See also:

• CONSANGUINITY, or KINDRED

CONSANGUINITY, or KINDRED  , in See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, the connexion or relation of persons descended from the same stock or See also:

• COMMON

common ancestor (vinculum personarum ab eodem stipite descendentium) . This See also:

• CONSANGUINITY, or KINDRED

consanguinity is either lineal or See also:

• COLLATERAL (from Med. Lat. collateralis,—cum, with, and latus, lateris, side,—side by side, hence parallel or additional)

collateral . Lineal See also:

• CON

con-sanguinity is that which subsists between persons of whom one is descended in a See also:

• DIRECT

direct See also:

• LINE

line from the other, while collateral relations descend from the same stock or ancestor, but do not descend the one from the other . Colla`-'ral kinsmen, then, are such as lineally See also:

• SPRING (from " to spring," " to leap or jump up," " burst out," O. Eng., springau, a common Teut. word, cf. Ger. springer, possibly allied to Gr. QnrFpxecOac, to move rapidly)

spring from one and the same ancestor, who is the stirps, or See also:

• ROOT (late O.E. rot, adopted from Scand., cf. Norw. and Swed. rot, Dan. rod; the true O.E. word was wyrt, plant, represented in Ger. Wurz or Wurzel; the ultimate root is the same in both words, and is seen in Lat. radix)
• ROOT, ELIHU (1845– )

root, as well as the stires, See also:

• TRUNK (Fr. tronc, Lat. truncus, cut off, maimed)

trunk or common stock, whence these relations See also:

• BRANCH (from the Fr. branche, late Lat. branca, an animal's paw)

branch out . It will be seen that the See also:

• MODERN

modern See also:

• IDEA (Gr. Ibia, connected with i&eiv, to see; cf. Lat. species from specere, to look at)

idea of consanguinity is larger than that of agnatio in the See also:

• CIVIL

civil law, which was limited to connexion through See also:

• MALES

males,and was modified by the ceremonies of See also:

• ADOPTION (Lat. adoptio, for adoptalio, from adoptare, to choose for oneself)

adoption and emancipation, and also than that of cognatio, which did not go beyond the See also:

• SIXTH

sixth See also:

• GENERATION (from Lat. generare, to beget, procreate; genus, stock, race)

generation, and was made the basis of Justinian's law of See also:

• SUCCESSION (Lat. successio, from succedere, to follow after)

succession . The more limited meaning of consanguinei was See also:

• BROTHERS, RICHARD (1757-1824)

brothers or sisters by the same See also:

• FATHER

father, as opposed to uterini, brothers or sisters by the same See also:

• MOTHER

mother . The degrees of collateral consanguinity were differently reckoned in the civil and in the See also:

• CANON

canon law, " The civil law reckons the number of descents between the persons on both sides from the common ancestor . The canon law See also:

• COUNTS

counts the number of descents between the common ancestor and the two persons on one See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side only," and always on the side of the See also:

• PERSON, OFFENCES AGAINST THE

person who is more distant from the common ancestor . See also:

• ENGLISH

English law follows the canon law in beginning at the common ancestor and reckoning downwards . The question of consanguinity owes its See also:

• GREAT

great importance to the relationship it bears to the See also:

• LAWS

laws of See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage and See also:

• INHERITANCE

inheritance . For instance, the law. forbids marriage between persons within certain degrees of consanguinity and See also:

• AFFINITY (Lat. affinitas, relationship by marriage, from offinis, bordering on, related to; finis, border, boundary)
• AFFINITY, CHEMICAL

affinity, a See also:

• PROHIBITION (Lat. prohibere, to prevent)

prohibition which applies with equal force to a See also:

• BASTARD (O. Fr. bastard, mod. bdtard = fits de bast, "pack-saddle child," from bast, saddle)

bastard as well as to those See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in wedlock . The laws of inheritance and descent are regulated in a great measure according to consanguinity, however much they may vary in different jurisdictions .

Apart from those countries which have made either the civil or the canon law the basis of reckoning degrees of consanguinity (and practically all civilized countries adopt one or other), it is impossible to describe any method or See also:

• SYSTEM

system, for they are as various as the countries and tribes . See, however, the See also:

• ARTICLE (from Lat. articulus, a joint)

article See also:

• INDIAN

INDIAN LAW; and consult See also:

• LEWIS, HENRY CARVILL
• LEWIS, JOHN FREDERICK (180 1876)
• LEWIS, MATTHEW GREGORY (1775-1818)
• LEWIS, MERIWETHER (1774-1809)
• LEWIS, SIR GEORGE CORNEWALL, BART

Lewis H . See also:

• MORGAN
• MORGAN, DANIEL (1736-1802)
• MORGAN, EDWIN DENNISON (1811-1883)
• MORGAN, JOHN HUNT (1825-1864)
• MORGAN, JOHN PIERPONT (1837–1913)
• MORGAN, LEWIS HENRY (1818-1881)
• MORGAN, SYDNEY, LADY (c. 1783-1859)
• MORGAN, THOMAS (d. 1743)

Morgan, Systems of Consanguinity and Affinity of the Human See also:

• FAMILY

Family (See also:

• WASHINGTON
• WASHINGTON (or WASHINGTON COURT HOUSE)
• WASHINGTON, BOOKER TALIAFERRO (c. 1859– )
• WASHINGTON, BUSHROD (1762-1829)
• WASHINGTON, GEORGE (1732-1799)

Washington, 1870); J . F . McLennan, On See also:

• PRIMITIVE

Primitive Marriage (See also:

• EDINBURGH

Edinburgh, 1865): E . A.Westermarck, See also:

• HISTORY

History of Human Marriage (2nd ed., See also:

• LONDON

London, 1894) ; E . Crawley, The Mystic . See also:

• ROSE
• ROSE (Rosa)
• ROSE, GEORGE (1744-1818)
• ROSE, HUGH JAMES (1795—1838)
• ROSE, WILLIAM STEWART (1775-1843)

Rose (1902); A . See also:

• LANG, ANDREW (1844— )
• LANG, KARL HEINRICH, RITTER VON (1764-1835)

Lang and J . J . See also:

• ATKINSON, EDWARD (1827—1905)
• ATKINSON, SIR HARRY ALBERT (1831—1892)

Atkinson, Social Origins and Primal Law (1903) ; E . B .

See also:

• TYLOR, EDWARD BURNETT (1832- )

Tylor, Primitive Culture (4th ed., 1903) . See also AFFINITY; MARRIAGE; INHERITANCE .