See also:

• COPAIBA, or COPAIVA (from Brazilian cupauba)

COPAIBA, or COPAIVA (from Brazilian cupauba)  , an oleo-See also:

• RESIN (through O.Fr. resine, modern reline, from Lat. resina, prcbably Latinized from Greek Pirivrt, resin)

resin —sometimes termed a See also:

• BALSAM (from Gr. f &X raµov, through Lat. balsamum, contracted by popular use to O. Fr. basme, mod. Fr. bdme; Eng. balm)

balsam—obtained from the See also:

• TRUNK (Fr. tronc, Lat. truncus, cut off, maimed)

trunk of the Copaifera Lansdorfii (natural See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order See also:

• LEGUMINOSAE

Leguminosae) and from other See also:

• SPECIES

species of Copaifera found in the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

West Indies and in the valley of the See also:

• AMAZON

Amazon . It is a somewhat viscous transparent liquid, occasionally fluorescent and of a See also:

• LIGHT

light yellow to See also:

• PALE (through Fr. pal, from Lat. palms, a stake, for paglus, from the stem pag- of pangere, to fix; " pole " is from the same original source)

pale See also:

• GOLDEN

golden See also:

• COLOUR (Lat. color, connected with celare, to hide, the root meaning, therefore, being that of a covering)

colour . The odour is aromatic and very characteristic, the See also:

• TASTE (from Lat. taxare, to touch sharply; tangere, to touch)

taste acrid and See also:

• BITTER, KARL THEODORE FRANCIS (1867– )

bitter . It is insoluble in See also:

• WATER

water, but soluble in See also:

• ABSOLUTE (Lat. absolvere, to loose, set free)

absolute See also:

• ALCOHOL

alcohol, See also:

• ETHER, (C2H5)2O

ether and the fixed and volatile See also:

• OILS (adopted from the Fr. oile, mod. huile, Lat. oleum, olive oil)

oils . Its approximate See also:

• COMPOSITION
• COMPOSITION (Lat. compositio, from componere, to put together)

composition is more than 50% of a volatile oil and less than 50% of a resin . The pharmacopoeias contain the oleo-resin itself, which is given in doses of from a See also:

• HALF

half to one drachm, and the oleum copaibae, which is given in doses of from five to twenty minims, but which is inferior, as a medicinal See also:

• AGENT (from Lat. agere, to act)

agent, to the oleo-resin . See also:

• COPAIBA, or COPAIVA (from Brazilian cupauba)

Copaiba shares the pharmacological characters of volatile oils generally . Its distinctive features are its disagree-able taste and the unpleasant eructations to which it may give rise, its irritant See also:

• ACTION

action on the See also:

• INTESTINE (Lat. intestinus, internal, usually in neuter plural intestina. from intus, within)

intestine in any but small doses, its irritant action on the skin, often giving rise to an erythematous eruption which may be mistaken for that of See also:

• SCARLET

scarlet See also:

• FEVER (Lat. febris, connected with fervere, to burn)

fever, and its exceptionally marked stimulant action on the kidneys . In large doses this last action may See also:

• LEAD
• LEAD (pronounced iced)

lead to renal inflammation . The resin is excreted in the urine and is continually mistaken for See also:

• ALBUMIN, or ALBUMEN (Lat. albus, white)

albumin since it is precipitated by nitric See also:

• ACID (from the Lat. root ac-, sharp; acere, to be sour)

acid, but the precipitate is re-dissolved, unlike albumin, on See also:

• HEATING

heating . Its nasty taste, its irritant action on the bowel, and its characteristic odour in the breath, prohibit its use—despite its other advantages—in all diseases but gonorrhoea . For this disease it is a valuable remedy, but it must not be administered until the acute symptoms have subsided, else it will often increase them .

It is best given in cachets or in three times its own bulk of See also:

• MUCILAGE (from Late Lat. mucilago, a mouldy juice, from mucere, to be mouldy)

mucilage of See also:

• ACACIA

acacia . Various devices are adopted to disguise its odour in the breath . The clinical See also:

• EVIDENCE (Lat. evidentia, evideri, to appear clearly)

evidence clearly shows that none of the numerous See also:

• VEGETABLE

vegetable rivals to copaiba is equal to it in therapeutic value .