See also:

• COSSIMBAZAR, or KASIMBAZAR

COSSIMBAZAR, or KASIMBAZAR  , a decayed See also:

• TOWN

town on the See also:

• RIVER

river Bhagirathi in the See also:

• MURSHIDABAD, or MOORSHEEDABAD

Murshidabad See also:

• DISTRICT

district of See also:

• BENGAL
• BENGAL, BAY OF

Bengal, See also:

• INDIA
• INDIA, FRENCH

India, now included in the See also:

• BERHAMPUR

Berhampur See also:

• MUNICIPALITY

municipality . Pop . (1901) 1262 . Though the See also:

• HISTORY

history of the See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place cannot be traced back earlier than the 17th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century, it was of See also:

• GREAT

great importance See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long before the See also:

• FOUNDATION (Lat. fundatio, from fundare, to found)

foundation of Murshidabad . From the first See also:

• EUROPEAN

European traders set up factories here, and after the ruin of Satgaon by the silting up of the mouth of the Saraswati it gained a position, as the great trading centre of Bengal, which was not challenged until after the foundation of See also:

• CALCUTTA

Calcutta . In 1658 the first See also:

• ENGLISH

English See also:

• AGENT (from Lat. agere, to act)

agent was established at See also:

• COSSIMBAZAR, or KASIMBAZAR

Cossimbazar, and in 1667 the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief of the factory there became an ex-officio member of See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council . In English documents of this See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period, and till the See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early 19th century, the Bhagirathi was described as the Cossimbazar river, and the triangular piece of See also:

• LAND

land between the Bhagirathi, Padma and Jalangi, on which the See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city stands, as the See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island of Cossimbazar . The proximity of the factory to Murshidabad, the See also:

• MAHOMMEDAN

Mahommedan See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital, while it was the See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main source of its See also:

• WEALTH

wealth and of its See also:

• POLITICAL

political importance, exposed it to See also:

• CONSTANT, BENJAMIN (1845-1902)

constant danger . Thus in 1757 it was the first to be taken by Suraj-ud-dowlah, the See also:

• NAWAB

nawab; and the See also:

• RESIDENT

resident with his assistant (See also:

• WARREN
• WARREN, GOUVERNEUR KEMBLE (183o-1882)
• WARREN, JOSEPH (1741—1775)
• WARREN, MERCY (1728—1814)
• WARREN, MINTON (1850-1907)
• WARREN, SAMUEL (1807-1877)
• WARREN, SIR JOHN BORLASE, BART
• WARREN, WILLIAM (1812-1888)

Warren See also:

• HASTINGS
• HASTINGS, FRANCIS
• HASTINGS, FRANK ABNEY (1794-1828)
• HASTINGS, WARREN (1732-1818)

Hastings) were taken as prisoners to Murshidabad . At the beginning of the 19th century the city still flourished; so See also:

• LATE

late as 1811 it was described as famous for its silks, See also:

• HOSIERY

hosiery, koras and beautiful See also:

• IVORY (Fr. ivoire, Lat. ebur)
• IVORY, SIR JAMES (1765-1842)

ivory See also:

• WORK

work . But an insidious See also:

• CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

change in its once healthy See also:

• CLIMATE

climate had begun to work its decay; the See also:

• AREA

area of cultivated land See also:

• ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round it had shrunk to vanishing point, See also:

• JUNGLE (Sans. jangala)

jungle haunted by See also:

• WILD, JONATHAN (c. 1682-1725)

wild beasts taking its place; and in 1813 its ruin was completed by a sudden change in the course of the Bhagirathi, which formed a new channel 3 M. from the old town, leaving an evil-smelling swamp around the See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient wharves . Of its splendid buildings the See also:

• FINE

fine See also:

• PALACE (Lat. Palatium, the name given by Augustus to his residence on the Palatine Hill)

palace of the maharaja of Cossimbazar alone remains, the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest being in ruins or represented only by great mounds of See also:

• EARTH
• EARTH (a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Erde, Dutch aarde, Swed. and Dan. jord; outside Teutonic it appears only in the Gr. 'pq'e, on the ground; it has been connected by some etymologists with the Aryan root ar-, to plough, which is seen in
• EARTH, FIGURE OF
• EARTH, FIGURE OF THE

earth .

The first wife of Warren Hastings was buried at Cossimbazar, where her See also:

• TOMB (Gr. Tuµ/3a, Tuµ(3os, probably allied to Lat. tumulus, literally a swelling, tumere, to swell)

tomb with its inscription still remains . See See also:

• IMP
• IMP (O. Eng. impa, a graft, shoot; the verb impian is cognate with Ger. impfen, to graft, inoculate, and the Fr. enter; the ultimate origin is probably the Gr. 'µ4uety, to implant, cf. Et.A4Uros, engrafted)

Imp . Gaz. of India (See also:

• OXFORD
• OXFORD, EARLS OF
• OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
• OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
• OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
• OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
• OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST

Oxford, 1908), S.V .