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See also: assembly of persons, especially a See also: body of such persons gathered together for religious worship, or the body of persons habitually attending a particular See also: church, hence the basis of that
See also: system of religious organization known as See also: Congregationalism (q.v.)
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Apart from these, the more general meanings of the word, " See also: congregation " is used in the See also: English versions of the Old and New Testaments to translate the See also: Hebrew words `edah and kahal, the whole community of the Israelites and the assembly of the See also: people
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The words " assembly " and " congregation " have been to a certain extent distinguished in the Revised Version, " congregation " being kept for Walt and " assembly " for kahal
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The Septuagint generally translates the first by vupaya See also: yil, the second by E,cxXrloia (see J
.
H
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Selbie, in Hastings's See also: Diet. of See also: Bible, s.v
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" Congregation," cf
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" Assembly," ib.)
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In the See also: Roman Church " congregation " is applied to the committees of cardinals into whose hands the administration of the various departments of the church is given (see See also: CURIA See also: ROMANA)
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The committees of bishops who regulate the business at a general council of the church are also known as " congregations." In the Roman Church there are several kinds of associations for religious purposes known by the generic name of " congregation "; such are: (I) those branches of a particular See also: order, which, for the stricter practice of the rules of their order, See also: group themselves together under a See also: special See also: form of See also: government and discipline,—thus the See also: Trappists are a congregation of the See also: Cistercians, the monks of See also: Cluny and St Maur are congregations of the See also: Benedictines; (2) communities of religious under a See also: common See also: rule; persons belonging to such communities have either taken no vows, or have not taken " solemn " vows; of the many congregations of this class may be mentioned the Oratorians, the Oblates and the Lazarists; (3) in See also: France religious associations of the laity, male or See also: female, joined together for some religious, charitable or educational purpose (see FRANCE: See also: Law and Institutions)
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Lastly " congregation " in secular usage is applied to two governing bodies at the university of See also: Oxford, viz. the " See also: Ancient See also: House of Congregation," in whom lies the granting and conferring of degrees, consisting of the See also: vice-chancellor, proctors and " See also: regent masters," and secondly the " Congregation of the University of Oxford," created by the University of Oxford See also: Act 1854, and consisting of all members of convocation who are " See also: resident,"i.e. have passed 141 nights within a m. of Carfax during th preceding See also: year
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All statutes must be passed by this congregatio before introduction in convocation, and it alone has the powe of amending statutes (see OXFORD)
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At Cambridge University congregation is theSee also: term used of the meeting of the senate
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II Scottish See also: history, from the fact that the word occurs, in the See also: sens( of " church," frequently in the See also: national See also: covenant of 1537, th( name of " congregation " was used of the Reformers
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Generall) and similarly the title of " lords of the congregation " was giver to the signatories of the covenant
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