See also:

• CRYPTEIA (Gr. Kpinrrew, to hide)

CRYPTEIA (Gr. Kpinrrew, to hide)  , a See also:

• KIND (O. E. ge-cynde, from the same root as is seen in " kin," supra)

kind of See also:

• SECRET (Lat. secretum, hidden, concealed)

secret See also:

• POLICE (Fr. police, government, civil administration, a police force, Gr. sroXumeia, constitution, condition of a state, roars, city, state)

police in See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient See also:

• SPARTA (Gr. Eirapril or AaKe5atycav)

Sparta, founded, according to See also:

• ARISTOTLE
• ARISTOTLE (384-322 B.C.)

Aristotle, by See also:

• LYCURGUS
• LYCURGUS (c. 396–325 B.C.)
• LYCURGUS (Gr. AvKofpyor)

Lycurgus; there is, however, no real See also:

• EVIDENCE (Lat. evidentia, evideri, to appear clearly)

evidence as to the date of its origin . The institution was under the supervision of the ephors, who, on entering See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office, annually proclaimed See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war against the See also:

• HELOTS (Gr. eYAwres or eiXiorat)

helots (serf-class) and thus absolved from the See also:

• GUILT

guilt of See also:

• MURDER

murder any Spartan who should slay a helot . It was instituted primarily as a precaution against the ever-See also:

• PRESENT

present danger of a helot revolt, and secondarily perhaps as a training for See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young Spartans, who were sent out by the ephors to keep See also:

• WATCH (in O. Eng. wcecce, a keeping guard or watching, from wacian, to guard, watch, wacan, to wake)

watch on the helots and assassinate any who might appear dangerous . See also:

• PLATO

Plato (See also:

• LAWS

Laws, i. p . 633; emphasizes the former aspect, but there can be little doubt that, at all events after the revolt of 464 (see CIM0N), its more sinister purpose was predominant, as we may gather from the secret See also:

• MASSACRE

massacre of 2000 helots who, on the invitation of the ephors, claimed to have rendered distinguished service (Thuc. iv . 8o) . See HELOTS; See also:

• EPHOR (Gr. i4opos)

EPHOR; also A . H . J . Greenidge, Handbook of Gk . Const . Hist .

(See also:

• LONDON

London, 1896) ; G . See also:

• GILBERT
• GILBERT (KINGSMILL) ISLANDS
• GILBERT (or GYLBERDE), WILLIAM (1544-1603)
• GILBERT, ALFRED (1854– )
• GILBERT, ANN (1821-1904)
• GILBERT, GROVE KARL (1843– )
• GILBERT, J
• GILBERT, JOHN (1810-1889)
• GILBERT, MARIE DOLORES ELIZA ROSANNA [" LOLA MONTEZ "] (1818-1861)
• GILBERT, NICOLAS JOSEPH LAURENT (1751–1780)
• GILBERT, SIR HUMPHREY (c. 1539-1583)
• GILBERT, SIR JOSEPH HENRY (1817-1901)
• GILBERT, SIR WILLIAM SCHWENK (1836– )

Gilbert, Gk . Const . Antiq . (Eng. trans., London, 1895) .