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RICHARD COX (I3oo ?–1581)

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Originally appearing in Volume V07, Page 353 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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RICHARD See also:COX (I3oo ?–1581)  , See also:dean of See also:Westminster and See also:bishop of See also:Ely, was See also:born of obscure parentage at Whaddon, See also:Buckinghamshire, in 1499 or 1500 . He was educated at the See also:Benedictine priory of St Leonard Snelshall near Whaddon, at See also:Eton, and at See also:King's See also:College, See also:Cambridge, where he graduated B.A. in 1524 . At See also:Wolsey's invitation he became a member of the See also:cardinal's new See also:foundation at See also:Oxford, was incorporated B.A. in 1525, and created M.A. in 1526 . In 1530 he was engaged in persuading the more unruly members of the university to approve of the king's See also:divorce . A premature expression of Lutheran views is said to have caused his departure from Oxford and even his imprisonment, but the records are silent on these sufferings which do not harmonize with his See also:appointment as See also:master of the royal foundation at Eton . In 1533 he appears as author of an See also:ode on the See also:coronation of See also:Anne See also:Boleyn, in 1535 he graduated B.D. at Cambridge, proceeding D.D. in 1537, and in the same See also:year subscribing the Institution of a See also:Christian See also:Man . In 1540 he was one of the fifteen divines to whom were referred See also:crucial questions on the sacraments and the seat of authority in the See also:Church; his answers (printed in See also:Pocock's See also:Burnet, iii . 443–496) indicate a mind tending away from Catholicism, but susceptible to " the king's See also:doctrine "; and, indeed, See also:Cox was one of the divines by whom See also:Henry said the " King's See also:Book " had been See also:drawn up when he wished to impress upon the See also:Regent See also:Arran that it was not exclusively his own doing . Moreover, he was See also:present at the examination of See also:Barnes, subscribed the divorce of Anne of See also:Cleves, and in that year of reaction became See also:archdeacon and See also:prebendary of Ely and See also:canon of Westminster . He was employed on other royal business in 1541, was nominated to the projected bishopric of See also:Southwell, and was made king's See also:chaplain in 1542 . In 1543 he was employed to See also:ferret out the " Prebendaries' See also:Plot " against See also:Cranmer, and became the See also:archbishop's See also:chancellor . In See also:December he was appointed dean of Oseney (afterwards See also:Christ Church) Oxford, and in See also:July was made See also:almoner to See also:Prince See also:Edward, in whose See also:education. he took an active See also:part .

He was present at Dr See also:

Crome's recantation in 1546, denounced it as insincere and insufficient, and severely handled him before the privy See also:council . After Edward's See also:accession, Cox's opinions took a more See also:Protestant turn, and he became one of the most active agents of the See also:Reformation . He was consulted on the compilation of the Communion See also:office in 1548, and the first and second books of See also:Common See also:Prayer, and sat on the See also:commission for the reform of the canon See also:law . As chancellor of the university of Oxford (1547–1S52) he promoted See also:foreign divines such as See also:Peter See also:Martyr, and was a moving spirit of the two commissions which sought with some success to eradicate everything savouring of popery from the In 1559 Cox returned to See also:England, and was elected bishop of See also:Norwich, but the See also:queen changed her mind and Cox's destination to Ely, where he remained twenty-one years . He was an honest, but narrow-minded ecclesiastic, who held what views he did hold intolerantly, and was always wanting more See also:power to constrain those who differed from him (see his See also:letter in See also:Hatfield See also:MSS. i . 308) . While he refused to See also:minister in the queen's See also:chapel because of the crucifix and See also:lights there, and was a See also:bitter enemy to the See also:Roman Catholics, he had little more See also:patience with the Puritans . He was grasping, or at least tenacious of his rights in See also:money matters, and was often brought into conflict with courtiers who coveted episcopal lands . The queen herself intervened, when he refused to See also:grant Ely See also:House to her favourite, See also:Sir See also:Christopher See also:Hatton; but the well-known letter beginning " Proud See also:Prelate " and threatening to unfrock him seems to be an impudent See also:forgery which first saw the See also:light in the See also:Annual See also:Register for 1761 . It hardly, however, misrepresents the queen's meaning, and Cox was forced to give way . These and other trials led him to resign his see in 158o, and it is significant that it remained vacant for nineteen years . Cox died on the 22nd of July 1581: a See also:monument erected to his memory twenty years later in Ely See also:cathedral was defaced, owing, it was said, to his evil repute .

See also:

Strype (See also:Whitgift, i . 2) gives Cox's hot See also:temper and See also:marriage as reasons why he was not made archbishop in 1583 in preference to Whitgift, who had been his chaplain; but Cox had been dead two years in 1583 . His first wife's name is unknown; she was the See also:mother of his five See also:children, of whom See also:Joanna married the eldest son of Archbishop See also:Parker . His second wife was the widow of See also:William See also:Turner (d . 1568), the botanist and dean of See also:Wells . Voluminous details about Cox's See also:life are given in Strype's See also:Works, Parker See also:Soc . Publ., and See also:Cooper's Athenae Cantab. i . 437-445 . See also Letters and Papers of Henry VIII.; Acts of the Privy Council; Cal . Dom . See also:State Papers; Cal . Hatfield MSS.; Lit .

Rem. of Edward VI.; See also:

Whittingham's Troubles at See also:Frankfort; Machyn's See also:Diary; Pocock's Burnet; See also:Bentham's Ely; See also:Willis's Cathedrals; Le Neve's See also:Fasti; R . W . See also:Dixon's Church See also:History . (A . F .

End of Article: RICHARD COX (I3oo ?–1581)
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