COSEL  , or KosEL, a See also:

• TOWN

town of See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany, in the Prussian See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province of See also:

• SILESIA

Silesia, at the junction of the Klodnitz' and the See also:

• ODER (Lat. Viadua; Slavonic, Vjodr)

Oder, 29 M . S.E. of See also:

• OPPELN (Polish, Oppolie)

Oppeln by See also:

• RAIL

rail . Pop . (1905) 7085 . It has an Evangelical and a See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church, an old See also:

• CHATEAU (from Lat. castellum, fortress, through O. Fr. chastel, chasteau)

chateau and a See also:

• GRAMMAR (from Lat. grammatica, sc. ars; Gr. ypaµ)

grammar-school (Progymnasium) . Its See also:

• INDUSTRIES

industries are of some importance, including a manufactory of See also:

• CELLULOSE

cellulose (employing 1200 hands), See also:

• STEAM
• STEAM (0. Eng. steam, vapour, smoke, cf. Du. steam; the origin is unknown)

steam saw- and See also:

• FLOUR

flour-See also:

• MILLS, JOHN (d. 1736)
• MILLS, ROGER QUARLES (1832– )

mills and a See also:

• PETROLEUM (Lat. Petra, rock, and oleuin, oil)

petroleum refinery . There is a lively See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade by See also:

• RIVER

river . The first See also:

• RECORD (Lat. recordari, to recall to mind, from cor, heart or mind)

record of Cosel See also:

• DATES

dates from 1286 . From 1306 to 1359 it was the seat of an See also:

• INDEPENDENT

independent duchy held by a See also:

• CADET (through the Fr. from the Late Lat. capitettum, a diminutive of caput, head, through the Provencal form capdet)

cadet See also:

• LINE

line of the See also:

• DUKES
• DUKES, LEOPOLD (1810-1891)

dukes of See also:

• TESCHEN (Czech, Tesin; Polish, Cieszyn)

Teschen . In 1532 it See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell to the See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor, was several times besieged during the See also:

• THIRTY

Thirty Years' See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War, and came into Prussian See also:

• POSSESSION
• POSSESSION (Lat. possessio, possidere, to possess)

possession by the treaty of See also:

• BRESLAU (Polish Wraclaw)

Breslau in 1942 . See also:

• FREDERICK
• FREDERICK (Mod. Ger. Friedrich; Ital. Federigo; Fr. Frederic and Federic; M.H.G. Friderich; O.H.G. Fridurih, " king or lord of peace," from O.H.G. fridu, A.S. frith, " peace," and rfh " rich," " a ruler," for derivation of which see HENRY)

Frederick IL converted it into a fortress, which was besieged in vain by the Austrians in 1758, 1759, 1760 and 1762 . In 1807 it withstood another See also:

• SIEGE (0. Fr. sege, siege, mod. siege, seat, ultimately from sedere, to sit, cf. Class. Lat. obsidium, a siege)

siege, by the Bavarian See also:

• ALLIES, THOMAS WILLIAM (1813-1903)

allies of See also:

• NAPOLEON

Napoleon .

The fortifications were razed and their site converted into promenades in 1894 .