COUTANCES  , a See also:

• TOWN

town of See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north-western See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital of an See also:

• ARRONDISSEMENT (from arrondir, to make round)

arrondissement of the See also:

• DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

department of See also:

• MANCHE

Manche, 7 M . E. of the See also:

• ENGLISH

English Channel and 58 m . S. of See also:

• CHERBOURG

Cherbourg on the Western railway . Pop . (1906) 6089 . Coutances is beautifully situated on the right See also:

• BANK

bank of the Soulle on a granitic See also:

• EMINENCE (Lat. eminentia)

eminence crowned by the celebrated See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral of Notre-See also:

• DAME
• DAME (through the Fr. from Lat. domina, mistress, lady, the feminine of dominus, master, lord)

Dame . The date of this See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church has been much disputed, but while traces of Romanesque See also:

• ARCHITECTURE (Lat. architectura, from the Gr. ap)(LTEKrwv, a master-builder)

architecture survive, the See also:

• BUILDING

building is, in the See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main, See also:

• GOTHIC

Gothic in See also:

• STYLE
• STYLE (from Gr. a-6'1ms, a column; a different word from that used in literature, see below)

style and See also:

• DATES

dates from the first See also:

• HALF

half of the 13th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century . The slender turrets massed See also:

• ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round the western towers and the octagonal central See also:

• TOWER (Lat. turris; Fr. tour, clocker; Ital. torre; Ger. Thurm)

tower, which forms a See also:

• LANTERN (an adaptation of the Fr. lanterne from Lat. lanterna or laterna, supposed to be from Gr. Aa urritp, a torch or lamp, Aaµaew, to shine, cf. " lamp "; the 16th- and 17th-century form " lanthorn " is due to a mistaken derivation from " horn," as a m

lantern within, are conspicuous features of the church . In the interior, which comprises the See also:

• NAVE

nave with aisles, See also:

• TRANSEPT (from Lat. trans, across, and septum, enclosure; synonymous terms in other languages are Fr. croisee, nef transversee; Ital. crociata; Ger. Querbau, Quersch&)

transept and See also:

• CHOIR (0. Fr. cuer from Lat. chorus; pronounced quire, and until the end of the 17th century so spelt, the spelling being altered to agree with the Fr. chceur)

choir with See also:

• AMBULATORY (Med. Lat. ainbulatorium, a place for walking, from ambulare, to walk)

ambulatory and See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side chapels, there are See also:

• FINE

fine See also:

• ROSE
• ROSE (Rosa)
• ROSE, GEORGE (1744-1818)
• ROSE, HUGH JAMES (1795—1838)
• ROSE, WILLIAM STEWART (1775-1843)

rose-windows with stained See also:

• GLASS
• GLASS (O.E. glees, cf. Ger. Glas, perhaps derived from an old Teutonic root gla-, a variant of glo-, having the general sense of shining, cf. " glare," " glow ")
• GLASS, STAINED

glass of the 14th century, and other See also:

• WORKS

works of See also:

• ART

art . Of the other buildings of Coutances the church of St See also:

• PIERRE

Pierre, in which See also:

• RENAISSANCE, THE

Renaissance architecture is mingled with Gothic, and that of St See also:

• NICOLAS
• NICOLAS, SIR NICHOLAS HARRIS (1799–1848)

Nicolas, of the 16th and 17th centuries, demand mention . There is an See also:

• AQUEDUCT (Lat. aqua, water, and ducere, to lead; Gr. apaymryeiov, apayeeywov, vlrovopos)

aqueduct of the 14th century to the See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west of the town . Coutances is a quiet town with winding streets and pleasant boulevards bordering it on the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east; on the western slope of the See also:

• HILL
• HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
• HILL, A
• HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
• HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
• HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
• HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
• HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
• HILL, JAMES J
• HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
• HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
• HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
• HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
• HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)

hill there is a public See also:

• GARDEN (from O. Fr. garden, mod. Fr. jardin; this, like our words " garth," a paddock attached to a building, and " yard," comes from a Teutonic word for an enclosure which appears in Gothic as gards and O. H. Ger. gart, cf. Dutch gaarde and Ger. .garten)

garden .

The town is the seat of a See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop, a See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court of assizes and a sub-See also:

• PREFECT (prefet)

prefect; it has tribunals of first instance and of See also:

• COMMERCE
• COMMERCE (Lat. commercium, from, cum, together, and rnerx, merchandise)

commerce, a lycee for boys, a communal See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

college and a training college for girls, and an ecclesiastical See also:

• SEMINARY (Lat. seminarium, from semen, seed)

seminary . See also:

• LEATHER (a word which appears in all Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Leder, Dutch leer or leder, Swed. leder, and in such Celtic forms as Welsh llader)
• LEATHER, ARTIFICIAL

Leather-dressing and See also:

• WOOL, WORSTED AND WOOLLEN MANUFACTURES

wool-See also:

• SPINNING (from O. Eng. spinnen, to spin, cf. Ger. spinnen, &c., the Teut. root is seen, to draw out, cf. span, spider)

spinning are carried on and there is See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade in live-stock, in agricultural produce, especially eggs, and in See also:

• MARBLE (from Lat. marmor, Gr. pApµapos, shining stone)

marble . Coutances is the See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient Cosedia, which before the See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• CONQUEST

conquest was one of the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief towns in the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country of the Unelli . Towards the end of the 3rd century its name was changed to See also:

• CONSTANTIA

Constantia, in See also:

• HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

honour of the See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor See also:

• CONSTANTIUS, FLAVIUS VALERIUS

Constantius Chlorus, who fortified it . It became the capital of the pagus See also:

• CONSTANTINUS

Constantinus (Cotentin), and in the See also:

• MIDDLE

middle ages was the seat of a See also:

• VISCOUNT (through O. Fr. viscomte, mod. vicomte, from Low Lat. vice-comes, cf. Portug. visconde, Ital. visconte)

viscount . It has been an episcopal see since the 5th century . 'In the 17th century it was the centre of the revolt of the Nu-pieds, caused by the See also:

• IMPOSITION (from Lat. imponere, to place or lay upon)

imposition of the See also:

• SALT (a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch zout, Ger. Salz, Scand. salt; cognate with Gr. &Xs, Lat. sal)
• SALT, SIR TITUS, BART

salt-tax (See also:

• GABELLE (French, from the Med. Lat. gabulum, gablum, a tax, for the origin of which see GAVELKIND)

gabelle) . A See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good bibliography of See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general works and monographs on the See also:

• ARCHAEOLOGY (from Gr. &pxa1a, ancient things, and Xoyos, theory or science)

archaeology and the See also:

• HISTORY

history of the town and See also:

• DIOCESE (formed on Fr. diocese, in place of the Eng. form diocess—current until the 19th century—from Lat. dioecesis, med. Lat. variant diocesis, from Gr. Swucio•tc, " house-keeping," " administration," &miceas, " to keep house," " to govern ")

diocese of Coutances is given in U . See also:

• CHEVALIER, ALBERT (1861– )
• CHEVALIER, MICHEL (1806-1879)
• CHEVALIER, ULYSSE (1841– )

Chevalier, Repertoire See also:

• DES

des See also:

• SOURCES

sources, &'c., Topo-Bibliographie (See also:

• MONTBELIARD

Montbeliard, 1894-1899), S.V .