbon, duke of
See also: Vendome
.
His son, See also: Henry, prince of Conde (15522-1588), also belonged to the Huguenot party
.
Fleeing to
See also: Germany he raised a small army with which in 1575 he joined See also: Alencon
.
He became leader of the See also: Huguenots, but after several years' fighting was taken prisoner of war
.
Not long after he died of See also: poison, administered, according
3 See also: Bracton, De Legibus, See also: lib. iii. See also: tract. ii. c
.
28, § 1, and lib. iv. tract. vi. c
.
8, § 4
.
4 F
.
See also: Pollock and F
.
W
.
See also: Maitland, Hist. of See also: English See also: Law, 2nd ed. vol. ii. p
.
37o
.
In the See also: case of See also: Richard de Anesty, decided by papal rescript in 1148, " a See also: marriage solemnly celebrated in See also: church, a marriage of which a
See also: child had been See also: born, was set aside as null in favour of an earlier marriage constituted by a See also: mere See also: exchange of consenting words " (ibid. p
.
367; cf. the similar decretal of See also: Alexander III. on p
.
371)
.
The
See also: great See also: medieval See also: canon lawyer hyndwood illustrates the difficulty of distinguishing, even as See also: late as the See also: middle of the 15th century, between concubinage and a clandestine, though legal, marriage
.
He falls back on the definition of an earlier canonist that if the woman eats out of the same dish with the See also: man, and if he takes her to church, she may be presumed to be his wife; if, however, he sends her to draw See also: water and dresses her in vile clothing, she is probably a concubine (Provinciale, ed
.
Oxon
.
1679, p. to, s.v. concubinarios)
.
5 It may be gathered from the Dominican C
.
L
.
Richard's Analysis Conciliorum (vol. ii., 1778) that there were more than 110 such complaints in See also: councils and synods between the years 1009 and 1528
.
Dr Rashdall ( See also: Universities of See also: Europe in the Middle Ages, vol. ii. p
.
691, note) points out that a master of the university of See also: Prague, in 1499, complained openly to the authorities against a bachelor for assaulting his concubine
.
to the belief of his contemporaries, by his wife, See also: Catherine de la Tremouille
.
This event, among others, awoke strong suspicions as to the See also: legitimacy of his heir and namesake, Henry, prince of Conde (1588-1646)
.
See also: King Henry IV., however, did not take
See also: advantage of the See also: scandal
.
In 1609 he caused the prince of Conde to marry See also: Charlotte de Montmorency, whom shortly after Conde was obliged to save from the king's persistent gallantry by a hasty See also: flight, first to See also: Spain and then to See also: Italy
.
On the See also: death of Henry, Conde returned to See also: France, and intrigued against the See also: regent, See also: Marie de' See also: Medici; but he was seized, and imprisoned for three years (1616-1619)
.
There was at that See also: time before the See also: court a plea for his See also: divorce from his wife, but she now devoted herself to enliven his' captivity at the cost of her own liberty
.
During the rest of his See also: life Conde was a faithful servant of the king
.
He strove to blot out the memory of the Huguenot connexions of his house by affecting the greatest zeal against Protestants
.
His old ambition changed into a See also: desire for the safe aggrandizement of his See also: family, which he magnificently achieved, and with that end he bowed before See also: Richelieu, whose niece he forced his son to marry
.
His son Louis, the great Conde, is separately noticed below
.
The next in succession was Henry Jules, prince of Conde (1643-1709), the son of the great Conde and of Clemence de Maine, niece of Richelieu . He fought with distinction under hisSee also: father in Franche-Comte and the Low Countries; but he was heartless, avaricious and undoubtedly insane
.
The end of his life was marked by singular hypochondriacal fancies
.
He believed at one time that he was dead, and refused to eat till some of his attendants dressed in sheets set him the example
.
His See also: grandson, Louis Henry, duke of Bourbon (1692-1740), Louis XV.'s See also: minister, did not assume the title of prince of Conde which properly belonged to him
.
The son of the duke of Bourbon, Louis See also: Joseph, prince of Conde (1736-1818), of ter receivinga See also: good See also: education, distinguished himself in the Seven Years' War, and most of all by his victory at See also: Johannisberg
.
As governor of See also: Burgundy he did much to improve the See also: industries and means of communication of that province
.
At the Revolution he took up arms in behalf of the king, became See also: commander of the " army of Conde," and fought In conjunction with the Austrians till the See also: peace of Campo Founio in 1797, being during the last See also: year in the pay of See also: England
.
He then served the emperor of See also: Russia in Poland, and after that (1800) returned into the pay of England, and fought in See also: Bavaria
.
In 1800 Conde arrived in England, where he resided for several years
.
On the restoration of Louis XVIII. he returned to France
.
He died in See also: Paris in 1818
.
He wrote Essai sur la See also: vie du See also: grand Conde (1798)
.
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