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JOHN CRAIG (1512 ?-1600)

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Originally appearing in Volume V07, Page 361 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JOHN See also:CRAIG (1512 ?-1600)  , Scottish reformer, See also:born about 1512, was the son of See also:Craig of Craigston, See also:Aberdeenshire, who was killed at See also:Flodden in 1513 . After an See also:education at St See also:Andrews, and acting as See also:tutor to the See also:children of See also:Lord See also:Darcy, the See also:English See also:warden of the See also:North, he became a Dominican, but was soon in trouble as a heretic . In 1536 he made his way to See also:England, but failing to obtain the preferment he desired at See also:Cambridge, he went on to See also:Italy, where the See also:influence of See also:Cardinal See also:Pole, who was himself accused of See also:heresy, secured him the See also:post of See also:master of the novices in the Dominican See also:convent at See also:Bologna . For some years he was busy travelling in the See also:Levant in the interests of his See also:order, but a perusal of See also:Calvin's Institutes revived his heretical tendencies, and he was condemned to be burnt . Like the English See also:scholar and statesman, See also:Thomas See also:Wilson, he owed his See also:escape to the See also:riot which See also:broke out on the See also:death of See also:Paul IV. on the 18th of See also:August 1559, when the See also:mob burst open the See also:prison of the See also:Inquisition . After various adventures he reached See also:Vienna, where he preached, and was protected by the semi-Lutheran See also:archduke (afterwards the See also:emperor) See also:Maximilian II . In 156o he returned to See also:Scotland, where in 1561 he was ordained See also:minister of Holyrood, and in 1562 See also:Knox's colleague in the High See also:Church . His See also:defence of church See also:property and See also:privilege against the predatory instincts of the nobles and the pretensions of the See also:state brought him into conflict with Lethington and others; but he seems to have condoned, if he was not privy to, Riccio's See also:murder . At first he refused to publish the banns of See also:marriage between See also:Mary and See also:Bothwell, though in the end he yielded with a protest that he " abhorred and detested the marriage." He had been associated with Knox in various commissions for the organization of the church, but he wished to See also:compromise between the two extreme parties . From 1571–1579 Craig was in the north, whither he had been sent to " illuminate those dark places in See also:Mar, See also:Buchan and See also:Aberdeen." In 1579 he was appointed See also:chaplain to the See also:young See also:James VI., and returned to See also:Edinburgh . In 1581 See also:episcopacy was abolished as a result of the See also:report of a See also:commission on which Craig had sat; he also assisted at the See also:composition of the Second See also:Book of Discipline and the See also:National See also:Covenant of 158o, and in 1581 compiled "Ane Shorte and Generale See also:Confession" called the " See also:King's Confession," which was imposed on all See also:parish ministers and graduates and became the basis of the Covenant of 1638 . He approved of the See also:Ruthven See also:raid, and admonished James in terms which made him weep, but produced no alteration in his conduct, and before See also:long Craig was denouncing the supremacy of See also:Arran .

But he was averse from the violence of See also:

Melville, and was willing to admit the royal supremacy " as far as the word of Godallows." James VI., Like See also:Henry VIII., accepted this compromise, and the See also:oath in this See also:form was taken by Craig, the royal chaplains and some others . In 1592 was published Craig's See also:Catechism . He died on the 12th of See also:December 1600 . See T . G . See also:Law's Pref. to Craig's Catechism (1885); See also:Bain's See also:Cat . Scottish State Papers; Reg . P . C . Scotl . ; Hew See also:Scott's See also:Fasti See also:Eccles . See also:Scot .

; Knox's, See also:

Calderwood's and See also:Grub's Eccles . Histories ; McCrie's See also:Life of Melville; See also:Hay See also:Fleming's Mary, See also:Queen of Scots; See also:Bannatyne's Memorials . (A . F .

End of Article: JOHN CRAIG (1512 ?-1600)
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