MANDELL See also:

• MANDELL CREIGHTON (1843—1901)

CREIGHTON (1843—1901)  , See also:

• ENGLISH

English historian and See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop of See also:

• LONDON

London, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• CARLISLE
• CARLISLE, EARLS OF

Carlisle on the 5th of See also:

• JULY

July 1843, being the eldest son of See also:

• ROBERT
• ROBERT (1275—1343)
• ROBERT, HUBERT (1753-1808)
• ROBERT, LOUIS LEOPOLD (1794-1835)

Robert See also:

• CREIGHTON, MANDELL (1843—1901)

Creighton, a well-to-do See also:

• UPHOLSTERER

upholsterer of that See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city . He was educated at See also:

• DURHAM
• DURHAM, JOHN GEORGE LAMBTON, 1ST EARL OF (1792–1840)

Durham See also:

• GRAMMAR (from Lat. grammatica, sc. ars; Gr. ypaµ)

grammar school and at Merton See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, See also:

• OXFORD
• OXFORD, EARLS OF
• OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
• OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
• OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
• OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
• OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST

Oxford, where he was elected to a postmaster-See also:

• SHIP

ship in 1862 . He obtained a first-class in literae humaniores, and a second in See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law and See also:

• MODERN

modern See also:

• HISTORY

history in 1866 . In the same See also:

• YEAR

year he became See also:

• TUTOR (Lat. tutor, guardian, tueri, to watch over, protect)

tutor and See also:

• FELLOW

fellow of Merton . He was ordained See also:

• DEACON (Gr. S&& ovos, minister, servant)

deacon, on his fellowship, in 1870, and See also:

• PRIEST (Ger. Priester, Fr. pretre)

priest in 1873; in 1872 he had married See also:

• LOUISE [AUGUSTE WILHELMINE AMALIE LUISE] (1776-1810)

Louise, daughter of Robert von Glehn, a London See also:

• MERCHANT (O. Fr. marcheant, modern marchand; from Lat. mercari, to trade, merx, goods, merchandise)

merchant (herself a writer of several successful books of history) . Meanwhile he had published several small See also:

• HISTORICAL

historical See also:

• WORKS

works; but his college and university duties See also:

• LEFT

left little See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time for See also:

• WRITING
• WRITING (the verbal noun of " to write," O. Eng. writan, to inscribe)

writing, and in 1875 he accepted the vicarage of Embleton, a See also:

• PARISH (Gr. irapouda, district, neighbourhood; 7r&poucos, one dwelling near or beside, from crap&, OtKOS, house; Lat. paroecur, Late Lat. parochia; cf. Fr. paroisse)

parish on the See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast of See also:

• NORTHUMBERLAND
• NORTHUMBERLAND, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• NORTHUMBERLAND, JOHN DUDLEY, VISCOUNT LISLE, EARL OF WARWICK
• NORTHUMBERLAND, JOHN NEVILLE, EARL OF (c. 1430-1471)

Northumberland, near Dunstanburgh, with an See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient and beautiful See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church and a fortified parsonage See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house, and within reach of the See also:

• FINE

fine library in See also:

• BAMBURGH, or BAMBOROUGH

Bamburgh Keep . Here he remained for nearly ten years, acquiring that experience of parochial See also:

• WORK

work which afterwards stood him in See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good See also:

• STEAD, WILLIAM THOMAS (1849– )

stead, taking private pupils, studying and writing, as well as taking an active See also:

• PART

part in diocesan business . Here too he planned and wrote the first two volumes of his See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief historical work, the History of the Papacy; and it was in part this which led to his being elected, in 1884 to the newly-founded Dixie See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

professor-ship of ecclesiastical history at See also:

• CAMBRIDGE
• CAMBRIDGE, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• CAMBRIDGE, RICHARD OWEN (1717-1802)

Cambridge, where he went into See also:

• RESIDENCE (Latin residere, to remain behind, to dwell, reside)

residence See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early in 1885 . At Cambridge his See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence at once made itself See also:

