See also:

• GAIUS

GAIUS See also:

• GAIUS CORIOLANUS (or GNAEUS)14IARCIUS

CORIOLANUS (or GNAEUS)14IARCIUS  , See also:

• ROMAN

Roman legendary See also:

• HERO (Gr. open)
• HERO, THE YOUNGER

hero of patrician descent . According to tradition, his surname was due to the bravery displayed by him at the See also:

• SIEGE (0. Fr. sege, siege, mod. siege, seat, ultimately from sedere, to sit, cf. Class. Lat. obsidium, a siege)

siege of See also:

• CORIOLI

Corioli (493 B.C.) during the See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war against the Volscians (but see below) . In 492, when there was a See also:

• FAMINE (Lat. fames, hunger)

famine in See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome, he advised that the See also:

• PEOPLE

people should not be relieved out of the supplies obtained from See also:

• SICILY (Ital. Sicilia)

Sicily, unless they would consent to the abolition of their tribunes . For this he was accused by the tribunes, and, being condemned to See also:

• EXILE (Lat. exsilium or exilium, from exsul or exul, which is derived from ex, out of, and the root sal, to go, seen in salire, to leap, consul, &c.; the connexion with solum, soil, country is now generally considered wrong)

exile, took See also:

• REFUGE

refuge with his friend Attius Tullius, See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king of the Volscians . A pretext for a See also:

• QUARREL

quarrel with Rome was found, and See also:

• CORIOLANUS, GAIUS (or GNAEUS)14IARCIUS

Coriolanus, in command of the Volscian See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army, advanced against his native See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city . In vain the first men of Rome prayed formoderate terms . He would agree to nothing less than the restoration to the Volscians of all their See also:

• LAND

land, and their See also:

• ADMISSION

admission among, the Roman citizens . A See also:

• MISSION

mission of the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief priests also failed . At last, persuaded by his See also:

• MOTHER

mother Veturia and his wife Volumnia, he led back the Volscian army, and restored the conquered towns . He died at an advanced See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age in exile amongst the Volscians; according to others, he was put to See also:

• DEATH

death by them as a traitor; a third tradition (mentioned, but ridiculed, by See also:

• CICERO

Cicero) represents him as having taken his own See also:

• LIFE

life . The whole See also:

• LEGEND (through the French from the med. Lat. legenda, things to be read, from legere, to read)

legend is open to serious See also:

• CRITICISM
• CRITICISM (from the Gr. KpiTrlS, a judge, Kpivew, to decide, to give an authoritative opinion)

criticism . At the traditional date (493 B.c.) Corioli was not a Volscian See also:

• POSSESSION
• POSSESSION (Lat. possessio, possidere, to possess)

possession, but one of the Latin cities which had concluded a treaty of See also:

• ALLIANCE

alliance- with Rome; further, See also:

• LIVY [Thus L1v1us] (59 B.C.—A.D: 17)

Livy himself . states that the chroniclers knew nothing of a See also:

• CAMPAIGN

campaign carried on by the See also:

• CONSUL
• CONSUL (in Gr. generally ihraros,ashortened form of errpavgybs 8hraeos, i.e. praetor maximus)

consul Postumus Cominius Auruncus .(under whom Coriolanus is said to have served) against the Volscians .

Only one of the consuls was mentioned as having concluded the treaty; the See also:

• ABSENCE (Lat. absentia)

absence of the other was consequently assumed, and a See also:

• REASON (Lat. ratio, through French raison)

reason for it found in a Volscian war . The bestowal of.a cognomen from a captured city was unknown at the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time, the first instance being that of Scipio; in. any See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case, it would have been conferred upon the See also:

• COMMANDER

commander-in-chief, Postumus Cominius Auruncus, not upon a subordinate . The See also:

• CONQUEST

conquest of Corioli by Coriolanus is invented to explain the surname . The details of the famine are borrowed from those of later years, especially 433 and 411 . The incident of Coriolanus taking refuge with the Volscian king,who, according to See also:

• PLUTARCH
• PLUTARCH (Gr. llXoi rapxos) (c. A.D. 46–120)

Plutarch, was his See also:

• BITTER, KARL THEODORE FRANCIS (1867– )

bitter enemy, curiously, resembles the See also:

• APPEAL

appeal of See also:

• THEMISTOCLES (c. 514-449 B.C.)

Themistocles to the Molossian king See also:

• ADMETUS

Admetus . Further, the tradition. that Coriolanus, like Themistocles, committed See also:

• SUICIDE (from Lat. sui, of oneself, and cidium, from cued ere, to kill)

suicide, renders it a probable conjecture that these incidents are derived from a See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek source . The contradictions in the accounts of the campaign against Rome and its inherent improbability give further ground for suspicion . Twelve important towns are taken in a single summer apparently without resistance on the See also:

• PART

part of the See also:

• ROMANS
• ROMANS, EPISTLE TO THE

Romans, and after the retirement of Coriolanus they are immediately abandoned by the conquerors . It is See also:

• STRANGE, SIR ROBERT (1721-1792)

strange that the Volscians should have entrusted a stranger with the command of their army, and it is possible that the attribution of their successes to a Roman See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general was intended to gratify the See also:

• NATIONAL

national See also:

• PRIDE, THOMAS (d. 1658)

pride and obliterate the memory of a disastrous war . It is suggested that Coriolanus never commanded the Volscian army at all, but that, like Appius Herdonius—the See also:

• SABINE, SIR EDWARD (1788-1883)

Sabine chieftain who in 46o, with a See also:

• BAND

band of fugitives and slaves, obtained possession of the capitol—he appeared at the See also:

• GATES, HORATIO (1728-1806)

gates of Rome at the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of a See also:

• BODY

body of exiles (but at a much later date, c . 443), at a time when the city was in See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• DISTRESS

distress, perhaps as the result of a pestilence, and only desisted from making himself See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master of Rome at the See also:

• EARNEST (probably a corruption of the obsolete arles or erles, adapted from Lat. equivalent arrha, due to a confusion with the adjective " earnest," serious, O. Eng. eornust, cognate with Ger. ernst)

earnest entreaty of his mother . This seems to be the See also:

• HISTORICAL

historical See also:

• NUCLEUS (Lat. for the kernal of a nut, nux, the stone of fruit)

nucleus of the tradition, which accentuates the great See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence exercised by and the respect shown to the Roman matrons in See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early times .