• FELT (cognate with Ger. Filz, Du. vilt, Swed. and Dan. fill; the root is unknown; the word has given Med. Lat. filtrum, " filter ")

felt, especially in the reorganization of the historical school . His lectures and conversation classes were extra-ordinarily good, possessing as he did the rare See also:

• GIFT (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. die Gift, gift, das Gift, poison, formed from the Teut. stem gab-, to give, cf. Dutch geven, Ger. geben; in O. Eng. the word appears with initial y, the guttural of later English is due to Scandinavian influence)

gift of kindling the See also:

• ENTHUSIASM

enthusiasm without curbing the individuality of his pupils . In 1886 he combined with other leading historians to found the English Historical See also:

• REVIEW (Fr. revue, from revoir, to see again, Lat. re and videre)

Review, of which he was editor for five years . Meanwhile the vacations were spent at See also:

• WORCESTER
• WORCESTER, EARLS AND MARQUESSES OF
• WORCESTER, JOHN TIPTOFT, EARL OF (1427—1470)
• WORCESTER, WILLIAM (c. 1415-c. 1482)

Worcester, where he had been nominated a See also:

• CANON

canon residentiary in 1885 .

In 1891 he was made canon of See also:

• WINDSOR
• WINDSOR (properly NEw WINDSOR)

Windsor; but he never went into residence, being appointed in the same year to the see of See also:

• PETERBOROUGH

Peterborough . He threw himself with characteristic See also:

• ENERGY (from the Gr. ivipyela; iv, in, ipyov, work)

energy into his new work, visiting, See also:

• PREACHING (Fr. preecher, from Lat. praedicare, to proclaim)

preaching and lecturing in every part of his See also:

• DIOCESE (formed on Fr. diocese, in place of the Eng. form diocess—current until the 19th century—from Lat. dioecesis, med. Lat. variant diocesis, from Gr. Swucio•tc, " house-keeping," " administration," &miceas, " to keep house," " to govern ")

diocese . He also found time to preach and lecture elsewhere, and to deliver remarkable speeches at social functions; he worked hard with See also:

• ARCHBISHOP (Lat. archiepiscopus, from Gr. apxceatorcoros)

Archbishop See also:

• BENSON, EDWARD WHITE (182g—1896)
• BENSON, FRANCIS ROBERT (1858— )
• BENSON, FRANK WESTON (1862— )
• BENSON, GEORGE (1699–1762)

Benson on the Parish See also:

• COUNCILS

Councils See also:

• BILL

Bill (1894); he became the first See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

president of the Church Historical Society (1894), and continued in that See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office till his See also:

• DEATH

death; he took part in the See also:

• LAUD (Lat. laws)
• LAUD, WILLIAM (1573-1645)

Laud See also:

• COMMEMORATION

Commemoration (1845); he represented the English Church at the See also:

• CORONATION (Lat. corona, crown)

coronation of the See also:

• TSAR, or CZAR

tsar (1896) . He even found time for academical work, delivering the Hulsean lectures (1893–1894) and the Rede lecture (1894) at Cambridge, and the See also:

• ROMANES, GEORGE JOHN (1848-1894)

Romanes lecture at Oxford (1896) . In 1897, on the See also:

• TRANSLATION

translation of Dr See also:

• TEMPLE
• TEMPLE, FREDERICK (1821-1902)
• TEMPLE, RICHARD
• TEMPLE, SIR RICHARD, BART
• TEMPLE, SIR WILLIAM, BART

Temple to See also:

• CANTERBURY
• CANTERBURY, CHARLES

Canterbury, Bishop Creighton was transferred to London . During Dr Temple's episcopate See also:

• RITUAL (from Lat. ritus, a custom, especially a religious rite or custom)

ritual irregularities of all kinds had grown up, which left a very difficult task to his successor, more especially in view of the growing public agitation on the subject, of which he had to See also:

• BEAR
• BEAR, BLACK
• BEAR, BROWN
• BEAR, GRIZZLY
• BEAR, ISABELLINE
• BEAR, WHITE

bear the brunt . As was only natural, his studied fairness did not satisfy partisans on either See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side; and his efforts towards conciliation laid him open to much misunderstanding . His See also:

• ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

administration, none the less, did much to preserve See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace . He strained every See also:

• NERVE (Lat. nervus, Gr. vevpov, a bowstring)

nerve to induce his See also:

• CLERGY (M.E. clergie, O. Fr. clergie, from Low Lat. form clericia [Skean, by assimilation with O. Fr. clergie, Fr. clerge,from Low Lat. clericatus)
• CLERGY, BENEFIT OF

clergy to accept his ruling on the questions of the See also:

• RESERVATION (Lat. reservare, to keep back)

reservation of the See also:

• SACRAMENT

Sacrament and of the ceremonial use of See also:

• INCENSE

incense in accordance with the archbishop's See also:

• JUDGMENT

judgment in the See also:

• LINCOLN
• LINCOLN, ABRAHAM (1809-1865)
• LINCOLN, EARLS OF

Lincoln See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case; but when, during his last illness, a prosecutor brought proceedings against the clergy of five recalcitrant churches, the bishop, on the See also:

• ADVICE (Fr. avis, from Lat. ad, to, and visum, viewed)

advice of his See also:

• ARCH
• ARCH, JOSEPH (1826– )

arch-deacons, interposed his See also:

• VETO (Lat. for " I forbid ")

veto . One other effort on behalf of peace may be mentioned . In accordance with a See also:

• VOTE

vote of the diocesan See also:

• CONFERENCE

conference, the bishop arranged the " See also:

• ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

Round Table Conference " between representative members of various parties, held at See also:

• FULHAM

Fulham in See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1900, on " the See also:

• DOCTRINE

doctrine of the See also:

• HOLY

Holy See also:

• EUCHARIST (Gr. evXapurria, thanksgiving)

Eucharist and its expression in ritual," and a See also:

• REPORT (O.Fr. report or raport, modern rapport, from O.Fr. reporter, mod. rap porter, Lat. reportare, to bring back, in poetical use only, of bringing back an account, news, &c.)

report of its proceedings was published with a See also:

• PREFACE (Med. Lat. prefatia, for classical praefatio, praefari, to speak beforehand)

preface by him . The true work of his episcopate was, however, See also:

• POSITIVE (or PORTABLE) ORGAN

positive, not negative .

He was an excellent See also:

• ADMINISTRATOR

administrator; and his wide knowledge, broad sympathies, and See also:

• SOUND
• SOUND, THE (Danish Oresund)

sound See also:

• COMMON

common sense, though they placed him outside the point of view common to most of his clergy, made him an invaluable See also:

• GUIDE (in Mid. Eng. gyde, from the Fr. guide; the earlier French form was guie, English " guy," the d was due to the Italian form guida; the ultimate origin is probably Teutonic, the word being connected with the base seen in O. Eng. witan, to know)

guide in correcting their too often in-discreet zeal . He fully realized the See also:

• SPECIAL

special position of the English Church in Christendom, and firmly maintained its essential teaching . Yet he was no narrow See also:

• ANGLICAN

Anglican . His love for the English Church never blinded him to its faults, and no See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man was less insular than he . As he was a historian before he became a bishop, so it was his historical sense which determined his See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general attitude as a bishop . It was this, together with a certain native See also:

• TASTE (from Lat. taxare, to touch sharply; tangere, to touch)

taste for ecclesiastical pomp, which made him—while condemning the unhistorical extravagances of the ultraritualists—himself a ritualist . He was the first bishop of London,since the See also:

• REFORMATION
• REFORMATION, THE

Reformation, to " pontificate " in a See also:

• MITRE (Lat. mitra, from Gr. j4rpa, a band, head-band, head-dress)

mitre as well as the See also:

• COPE
• COPE (M.E. cape, cope, from Med. Lat. capa, cappa)
• COPE, EDWARD DRINKER (1840-1897)
• COPE, EDWARD MEREDITH (1818-1873)

cope, and though no man could have been less essentially " sacerdotal " he was always careful of correct ceremonial usage . His interests and his sympathies, however, extended far beyond the limits of the church . He took a foremost part in almost every good work in his diocese, social or educational, See also:

• POLITICAL

political or religious; while he found time also to cultivate friendly relations with thinking men and See also:

• WOMEN

women of all See also:

• SCHOOLS

schools, and to help all and sundry who came to him for advice and assistance . It was this multiplicity of activities and interests that proved fatal to him . By degrees the work, and especially the routine work, began to tell on him . He See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell seriously See also:

• ILL

ill in the See also:

• LATE

late summer of 1900, and died on the 14th of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1901 .

He was buried in St See also:

• PAUL
• PAUL (PAULUS)

Paul's See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral, where a statue surmounts his See also:

• TOMB (Gr. Tuµ/3a, Tuµ(3os, probably allied to Lat. tumulus, literally a swelling, tumere, to swell)

tomb . He was a man of striking presence and distinguished by a fine See also:

• COURTESY (O. Fr. curtesie, later courtoisie)

courtesy of manner . His irrespressible and often daring See also:

• HUMOUR (Latin humor)

humour, together with his See also:

• FRANK, JAKOB (1726-1791)

frank distaste for much conventional religious phraseology, was a stumbling-See also:

• BLOCK
• BLOCK (from the Fr. bloc, and possibly connected with an Old Ger. Block, obstruction, cf. " baulk ")
• BLOCK, MAURICE (1816–19or)

block to some pious See also:

• PEOPLE

people . But beneath it all See also:

• LAY

lay a deep seriousness of purpose and a See also:

• FIRM

firm faith in what to him were the fundamental truths of See also:

• RELIGION
• RELIGION, FOLKLORE, CUSTOM

religion . Bishop Creighton's See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal published works are: History of the Papacy during the See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

Period of the Reformation (5 vols., 1882-1897, new ed.); History of the Papacy from the See also:

• GREAT

Great See also:

• SCHISM

Schism to the See also:

• SACK

Sack of See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome (6 vols., 1897); The Early See also:

• RENAISSANCE, THE

Renaissance in See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England (1895); See also:

• CARDINAL (Lat. cardinalis)

Cardinal See also:

• WOLSEY, THOMAS (c. 1475–1530)

Wolsey (1895); See also:

• LIFE

Life of See also:

• SIMON, ABRAHAM (1622-1692)
• SIMON, JULES FRANCOIS (1814–1896)
• SIMON, RICHARD (1638–1712)
• SIMON, SIR JOHN (1816–1904)
• SIMON, THOMAS (c. 1623-1665)

Simon de See also:

• MONTFORT
• MONTFORT, SIMON DE, EARL OF LEICESTER (d. 1265)

Montfort (1876, new ed . 1895); See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

Queen See also:

• ELIZABETH
• ELIZABETH (1533-1603)
• ELIZABETH (1596-1662)
• ELIZABETH (1635–1650)
• ELIZABETH [ AMELIE EUGENIE ] (1837—1898)
• ELIZABETH [1lisabeth Philippine Marie Helene of France] (1764—1794)
• ELIZABETH [PAULINE ELIZABETH OTTILIE LOUISE] (1843– )
• ELIZABETH [PETROVNA] (1709-1762), EMPRESS
• ELIZABETH, SAINT (1207-1231)

Elizabeth (1896) . He also edited the See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of Epochs of English History, for which he wrote " The See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

Age of Elizabeth " (13th ed., 1897); Historical Lectures and Addresses by Mandell Creighton, &mac., edited by Mrs Creighton, were published in 1903 . See Life and Letters of Mandell Creighton, &c., by his wife (2 vols., 1904) ; and the See also:

• ARTICLE (from Lat. articulus, a joint)

article " Creighton and See also:

• STUBBS [STUBBES], PHILIP (c. 1555-c. 161o)
• STUBBS [STUnnE], JOHN
• STUBBS, WILLIAM (1825-1901)

Stubbs " in Church Quarterly Review for Oct . 1905 .